{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3202934410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3116052","title":"Pattern Division Random Access (PDRA) for M2M Communications With Massive MIMO Systems","display_name":"Pattern Division Random Access (PDRA) for M2M Communications With Massive MIMO Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3202934410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3116052","mag":"3202934410"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3116052","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3116052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080875949","display_name":"Xiaoming Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5817-8723"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoming Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5817-8723","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066050801","display_name":"Tiantian Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6241-0641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiantian Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6241-0641","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100383887","display_name":"Qianqian Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7716-0481"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qianqian Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100756108","display_name":"Hua Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7988-2576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7988-2576","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016442564","display_name":"Xiyuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0245-071X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78675632","display_name":"Beijing Information Science & Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xnqep60","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78675632"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiyuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78675632"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4019,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56662927,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"12","first_page":"12631","last_page":"12639"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.5639481544494629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4820488393306732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superposition-principle","display_name":"Superposition principle","score":0.47711876034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero","display_name":"Zero (linguistics)","score":0.4354696273803711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.43369966745376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.38631004095077515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3761138916015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.3648555874824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3520188331604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.33014947175979614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.17983472347259521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.09569123387336731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.08253175020217896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.5639481544494629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4820488393306732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27753989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284885","display_name":"Superposition principle","level":2,"score":0.47711876034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780813799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3274237","display_name":"Zero (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4354696273803711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.43369966745376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.38631004095077515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3761138916015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.3648555874824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3520188331604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.33014947175979614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.17983472347259521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.09569123387336731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.08253175020217896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3116052","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3116052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3162535021","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u7a00\u758f\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u975e\u6b63\u4ea4\u591a\u5740\u63a5\u5165\u57fa\u7840\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61871029","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1643561535","https://openalex.org/W1971698822","https://openalex.org/W1990742097","https://openalex.org/W2051253005","https://openalex.org/W2141804605","https://openalex.org/W2159669992","https://openalex.org/W2607907172","https://openalex.org/W2706056020","https://openalex.org/W2811365745","https://openalex.org/W2962706684","https://openalex.org/W4293263215"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4308749380","https://openalex.org/W2372481764","https://openalex.org/W2610947892","https://openalex.org/W1977264433","https://openalex.org/W4308448008","https://openalex.org/W2037841693","https://openalex.org/W2347371661","https://openalex.org/W2746368218","https://openalex.org/W2012943989","https://openalex.org/W2287286086"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"we":[3],"introduce":[4],"the":[5,23,39,46,63,82,115,120,125,137,151,156,165],"pattern-domain":[6,40,53,126],"pilot":[7,41,98],"design":[8],"paradigm":[9],"based":[10,44,127],"on":[11,45],"a":[12,87,95],"\u201csuperposition":[13,166,171],"of":[14,84,86,119,124,164,167,172],"orthogonal-building-blocks\u201d":[15,168],"with":[16,129],"significantly":[17,96],"larger":[18],"contention":[19,77],"space":[20],"to":[21,94,170],"enhance":[22],"massive":[24,33,110,130],"machine-type":[25],"communications":[26],"(mMTC)":[27],"random":[28,141],"access":[29,142],"(RA)":[30],"performance":[31,105,148],"in":[32,109],"multiple-input":[34],"multiple-output":[35],"(MIMO)":[36],"systems.":[37,112,132],"Specifically,":[38],"is":[42,174],"constructed":[43],"superposition":[47],"of$L$cyclically-shifted":[48],"Zadoff-Chu":[49],"(ZC)":[50],"sequences.":[51],"The":[52,75,162],"pilots":[54],"exhibit":[55],"zero":[56],"correlation":[57,68,91],"values":[58,69,92],"between":[59,70],"non-colliding":[60],"patterns":[61,71],"from":[62,72],"same":[64],"root":[65],"and":[66,89,117],"low":[67,90],"different":[73],"roots.":[74],"increased":[76],"space,":[78],"i.e.,":[79],"fromNto$\\binom{N}{L}$,":[80],"where$\\binom{N}{L}$denotes":[81],"number":[83],"allL-combinations":[85],"setN,":[88],"lead":[93],"lower":[97],"collision":[99],"probability":[100,123],"without":[101],"compromisingexcessivelyon":[102],"channel":[103],"estimation":[104],"for":[106],"mMTC":[107],"RA":[108,121],"MIMO":[111,131],"We":[113],"present":[114],"framework":[116],"analysis":[118],"success":[122],"scheme":[128,144,169],"Numerical":[133],"results":[134],"demonstrate":[135],"that":[136],"proposed":[138],"pattern":[139],"division":[140],"(PDRA)":[143],"achieves":[145],"an":[146],"appreciable":[147],"gain":[149],"over":[150],"conventional":[152],"one,":[153],"while":[154],"preserving":[155],"existing":[157],"physical":[158],"layer":[159],"virtually":[160],"unchanged.":[161],"extension":[163],"quasi-orthogonal-building-blocks\u201d":[173],"straightforward.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}