{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3017027405","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.2987014","title":"Leveraging Dynamic Stackelberg Pricing Game for Multi-Mode Spectrum Sharing in 5G-VANET","display_name":"Leveraging Dynamic Stackelberg Pricing Game for Multi-Mode Spectrum Sharing in 5G-VANET","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3017027405","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.2987014","mag":"3017027405"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2020.2987014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.2987014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071419774","display_name":"Bo Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6964-220X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6964-220X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043286765","display_name":"Haibo Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6549-8917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haibo Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6549-8917","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113935204","display_name":"Ting Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0316-0475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0316-0475","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073847062","display_name":"Yunting Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6341-4698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunting Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6341-4698","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061464627","display_name":"Kai Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8118-7633"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8118-7633","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100773343","display_name":"Xuemin Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4140-287X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuemin Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4140-287X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007472881","display_name":"Fen Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2784-816X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fen Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of IoT for Smart City and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of IoT for Smart City and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Macau, Taipa, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498","https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3693,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93096097,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"6","first_page":"6374","last_page":"6387"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicular-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","score":0.7791187167167664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7499160170555115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stackelberg-competition","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","score":0.7222117781639099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underlay","display_name":"Underlay","score":0.7216413021087646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6401717662811279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5625318288803101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.4704512655735016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3824029266834259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.3363233804702759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.16997048258781433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1533045470714569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1385011076927185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192448918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682677","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","level":4,"score":0.7791187167167664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7499160170555115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199510392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184602","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","level":2,"score":0.7222117781639099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777679929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7883709","display_name":"Underlay","level":3,"score":0.7216413021087646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6401717662811279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5625318288803101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.4704512655735016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3824029266834259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.3363233804702759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.16997048258781433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1533045470714569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1385011076927185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2020.2987014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2020.2987014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G653517181","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u76845G\u53ef\u91cd\u6784\u8f66\u8054\u7f51\u7edc\u8d44\u6e90\u52a8\u6001\u7ba1\u7406\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61871211","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976658287","https://openalex.org/W1981151803","https://openalex.org/W1982698541","https://openalex.org/W1990557017","https://openalex.org/W1998704404","https://openalex.org/W2024934110","https://openalex.org/W2026026090","https://openalex.org/W2031046906","https://openalex.org/W2039688938","https://openalex.org/W2040921991","https://openalex.org/W2049655326","https://openalex.org/W2075453005","https://openalex.org/W2098105074","https://openalex.org/W2100209140","https://openalex.org/W2114005980","https://openalex.org/W2118540159","https://openalex.org/W2162598825","https://openalex.org/W2314452538","https://openalex.org/W2460379932","https://openalex.org/W2509469073","https://openalex.org/W2549271499","https://openalex.org/W2588581813","https://openalex.org/W2735764544","https://openalex.org/W2782360077","https://openalex.org/W2835708732","https://openalex.org/W2896473228","https://openalex.org/W2903709398","https://openalex.org/W2906647810","https://openalex.org/W2916025702","https://openalex.org/W2917929847","https://openalex.org/W2952896628","https://openalex.org/W2962988378","https://openalex.org/W2977191322"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027636740","https://openalex.org/W2053474224","https://openalex.org/W3017105299","https://openalex.org/W2783169577","https://openalex.org/W3040992693","https://openalex.org/W2062688728","https://openalex.org/W3158389024","https://openalex.org/W3111814448","https://openalex.org/W2485082337","https://openalex.org/W2061231656"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"5G":[0],"enabled":[1,104],"Vehicular":[2],"ad":[3],"hoc":[4],"network":[5,46,72,75,91,131],"(5G-VANET)":[6],"plays":[7],"a":[8,80,99,140],"promising":[9],"role":[10],"to":[11,63,69,84],"support":[12],"diverse":[13],"intelligent":[14],"transportation":[15],"system":[16],"(ITS)":[17],"applications.":[18],"There":[19],"are":[20],"three":[21],"types":[22],"of":[23,164,178],"communication":[24,137],"modes":[25,123,138],"in":[26,49,77,109,139],"5G-VANET:":[27],"cellular":[28,45,126],"mode,":[29,34],"reuse":[30],"mode":[31],"and":[32,54,90,129,143],"dedicated":[33,58],"i.e.,":[35],"vehicle":[36],"users":[37],"(VUEs)":[38],"communicate":[39],"with":[40,185],"each":[41],"other":[42],"using":[43],"the":[44,56,66,71,85,125,146,162,165,169,174,186],"spectrum":[47,68,106,121],"directly,":[48],"an":[50,115,149],"underlay":[51],"sharing":[52,107,122],"way,":[53],"utilizing":[55],"allocated":[57],"spectrum,":[59],"respectively.":[60],"However,":[61],"how":[62],"dynamically":[64,144],"share":[65],"multi-mode":[67,105],"optimize":[70],"performance":[73],"(i.e.,":[74],"throughput)":[76],"5G-VANET":[78],"is":[79],"challenging":[81],"task":[82],"due":[83],"high":[86],"dynamic":[87,100],"VANET":[88,179],"environment":[89],"resource":[92],"heterogeneity.":[93],"In":[94,111],"this":[95],"paper,":[96],"we":[97,113,160],"propose":[98],"Stackelberg":[101],"pricing":[102],"game":[103],"solution":[108],"5G-VANET.":[110],"specific,":[112],"develop":[114],"access":[116],"price":[117],"strategy":[118],"for":[119],"different":[120,154],"considering":[124],"BS's":[127],"revenue":[128],"whole":[130],"throughput,":[132],"while":[133],"VUEs":[134],"can":[135,172],"select":[136],"distributed":[141],"way":[142],"change":[145],"selections":[147],"through":[148],"evolutionary":[150],"game.":[151],"Through":[152],"testing":[153],"traffic":[155],"scenarios":[156],"generated":[157],"by":[158,180],"SUMO,":[159],"demonstrate":[161],"effectiveness":[163],"proposed":[166,170],"algorithm.":[167],"Specifically,":[168],"algorithm":[171],"improve":[173],"total":[175],"transmission":[176],"rate":[177],"at":[181],"least":[182],"20%":[183],"compared":[184],"random":[187],"selection":[188],"method.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
