{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3081460244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.3019347","title":"Automotive Battery Equalizers Based on Joint Switched-Capacitor and Buck-Boost Converters","display_name":"Automotive Battery Equalizers Based on Joint Switched-Capacitor and Buck-Boost Converters","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3081460244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.3019347","mag":"3081460244"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2020.3019347","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.3019347","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://publications.aston.ac.uk/id/eprint/41826/1/09177185.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075852451","display_name":"Kailong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3564-6966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kailong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["WMG, The University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3564-6966","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WMG, The University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065435984","display_name":"Zhile Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8580-534X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhile Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8580-534X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041752193","display_name":"Xiaopeng Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6151-4281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaopeng Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6151-4281","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079714506","display_name":"Wenping Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8133-3020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenping Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Anhui University, Hefei, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8133-3020","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Anhui University, Hefei, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4826,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95206594,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"11","first_page":"12716","last_page":"12724"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10018","display_name":"Advancements in Battery Materials","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.7783278226852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.699569582939148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equalization","display_name":"Equalization (audio)","score":0.6933022141456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.5397589802742004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-industry","display_name":"Automotive industry","score":0.5299932360649109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5287085771560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/switched-capacitor","display_name":"Switched capacitor","score":0.5256163477897644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.507733941078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4684106707572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductor","display_name":"Inductor","score":0.46294084191322327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equalizer","display_name":"Equalizer","score":0.45182156562805176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.4298568069934845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.425989031791687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.42384016513824463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buck-converter","display_name":"Buck converter","score":0.4206628203392029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.36813125014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1040986180305481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.07192954421043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.0695909857749939}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.7783278226852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.699569582939148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75755367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104531076","display_name":"Equalization (audio)","level":3,"score":0.6933022141456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.5397589802742004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.5299932360649109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5287085771560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103357873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q572656","display_name":"Switched capacitor","level":4,"score":0.5256163477897644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.507733941078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4684106707572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144534570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5325","display_name":"Inductor","level":3,"score":0.46294084191322327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67545415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5384218","display_name":"Equalizer","level":3,"score":0.45182156562805176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.4298568069934845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.425989031791687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.42384016513824463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150818752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83804","display_name":"Buck converter","level":3,"score":0.4206628203392029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.36813125014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1040986180305481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.07192954421043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0695909857749939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2020.3019347","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.3019347","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.aston.ac.uk:41826","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.aston.ac.uk/view/author/9a9f4370d2f9c7d804308e4bddc1633b.html>","pdf_url":"https://publications.aston.ac.uk/id/eprint/41826/1/09177185.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400483","display_name":"Aston Publications Explorer (Aston University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","host_organization_name":"Aston University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-107538","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://lbdiscover.ust.hk/uresolver?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rfr_id=info:sid/HKUST:SPI&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0018-9545&rft.volume=v. 69&rft.issue=(11)&rft.date=2020&rft.spage=12716&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=K.&rft.atitle=Automotive+Battery+Equalizers+Based+on+Joint+Switched-Capacitor+and+Buck-Boost+Converters&rft.title=IEEE+Transactions+on+Vehicular+Technology","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.ust.hk:1783.1-107538","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-107538","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:wrap.warwick.ac.uk:141238","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/141238/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400665","display_name":"Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","host_organization_name":"University of Warwick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.aston.ac.uk:41826","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.aston.ac.uk/view/author/9a9f4370d2f9c7d804308e4bddc1633b.html>","pdf_url":"https://publications.aston.ac.uk/id/eprint/41826/1/09177185.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400483","display_name":"Aston Publications Explorer (Aston University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","host_organization_name":"Aston University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5977940423","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"872001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G740452623","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/K008552/3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317150","display_name":"Faraday Institution","ror":"https://ror.org/05dt4bt98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3081460244.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3081460244.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1911052955","https://openalex.org/W1967186391","https://openalex.org/W1988884984","https://openalex.org/W2000137505","https://openalex.org/W2015600822","https://openalex.org/W2022304027","https://openalex.org/W2023184971","https://openalex.org/W2029744978","https://openalex.org/W2081428327","https://openalex.org/W2082017273","https://openalex.org/W2085208292","https://openalex.org/W2092272350","https://openalex.org/W2109731317","https://openalex.org/W2111865108","https://openalex.org/W2117791838","https://openalex.org/W2163764971","https://openalex.org/W2257715495","https://openalex.org/W2342400097","https://openalex.org/W2417461799","https://openalex.org/W2473372248","https://openalex.org/W2523623329","https://openalex.org/W2523686011","https://openalex.org/W2590722206","https://openalex.org/W2612318297","https://openalex.org/W2777204394","https://openalex.org/W2809318506","https://openalex.org/W2904850496","https://openalex.org/W2947926781","https://openalex.org/W2951975296","https://openalex.org/W2978202285","https://openalex.org/W2978449012","https://openalex.org/W2987539388","https://openalex.org/W2991427988","https://openalex.org/W3012222963"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2277948963","https://openalex.org/W2352178434","https://openalex.org/W2902075994","https://openalex.org/W2535355409","https://openalex.org/W2128297042","https://openalex.org/W2169332790","https://openalex.org/W3048189144","https://openalex.org/W2950272089","https://openalex.org/W2008561510","https://openalex.org/W1984561329"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"series":[1],"of":[2,20,37,49,89],"integrated":[3,129],"equalizers":[4,26],"based":[5],"on":[6],"joint":[7],"buck-boost":[8,92],"(BB)":[9],"and":[10,39,46,57,70,94,105,121],"switched-capacitor":[11,96],"(SC)":[12],"converters":[13],"are":[14,44,52],"proposed":[15,76],"for":[16,68,131],"balancing":[17,50,66,84,103],"the":[18,28,35,47,64,81,87,101,118],"voltages":[19,134],"series-connected":[21,72],"battery":[22,133],"packs.":[23],"All":[24],"these":[25],"realize":[27],"any-cells-to-any-cells":[29],"(AC2AC)":[30],"equalization":[31],"mode":[32],"without":[33],"increasing":[34],"count":[36],"MOSFETs":[38],"drivers.":[40],"Corresponding":[41],"operational":[42],"principles":[43],"analyzed":[45],"expressions":[48],"currents":[51],"derived":[53],"by":[54,59],"analytical":[55],"methods":[56],"verified":[58],"experimental":[60],"waveforms.":[61],"According":[62],"to":[63,100],"comparative":[65],"experiments":[67],"four":[69],"six":[71],"Li-ion":[73],"cells,":[74],"one":[75],"CBB-PCSC":[77,114],"equalizer,":[78],"which":[79],"achieves":[80],"dual":[82],"AC2AC":[83],"modes":[85],"through":[86],"integration":[88],"both":[90],"coupled":[91],"(CBB)":[93],"parallel-connected":[95],"(PCSC)":[97],"converters,":[98],"leads":[99],"highest":[102],"speed":[104],"efficiency.":[106],"Moreover,":[107],"compared":[108],"with":[109],"several":[110],"conventional":[111],"equalizers,":[112],"this":[113],"topology":[115,130],"also":[116],"has":[117],"compact":[119],"size":[120],"low":[122],"cost,":[123],"making":[124],"it":[125],"become":[126],"a":[127],"well-performing":[128],"automotive":[132],"equalization.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
