{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3025194039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.2993863","title":"Adaptive Switching Spatial-Temporal Fusion Detection for Remote Flying Drones","display_name":"Adaptive Switching Spatial-Temporal Fusion Detection for Remote Flying Drones","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3025194039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.2993863","mag":"3025194039"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2020.2993863","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.2993863","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102841104","display_name":"Jiayang Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5711-2351"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767838","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03a33a786","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767838","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiayang Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5711-2351","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391767838"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101403770","display_name":"Jin Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3371-6609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767838","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03a33a786","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767838","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3371-6609","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391767838"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100677470","display_name":"Junfeng Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7125-3748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767838","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03a33a786","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767838","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junfeng Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7125-3748","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391767838"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041940889","display_name":"Zhiguo Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9160-048X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiguo Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9160-048X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100726041","display_name":"Jiming Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3155-3145"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767838","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03a33a786","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767838","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiming Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3155-3145","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391767838"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0194,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87369476,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"7","first_page":"6964","last_page":"6976"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drone","display_name":"Drone","score":0.9111496806144714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6801923513412476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5735076665878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.554056704044342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.5358079671859741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5257012844085693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5206477046012878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuse","display_name":"Fuse (electrical)","score":0.47647854685783386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inter-frame","display_name":"Inter frame","score":0.44614851474761963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.42179811000823975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4102247953414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.32073092460632324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26559725403785706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10750752687454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reference-frame","display_name":"Reference frame","score":0.08925259113311768}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.9111496806144714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6801923513412476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5735076665878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.554056704044342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.5358079671859741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5257012844085693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5206477046012878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141353440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182221","display_name":"Fuse (electrical)","level":2,"score":0.47647854685783386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39394851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q921594","display_name":"Inter frame","level":4,"score":0.44614851474761963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.42179811000823975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4102247953414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32073092460632324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26559725403785706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10750752687454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172849965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3148875","display_name":"Reference frame","level":3,"score":0.08925259113311768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2020.2993863","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.2993863","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1173805650","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"K20200046","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G394443590","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61790571","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4025428080","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61772467","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557315467","https://openalex.org/W1928912497","https://openalex.org/W1970244581","https://openalex.org/W1974872009","https://openalex.org/W1978993121","https://openalex.org/W1987405870","https://openalex.org/W1988122332","https://openalex.org/W1996512514","https://openalex.org/W2010875673","https://openalex.org/W2053916725","https://openalex.org/W2058928435","https://openalex.org/W2062325015","https://openalex.org/W2068895870","https://openalex.org/W2079241389","https://openalex.org/W2102625004","https://openalex.org/W2117675177","https://openalex.org/W2118115006","https://openalex.org/W2124130551","https://openalex.org/W2127070222","https://openalex.org/W2146103513","https://openalex.org/W2156177012","https://openalex.org/W2157677694","https://openalex.org/W2166691113","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2288886961","https://openalex.org/W2336589871","https://openalex.org/W2338507060","https://openalex.org/W2570343428","https://openalex.org/W2573611252","https://openalex.org/W2616555170","https://openalex.org/W2753941074","https://openalex.org/W2765310706","https://openalex.org/W2783222607","https://openalex.org/W2793130599","https://openalex.org/W2796789676","https://openalex.org/W2811033732","https://openalex.org/W2894777979","https://openalex.org/W2897587419","https://openalex.org/W2963212638","https://openalex.org/W2993809815","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W6746472748"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229448053","https://openalex.org/W4327774218","https://openalex.org/W2059768187","https://openalex.org/W4247925126","https://openalex.org/W4312858960","https://openalex.org/W4386036939","https://openalex.org/W4379143281","https://openalex.org/W2291726614","https://openalex.org/W4247021036","https://openalex.org/W2144951891"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,209],"drone":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3],"applied":[4],"in":[5,65,120,129,184],"various":[6,232],"areas":[7],"due":[8],"to":[9,27,108,163,186,194,218],"its":[10],"small":[11],"size,":[12],"high":[13],"mobility":[14],"and":[15,31,45,79,87,100,114,131,152,167,206,224,231],"low":[16],"price.":[17],"However,":[18],"illegal":[19],"uses":[20],"of":[21,139,198,234],"drones":[22,64],"have":[23],"posed":[24],"huge":[25],"threats":[26],"both":[28,133,203],"public":[29],"safety":[30],"personal":[32],"privacy.":[33],"There":[34],"is":[35,182,216],"an":[36,54,157,177],"urgent":[37],"demand":[38],"for":[39,61,228],"technologies":[40],"that":[41,126,213],"can":[42,72],"timely":[43],"detect":[44],"counter":[46],"the":[47,66,74,77,85,124,127,137,140,165,188,196,219],"drones.":[48,235],"In":[49,192],"this":[50],"paper,":[51],"we":[52,155,201],"propose":[53],"adaptive":[55,158,170,178],"switching":[56,159,171],"spatial-temporal":[57,160,172],"fusion":[58,161],"detection":[59],"method":[60,99,105,215],"remote":[62],"flying":[63],"airspace":[67],"using":[68],"electrical-optical":[69],"cameras,":[70],"which":[71],"enhance":[73],"contrast":[75],"between":[76],"target":[78,142],"background":[80],"as":[81,83],"well":[82],"suppressing":[84],"noises":[86,151],"clutters":[88,153],"simultaneously.":[89],"For":[90],"each":[91],"incoming":[92],"video":[93],"frame,":[94],"a":[95,101],"dark-attentive":[96],"interframe":[97],"difference":[98],"row-column":[102],"separate":[103],"black-hat":[104],"are":[106],"proposed":[107],"generate":[109],"temporal":[110],"feature":[111,116,173],"maps":[112,117,174],"(TFM)":[113],"spatial":[115],"(SFM),":[118],"respectively,":[119],"parallel.":[121],"Inspired":[122],"by":[123],"phenomenon":[125],"features":[128],"TFMs":[130],"SFMs":[132,166],"go":[134],"strong":[135],"at":[136,147],"regions":[138,149],"intended":[141],"while":[143],"they":[144],"do":[145],"not":[146],"other":[148,220],"where":[150],"locate,":[154],"design":[156],"mechanism":[162,181],"fuse":[164],"TFMs,":[168],"generating":[169],"(ASSTFM).":[175],"Finally,":[176],"local":[179],"threshold":[180],"used":[183],"ASSTFMs":[185],"segment":[187],"targets":[189],"from":[190],"backgrounds.":[191],"order":[193],"validate":[195],"effectiveness":[197],"our":[199,214],"method,":[200],"conduct":[202],"offline":[204],"experiments":[205],"field":[207],"tests.":[208],"experiment":[210],"results":[211],"manifest":[212],"superior":[217],"seven":[221],"baseline":[222],"methods":[223],"works":[225],"more":[226],"stably":[227],"different":[229],"backgrounds":[230],"types":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}