{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3202339498","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3115474","title":"Protecting Multi-Function Wireless Systems From Jammers With Backscatter Assistance: An Intelligent Strategy","display_name":"Protecting Multi-Function Wireless Systems From Jammers With Backscatter Assistance: An Intelligent Strategy","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3202339498","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3115474","mag":"3202339498"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3115474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3115474","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042181272","display_name":"Ismail Lotfi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4034-9381"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ismail Lotfi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4034-9381","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091266202","display_name":"Dusit Niyato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dusit Niyato","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100606009","display_name":"Sumei Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-8122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumei Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-8122","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007992576","display_name":"Dinh Thai Hoang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9528-0863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hoang Thai Dinh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9528-0863","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100448724","display_name":"Yonghui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-1123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-1123","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022649488","display_name":"Dong In Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7711-8072"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong In Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7711-8072","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0818,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7687569,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"11","first_page":"11812","last_page":"11826"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jamming","display_name":"Jamming","score":0.8162099123001099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.675251841545105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.6460252404212952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.6016598343849182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.5906025767326355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.5881020426750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-warfare","display_name":"Electronic warfare","score":0.46863675117492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4309336841106415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.41390347480773926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.365379273891449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3455386161804199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2773386240005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23129582405090332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1840381622314453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779079576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092823","display_name":"Jamming","level":2,"score":0.8162099123001099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.675251841545105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.6460252404212952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.6016598343849182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.5906025767326355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5881020426750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133082901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272826","display_name":"Electronic warfare","level":3,"score":0.46863675117492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4309336841106415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.41390347480773926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.365379273891449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3455386161804199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2773386240005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23129582405090332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1840381622314453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3115474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3115474","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/163833","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/163833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7434694311","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RG16/20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8900174045","display_name":"Intelligent Backscatter Communications for Green and Secure IoT Networks ","funder_award_id":"DE210100651","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpyc314"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01kcva023"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324110","display_name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05j6fvn87"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41554520","https://openalex.org/W1538564946","https://openalex.org/W1544261405","https://openalex.org/W1577308340","https://openalex.org/W2004203064","https://openalex.org/W2030714532","https://openalex.org/W2031211320","https://openalex.org/W2078733172","https://openalex.org/W2099461393","https://openalex.org/W2121863487","https://openalex.org/W2124280970","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2146886176","https://openalex.org/W2155239385","https://openalex.org/W2155968351","https://openalex.org/W2164687965","https://openalex.org/W2201581102","https://openalex.org/W2270507001","https://openalex.org/W2292621081","https://openalex.org/W2294890201","https://openalex.org/W2401253818","https://openalex.org/W2403793778","https://openalex.org/W2486702221","https://openalex.org/W2588854657","https://openalex.org/W2590141315","https://openalex.org/W2611515111","https://openalex.org/W2746553466","https://openalex.org/W2765492968","https://openalex.org/W2767109251","https://openalex.org/W2771430376","https://openalex.org/W2795059371","https://openalex.org/W2888849450","https://openalex.org/W2908925415","https://openalex.org/W2911274893","https://openalex.org/W2913613882","https://openalex.org/W2914264156","https://openalex.org/W2917889274","https://openalex.org/W2953303875","https://openalex.org/W2963463766","https://openalex.org/W2963477884","https://openalex.org/W2963864421","https://openalex.org/W2969129261","https://openalex.org/W2970451641","https://openalex.org/W2974896194","https://openalex.org/W2999849393","https://openalex.org/W3006143078","https://openalex.org/W3007818106","https://openalex.org/W3025382455","https://openalex.org/W3034709806","https://openalex.org/W3035667171","https://openalex.org/W3082538580","https://openalex.org/W3093426589","https://openalex.org/W3098593178","https://openalex.org/W3176257903","https://openalex.org/W6684921986","https://openalex.org/W6687681856"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2391130903","https://openalex.org/W2110612166","https://openalex.org/W3036103644","https://openalex.org/W3081127448","https://openalex.org/W2355624950","https://openalex.org/W2354671671","https://openalex.org/W2363623945","https://openalex.org/W1553343497","https://openalex.org/W2225690030","https://openalex.org/W2355070935"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,51],"present":[4],"a":[5,44,142,148],"novel":[6],"unified":[7],"framework":[8],"to":[9,73,77,91,115,125,156],"protect":[10],"multi-function":[11,20],"wireless":[12,31],"systems":[13,28],"from":[14],"jamming":[15,94,128,177],"attacks.":[16],"Examples":[17],"of":[18,48,172,189],"such":[19],"system":[21,41,162,174,191],"include":[22],"joint":[23,45],"radar":[24],"and":[25,29,33,79,85],"communication":[26],"(JRC)":[27],"simultaneous":[30],"information":[32],"power":[34],"transfer":[35],"(SWIPT)":[36],"systems.":[37],"By":[38],"abstracting":[39],"the":[40,58,75,93,117,127,133,170,173,190],"functionalities":[42],"as":[43],"optimization":[46],"problem":[47,134],"multiple":[49],"queues,":[50],"achieve":[52],"effective":[53],"resistance":[54],"against":[55],"jammers":[56],"for":[57,187],"multi-functions":[59,171],"simultaneously.":[60],"We":[61,130,164],"incorporate":[62],"different":[63,161],"anti-jamming":[64],"techniques":[65],"into":[66],"one":[67,104],"framework.":[68],"Deception":[69],"mechanism":[70],"is":[71,89,154],"adopted":[72],"lure":[74],"jammer":[76],"attack":[78],"make":[80],"its":[81],"actions":[82],"more":[83],"predictable,":[84],"ambient":[86],"backscatter":[87],"technology":[88],"used":[90,114],"leverage":[92,126],"signals.":[95,129],"Since":[96],"conventional":[97],"Markov":[98],"decision":[99,105,123],"process":[100],"(MDP)":[101],"has":[102],"only":[103],"epoch":[106],"at":[107],"every":[108],"time":[109],"slot,":[110],"it":[111],"cannot":[112],"be":[113,185],"model":[116],"deception":[118],"strategy":[119],"which":[120],"needs":[121],"two":[122],"epochs":[124],"therefore":[131],"formulate":[132],"using":[135],"an":[136],"advanced":[137],"two-step":[138],"MDP.":[139],"After":[140],"that,":[141],"deep":[143,151],"reinforcement":[144],"learning":[145],"algorithm":[146],"with":[147,175],"prioritized":[149],"double":[150],"Q-Learning":[152],"architecture":[153],"proposed":[155],"learn":[157],"optimal":[158],"strategies":[159],"in":[160],"states.":[163],"show":[165],"that":[166],"by":[167],"jointly":[168],"considering":[169],"potential":[176],"attacks":[178],"during":[179],"design":[180],"phase,":[181],"significant":[182],"improvement":[183],"can":[184],"achieved":[186],"both":[188],"functionalities.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}