{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134235075","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3064610","title":"Probabilistic Constructive Interference Precoding for Imperfect CSIT","display_name":"Probabilistic Constructive Interference Precoding for Imperfect CSIT","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134235075","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3064610","mag":"3134235075"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3064610","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3064610","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10129141/1/%28FINAL%29Probabilistic%20Constructive%20Interference%20Precoding%20for%20Imperfect%20CSIT.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069833533","display_name":"Gangming Lyu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1375-1685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gangming Lyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1375-1685","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057896643","display_name":"Yuning You","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4821-019X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuning You","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100413583","display_name":"Ang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8235-7596"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8235-7596","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047134574","display_name":"Xuewen Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8273-7019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuewen Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030334551","display_name":"Christos Masouros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8259-6615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christos Masouros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8259-6615","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3051,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.548557,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"4","first_page":"3932","last_page":"3937"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.6856828927993774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.6266627311706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5404753088951111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.528753936290741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.508817732334137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.498396635055542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.4879097640514374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.462788850069046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-forcing-precoding","display_name":"Zero-forcing precoding","score":0.4470672607421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3843182921409607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.38054290413856506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.35284852981567383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3386760354042053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.2323266565799713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16748791933059692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.16627559065818787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.14711248874664307}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.6856828927993774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.6266627311706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5404753088951111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.528753936290741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.508817732334137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.498396635055542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.4879097640514374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.462788850069046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155437304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8069444","display_name":"Zero-forcing precoding","level":5,"score":0.4470672607421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3843182921409607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.38054290413856506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.35284852981567383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3386760354042053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.2323266565799713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16748791933059692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.16627559065818787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.14711248874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3064610","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2021.3064610","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10129141","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10129141/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10129141/1/%28FINAL%29Probabilistic%20Constructive%20Interference%20Precoding%20for%20Imperfect%20CSIT.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"   IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology , 70  (4)   pp. 3932-3937.   (2021)      ","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10129141","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10129141/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10129141/1/%28FINAL%29Probabilistic%20Constructive%20Interference%20Precoding%20for%20Imperfect%20CSIT.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"   IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology , 70  (4)   pp. 3932-3937.   (2021)      ","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1021552440","display_name":"Exploiting interference for physical layer security in 5G networks [CI-PHY] (EPSRC-FNR)","funder_award_id":"EP/R007934/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1158539859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/M014126/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4327584750","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/V007734/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4585092078","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/M014150/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4605285622","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"xzy012019037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4674729601","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020KW-007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336565","funder_display_name":"Key Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G700747104","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019KW-007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336565","funder_display_name":"Key Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7094448879","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/S028455/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7461758821","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/R007934/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8952203347","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"xzy012020007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336565","display_name":"Key Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134235075.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3134235075.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W760649516","https://openalex.org/W1568307856","https://openalex.org/W1911476179","https://openalex.org/W2018295654","https://openalex.org/W2025779053","https://openalex.org/W2042599231","https://openalex.org/W2044108662","https://openalex.org/W2073041660","https://openalex.org/W2080355568","https://openalex.org/W2099062866","https://openalex.org/W2139683558","https://openalex.org/W2337257598","https://openalex.org/W2605577582","https://openalex.org/W2792345893","https://openalex.org/W2803170239","https://openalex.org/W2807441250","https://openalex.org/W2884452953","https://openalex.org/W2890462754","https://openalex.org/W2981232515","https://openalex.org/W3010167864","https://openalex.org/W3012363795","https://openalex.org/W3012555737","https://openalex.org/W3018707485","https://openalex.org/W3036777744","https://openalex.org/W3101079840","https://openalex.org/W6780392264"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111825998","https://openalex.org/W2326544815","https://openalex.org/W1973158664","https://openalex.org/W1731022149","https://openalex.org/W1996933839","https://openalex.org/W2000226056","https://openalex.org/W3141240674","https://openalex.org/W1976511355","https://openalex.org/W2082469387","https://openalex.org/W1985632843"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,53],"stochastic-robust":[4,88],"constructive":[5],"interference":[6],"(CI)":[7],"precoding":[8,184],"scheme":[9],"for":[10,52,122,171],"downlink":[11],"multi-user":[12],"MISO":[13],"systems,":[14],"assuming":[15],"that":[16,103,148,205],"channel":[17,176],"state":[18],"information":[19],"(CSI)":[20],"at":[21,46],"the":[22,36,62,77,113,123,134,149,154,159,166,180,198,206],"transmitter":[23],"side":[24],"(CSIT)":[25],"is":[26,33,94],"contaminated":[27],"by":[28,111],"Gaussian-distributed":[29],"uncertainties.":[30],"Our":[31],"objective":[32],"to":[34,117,133],"minimize":[35],"total":[37],"transmit":[38,189],"power":[39,90,190],"under":[40,66,174],"users'":[41],"quality-of-service":[42],"constraints:":[43],"formulating":[44],"CI":[45,65,80,89,170,183],"each":[47,172],"user":[48,173],"with":[49],"high":[50],"probabilities":[51],"given":[54,160],"target":[55],"signal-to-noise":[56],"ratio":[57],"(SINR).":[58],"We":[59,101],"first":[60],"analyze":[61],"probability":[63,168],"of":[64,71,169,187],"imperfect":[67],"CSIT.":[68],"A":[69],"series":[70],"approximations":[72,110],"are":[73,140],"then":[74,95],"developed,":[75],"transforming":[76],"intractable":[78],"stochastic":[79,125,155],"constraints":[81],"into":[82,97],"determined":[83],"convex":[84],"constraints.":[85],"The":[86,128,194],"non-convex":[87],"minimization":[91],"(CIPM)":[92],"problem":[93],"converted":[96],"second-order":[98],"cone":[99],"programming.":[100],"show":[102,147],"we":[104],"could":[105],"create":[106],"tightened":[107],"or":[108],"relaxed":[109],"changing":[112],"parameters,":[114],"enabling":[115],"us":[116],"find":[118],"upper-bounds":[119],"and":[120,137,143,178,191,200],"lower-bounds":[121],"original":[124],"CIPM":[126,156],"problem.":[127,157],"best":[129],"parameter":[130,161],"values":[131],"corresponding":[132],"tightest":[135],"upper":[136,199],"lower":[138,201],"bounds":[139,202],"also":[141,203],"discussed":[142],"obtained.":[144],"Simulation":[145],"results":[146],"proposed":[150,207],"methods":[151],"reasonably":[152],"approximate":[153],"Using":[158],"values,":[162],"it":[163],"can":[164],"guarantee":[165],"required":[167],"acceptable":[175],"uncertainties":[177],"outperform":[179],"existing":[181],"robust":[182],"in":[185],"terms":[186],"both":[188],"feasibility":[192],"rate.":[193],"small":[195],"gap":[196],"between":[197],"shows":[204],"method":[208],"does":[209],"not":[210],"cause":[211],"too":[212],"much":[213],"performance":[214],"loss.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}