{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3179328940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3095943","title":"Mobile User Trajectory Tracking for IRS Enabled Wireless Networks","display_name":"Mobile User Trajectory Tracking for IRS Enabled Wireless Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3179328940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3095943","mag":"3179328940"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3095943","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3095943","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090707691","display_name":"Deyou Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9621-561X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["AU","SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Deyou Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","School of Electrical and Information Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9621-561X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071321132","display_name":"Jun Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3004-7091"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3004-7091","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100413583","display_name":"Ang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8235-7596"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","School of Information and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8235-7596","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100691319","display_name":"Jun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6239-2922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6239-2922","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043371405","display_name":"Branka Vucetic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2700-2001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Branka Vucetic","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2700-2001","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100448724","display_name":"Yonghui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-1123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-1123","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090707691"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602","https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7117,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69636857,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"8","first_page":"8331","last_page":"8336"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codebook","display_name":"Codebook","score":0.7518746852874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5665460228919983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-a-posteriori-estimation","display_name":"Maximum a posteriori estimation","score":0.5359808802604675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5161124467849731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.4692162275314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.4632386565208435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4570176899433136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3951868414878845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.30639389157295227}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127759330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637416","display_name":"Codebook","level":2,"score":0.7518746852874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5665460228919983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9810830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q635384","display_name":"Maximum a posteriori estimation","level":3,"score":0.5359808802604675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5161124467849731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4692162275314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.4632386565208435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4570176899433136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3951868414878845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30639389157295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3095943","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3095943","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2276391916","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61872184","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2367534123","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021KWZ-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336565","funder_display_name":"Key Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4674729601","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020KW-007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336565","funder_display_name":"Key Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G700747104","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019KW-007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336565","funder_display_name":"Key Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8281838290","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FL160100032","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8952203347","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"xzy012020007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336565","display_name":"Key Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997834106","https://openalex.org/W2186745177","https://openalex.org/W2259391824","https://openalex.org/W2767105570","https://openalex.org/W2906097308","https://openalex.org/W2941598852","https://openalex.org/W2963121727","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2969788250","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W3011952645","https://openalex.org/W3021225717","https://openalex.org/W3038076970","https://openalex.org/W3039576648","https://openalex.org/W3041653465","https://openalex.org/W3046150966","https://openalex.org/W3091980038","https://openalex.org/W6761393245"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2731819575","https://openalex.org/W2613673799","https://openalex.org/W2182603785","https://openalex.org/W2967293417","https://openalex.org/W3206863852","https://openalex.org/W1574835273","https://openalex.org/W2136258730","https://openalex.org/W2089095906","https://openalex.org/W2187613024","https://openalex.org/W3174049743"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,97],"consider":[4],"an":[5,29,81],"intelligent":[6],"reflecting":[7],"surface":[8],"(IRS)":[9],"enabled":[10],"mobile":[11,22],"network,":[12],"where":[13],"a":[14,21,44,49,53,55,99,132,142,152],"fixed":[15],"access":[16],"point":[17],"(AP)":[18],"communicates":[19],"with":[20],"user":[23],"(MU)":[24],"via":[25],"the":[26,34,61,64,68,72,85,93,104,110,115,119,123,129,146,159,164,171,175,182],"aid":[27],"of":[28,63,71,88,118,163,174],"IRS.":[30],"We":[31],"assume":[32],"that":[33],"MU":[35,65],"moves":[36],"from":[37],"one":[38],"elementary":[39],"square":[40],"to":[41,59,79,113,140,145,157],"another":[42],"following":[43],"Markov":[45],"random":[46],"walk":[47],"within":[48],"grid,":[50],"and":[51],"propose":[52],"maximum":[54],"posteriori":[56],"(MAP)":[57],"criterion":[58],"track":[60],"movement":[62],"by":[66,128,151],"leveraging":[67],"line-of-sight":[69],"component":[70],"IRS-MU":[73],"link.":[74],"Since":[75],"it":[76],"is":[77,107,137],"infeasible":[78],"derive":[80,98],"explicit":[82],"expression":[83],"for":[84,92,103],"average":[86],"probability":[87],"estimation":[89],"error":[90],"(APEE)":[91],"proposed":[94,176],"MAP":[95],"criterion,":[96],"closed-form":[100],"upper":[101],"bound":[102],"APEE,":[105],"which":[106],"used":[108],"as":[109],"cost":[111,162],"function":[112],"optimize":[114],"phase":[116,178],"shifts":[117],"IRS":[120,130,177],"units.":[121],"Considering":[122],"unit":[124],"modulus":[125],"constraints":[126],"incurred":[127],"units,":[131],"manifold":[133],"optimization":[134,148],"(MO)":[135],"method":[136],"firstly":[138],"employed":[139],"gain":[141],"favorable":[143],"solution":[144,156],"formulated":[147],"problem,":[149],"followed":[150],"low-complexity":[153],"codebook":[154],"based":[155],"circumvent":[158],"high":[160],"computational":[161],"MO":[165],"method.":[166,184],"Our":[167],"numerical":[168],"results":[169],"demonstrate":[170],"superior":[172],"performance":[173],"shift":[179],"designs":[180],"over":[181],"benchmark":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}