{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2974124186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2019.2942091","title":"ABEP Evaluation of Spatial Modulation Communication Systems: Improved Analytical Framework","display_name":"ABEP Evaluation of Spatial Modulation Communication Systems: Improved Analytical Framework","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2974124186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2019.2942091","mag":"2974124186"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2019.2942091","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2019.2942091","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046389765","display_name":"Salim Abdelkareem Alkhawaldeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2537-3420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33926330","display_name":"Al-Balqa Applied University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qedmt22","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33926330"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salim Abdelkareem Alkhawaldeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communication Technology Engineering Department, Al-Balqa Applied University, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2537-3420","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication Technology Engineering Department, Al-Balqa Applied University, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33926330"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yazid M. Khattabi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6927-9212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114972647","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yazid M. Khattabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6927-9212","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6055,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69543327,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"11","first_page":"10991","last_page":"11002"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9855999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rician-fading","display_name":"Rician fading","score":0.7836198806762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.6535539031028748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.6478466987609863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.6373974084854126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.6211022138595581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-error-probability","display_name":"Pairwise error probability","score":0.6192023754119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.46715348958969116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.4637063145637512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.45162102580070496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4349178075790405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.4223117530345917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.41751429438591003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.380356103181839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3394206166267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2707447111606598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12316596508026123}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60472773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7331156","display_name":"Rician fading","level":4,"score":0.7836198806762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.6535539031028748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.6478466987609863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.6373974084854126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.6211022138595581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780839233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000284","display_name":"Pairwise error probability","level":4,"score":0.6192023754119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.46715348958969116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.4637063145637512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.45162102580070496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4349178075790405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.4223117530345917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41751429438591003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.380356103181839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3394206166267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2707447111606598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12316596508026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2019.2942091","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2019.2942091","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514516412","https://openalex.org/W1540403039","https://openalex.org/W1997834106","https://openalex.org/W2015102794","https://openalex.org/W2029150758","https://openalex.org/W2029262884","https://openalex.org/W2037364741","https://openalex.org/W2038325324","https://openalex.org/W2059955057","https://openalex.org/W2067922840","https://openalex.org/W2075296511","https://openalex.org/W2092364909","https://openalex.org/W2093932075","https://openalex.org/W2098929637","https://openalex.org/W2125669974","https://openalex.org/W2126072872","https://openalex.org/W2126423562","https://openalex.org/W2138258115","https://openalex.org/W2139179445","https://openalex.org/W2140666221","https://openalex.org/W2147584524","https://openalex.org/W2152670498","https://openalex.org/W2159339877","https://openalex.org/W2163504740","https://openalex.org/W2169605188","https://openalex.org/W2172081628","https://openalex.org/W2344065342","https://openalex.org/W2401284221","https://openalex.org/W2478209908","https://openalex.org/W2493309683","https://openalex.org/W2518783178","https://openalex.org/W2526778046","https://openalex.org/W2789811234","https://openalex.org/W2893616911","https://openalex.org/W2896012004","https://openalex.org/W2914479826","https://openalex.org/W2964028646","https://openalex.org/W2966954499","https://openalex.org/W3023553154","https://openalex.org/W3113221786","https://openalex.org/W4243696438"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2130460934","https://openalex.org/W1607978590","https://openalex.org/W2980109842","https://openalex.org/W2172055400","https://openalex.org/W1976249538","https://openalex.org/W3102122595","https://openalex.org/W2050950555","https://openalex.org/W2783554303","https://openalex.org/W3052336460","https://openalex.org/W1576013675"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Average":[0],"bit":[1],"error":[2,41],"probability":[3],"(ABEP)":[4],"performance":[5,32],"evaluation":[6],"of":[7,68,88,169],"spatial":[8],"modulation":[9,66,78,90],"(SM)":[10],"over":[11,215],"wireless":[12],"fading":[13,70,83,156],"channels":[14],"has":[15],"attracted":[16],"huge":[17],"interest":[18],"in":[19,52,100,106,163],"the":[20,24,37,69,135,142,167,170,177,201,208,216],"literature.":[21],"In":[22,86],"general,":[23],"core":[25],"step":[26],"to":[27,34,122,165,200],"analytically":[28],"evaluate":[29],"such":[30,95],"ABEP":[31],"is":[33],"theoretically":[35],"derive":[36],"associated":[38],"average":[39],"pairwise":[40],"probabilities":[42],"(average-PEPs).":[43],"However,":[44],"these":[45],"average-PEPs":[46,96,186],"have":[47],"been":[48],"derived":[49,98],"so":[50],"far":[51],"exact":[53,101,130,185],"and":[54,110,131,154,190],"closed-form":[55,107,132],"expressions":[56,104],"only":[57,80],"for":[58,81,134,176],"two":[59,159],"cases:":[60],"1)":[61],"SM":[62,74,136,146],"systems":[63,75],"with":[64,76,91,148],"real-valued":[65],"regardless":[67],"channel":[71,84],"type,":[72],"2)":[73],"complex-valued":[77,89],"but":[79,102,108],"Rayleigh":[82,93,153],"type.":[85],"case":[87],"non":[92],"fading,":[94],"were":[97],"either":[99],"integral-form":[103],"or":[105],"non-simplified":[109],"non-tight":[111],"approximate":[112,206],"expressions.":[113],"Thus,":[114],"here,":[115],"we":[116,173],"introduce":[117],"a":[118],"new":[119,129],"analytical":[120],"framework":[121,144,210],"fill":[123],"this":[124],"literature":[125,205],"gap":[126],"by":[127],"deriving":[128],"formulas":[133],"system's":[137],"average-PEPs.":[138],"We":[139],"first":[140],"apply":[141],"proposed":[143,171,209],"on":[145],"system":[147],"perfect":[149],"channel-state-information":[150],"(CSI)":[151],"considering":[152],"Rician":[155],"environments":[157],"as":[158,198],"separate":[160],"scenarios.":[161],"Then,":[162],"order":[164],"show":[166,196],"effectiveness":[168],"approach,":[172],"reapply":[174],"it":[175],"imperfect":[178],"CSI":[179],"estimation":[180],"scenario,":[181],"where":[182],"more":[183],"generic":[184],"are":[187,193],"derived.":[188],"Numerical":[189],"simulation":[191],"results":[192],"provided,":[194],"which":[195],"that,":[197],"compared":[199],"widely":[202],"adopted":[203],"conventional":[204],"method,":[207],"offers":[211],"much":[212],"better":[213],"accuracy":[214],"whole":[217],"signal-to-noise-ratio":[218],"(SNR)":[219],"region.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}