{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3100046311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.3037342","title":"Analysis of M-QAM Modulated Underwater Wireless Optical Communication System for Reconfigurable UOWSNs Employed in River Meets Ocean Scenario","display_name":"Analysis of M-QAM Modulated Underwater Wireless Optical Communication System for Reconfigurable UOWSNs Employed in River Meets Ocean Scenario","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3100046311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.3037342","mag":"3100046311"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2020.3037342","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.3037342","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076319942","display_name":"Ajay Uppalapati","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11880225","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Karnataka","ror":"https://ror.org/01hz4v948","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ajay Uppalapati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5482-0923","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037106082","display_name":"Ramavath Prasad Naik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9878-2295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11880225","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Karnataka","ror":"https://ror.org/01hz4v948","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramavath Prasad Naik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9878-2295","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072251962","display_name":"Prabu Krishnan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9730-7997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11880225","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Karnataka","ror":"https://ror.org/01hz4v948","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prabu Krishnan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9730-7997","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076319942"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2884,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88792083,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"12","first_page":"15244","last_page":"15252"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.6486057043075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater-acoustic-communication","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","score":0.6340221166610718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.5878062844276428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.5495535135269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attenuation","display_name":"Attenuation","score":0.5228041410446167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.4926171898841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.47200748324394226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qam","display_name":"QAM","score":0.46261483430862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3521350026130676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3521234393119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3387712836265564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3349919319152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.28187429904937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2438386082649231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20580095052719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.18988174200057983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.12255343794822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.11607515811920166}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.6486057043075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169111936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424098","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","level":3,"score":0.6340221166610718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.5878062844276428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.5495535135269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.5228041410446167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.4926171898841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.47200748324394226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59030546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7265371","display_name":"QAM","level":5,"score":0.46261483430862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3521350026130676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3521234393119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3387712836265564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3349919319152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.28187429904937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2438386082649231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20580095052719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.18988174200057983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.12255343794822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.11607515811920166}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2020.3037342","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.3037342","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W412158102","https://openalex.org/W624380610","https://openalex.org/W1951466377","https://openalex.org/W1967280221","https://openalex.org/W1968720967","https://openalex.org/W1977197797","https://openalex.org/W2026584279","https://openalex.org/W2032947033","https://openalex.org/W2055476976","https://openalex.org/W2059126643","https://openalex.org/W2070288551","https://openalex.org/W2099651019","https://openalex.org/W2105060359","https://openalex.org/W2140005210","https://openalex.org/W2143742289","https://openalex.org/W2149472588","https://openalex.org/W2156408736","https://openalex.org/W2166039752","https://openalex.org/W2169941196","https://openalex.org/W2336491352","https://openalex.org/W2472328202","https://openalex.org/W2511038469","https://openalex.org/W2512890930","https://openalex.org/W2532165060","https://openalex.org/W2607000399","https://openalex.org/W2756309595","https://openalex.org/W2767990217","https://openalex.org/W2794276328","https://openalex.org/W2799845438","https://openalex.org/W2890842025","https://openalex.org/W2902304819","https://openalex.org/W2917612394","https://openalex.org/W2947485787","https://openalex.org/W2970722462","https://openalex.org/W2970816924","https://openalex.org/W3000169341","https://openalex.org/W3007678801","https://openalex.org/W3010989015","https://openalex.org/W3032419891","https://openalex.org/W3047930118","https://openalex.org/W3091940707","https://openalex.org/W4211256848","https://openalex.org/W6640976449"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390873927","https://openalex.org/W2893995248","https://openalex.org/W2148868771","https://openalex.org/W2147334234","https://openalex.org/W2085207364","https://openalex.org/W2159438609","https://openalex.org/W2900995485","https://openalex.org/W2064534496","https://openalex.org/W2901356766","https://openalex.org/W1526007253"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"the":[3,57,68,73,76,80,88,105,116,140,150],"bit":[4],"error":[5],"rate":[6],"(BER)":[7],"performance":[8,121],"of":[9,72,87,99,107,119,152],"underwater":[10,24,36,153],"wireless":[11,26],"optical":[12,25],"communication":[13],"system":[14,90,120,138],"employing":[15],"with":[16,94],"M-ary":[17],"quadrature":[18],"amplitude":[19],"modulation":[20],"is":[21,47,54,122],"proposed":[22,64,89,137],"for":[23,67,124],"sensor":[27],"networks":[28],"(UOWSN)":[29],"in":[30,147],"river":[31,74,125],"meets":[32,75],"ocean":[33,77,131,134],"scenario.":[34],"The":[35,51,60,97,136],"channel":[37],"degradation":[38],"effects":[39],"such":[40,103],"as":[41,104],"absorption,":[42],"scattering":[43],"and":[44,78,115,130,133,139,149],"oceanic":[45,52,100],"turbulence":[46,53,93,101],"taken":[48],"into":[49],"account.":[50],"modelled":[55],"by":[56],"Gamma-Gamma":[58,92],"distribution.":[59],"first":[61],"time,":[62],"we":[63],"re-configurable":[65],"UOWSN":[66,148],"real":[69],"time":[70],"scenario":[71],"derived":[79],"novel":[81],"closed":[82],"form":[83],"analytical":[84],"BER":[85],"expressions":[86],"over":[91],"attenuation":[95],"effects.":[96],"impact":[98],"parameters":[102],"variations":[106],"temperature,":[108],"kinetic":[109],"energy,":[110],"viscosity,":[111],"salinity,":[112],"link":[113],"range":[114],"water":[117,128],"type":[118],"investigated":[123],"water,":[126],"mixed":[127],"(river":[129],"water)":[132],"water.":[135],"related":[141],"analysis":[142],"will":[143],"be":[144],"highly":[145],"useful":[146],"Internet":[151],"thing":[154],"(IoUT)":[155],"applications.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-10T08:33:47.465468","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}