{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2915723902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2019.2901064","title":"Joint Base Station Activation and Coordinated Downlink Beamforming for HetNets: Efficient Optimal and Suboptimal Algorithms","display_name":"Joint Base Station Activation and Coordinated Downlink Beamforming for HetNets: Efficient Optimal and Suboptimal Algorithms","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2915723902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2019.2901064","mag":"2915723902"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2019.2901064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2019.2901064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027884647","display_name":"Siguo Bi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9509-3008"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siguo Bi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9509-3008","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056552635","display_name":"Zhaoxi Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8298-6720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1315279114","display_name":"Zhejiang Wanli University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rjdhd62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315279114"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoxi Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8298-6720","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1315279114"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063946480","display_name":"Xiaojun Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0433-6535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojun Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications (CINC), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0433-6535","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications (CINC), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2292-3845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2292-3845","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8173,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72498252,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"4","first_page":"3702","last_page":"3712"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8347086906433105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.7462345361709595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.6675382852554321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subgradient-method","display_name":"Subgradient method","score":0.6538814306259155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6177793145179749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5281403660774231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneous-network","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","score":0.5267048478126526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4579095244407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3889450430870056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.32166868448257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.19186002016067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17262303829193115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13970711827278137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8347086906433105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.7462345361709595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.6675382852554321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158968445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7631150","display_name":"Subgradient method","level":2,"score":0.6538814306259155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6177793145179749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5281403660774231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158207573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5747224","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","level":4,"score":0.5267048478126526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4579095244407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3889450430870056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.32166868448257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.19186002016067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17262303829193115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13970711827278137}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2019.2901064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2019.2901064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3635061979","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFB0403402","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G435830854","display_name":"\u7ed3\u5408\u667a\u80fd\u7535\u7f51\u6280\u672f\u7684\u534f\u540c\u901a\u4fe1\u8d44\u6e90\u4f18\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61671154","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W64867182","https://openalex.org/W797708412","https://openalex.org/W1409984952","https://openalex.org/W1611058640","https://openalex.org/W1895955945","https://openalex.org/W1928152501","https://openalex.org/W1976922185","https://openalex.org/W1996215314","https://openalex.org/W2044121814","https://openalex.org/W2050201442","https://openalex.org/W2056916045","https://openalex.org/W2061962896","https://openalex.org/W2079587612","https://openalex.org/W2092353007","https://openalex.org/W2093631020","https://openalex.org/W2098563066","https://openalex.org/W2108662631","https://openalex.org/W2109005286","https://openalex.org/W2109800347","https://openalex.org/W2110838621","https://openalex.org/W2111135554","https://openalex.org/W2118356983","https://openalex.org/W2124637062","https://openalex.org/W2131350052","https://openalex.org/W2131822606","https://openalex.org/W2136530738","https://openalex.org/W2140214428","https://openalex.org/W2171978813","https://openalex.org/W2288679634","https://openalex.org/W2329681656","https://openalex.org/W2344456107","https://openalex.org/W2402293753","https://openalex.org/W2509457832","https://openalex.org/W2602726343","https://openalex.org/W2604140441","https://openalex.org/W2624972364","https://openalex.org/W2749515407","https://openalex.org/W2809232290","https://openalex.org/W2963666254","https://openalex.org/W2964195206","https://openalex.org/W3101496318","https://openalex.org/W4250589301"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4365807906","https://openalex.org/W2157864637","https://openalex.org/W4223416141","https://openalex.org/W2546639359","https://openalex.org/W1922070205","https://openalex.org/W2962922943","https://openalex.org/W2613807087","https://openalex.org/W2921549278","https://openalex.org/W3046102531","https://openalex.org/W2038093983"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"cellular":[1],"heterogeneous":[2],"networks":[3],"(HetNets),":[4],"a":[5,36,49,80],"number":[6],"of":[7,48,70],"distributed":[8],"base":[9],"stations":[10],"cooperatively":[11],"provide":[12],"services":[13],"to":[14,42,62,86,100],"multiple":[15],"mobile":[16],"users.":[17],"This":[18],"paper":[19],"addresses":[20],"joint":[21],"base-station":[22],"activation":[23],"and":[24,111],"coordinated":[25,112],"beamforming":[26,106,113],"design":[27],"for":[28,67,114],"downlink":[29],"transmission":[30],"in":[31,91],"HetNets.":[32],"To":[33],"this":[34],"end,":[35],"mixed":[37],"integer":[38],"program":[39],"is":[40,58,83],"formulated":[41],"optimize":[43],"the":[44,64,68],"total":[45],"power":[46],"consumption":[47],"HetNet.":[50],"A":[51],"novel":[52],"approach":[53],"based":[54],"on":[55,76],"Benders'":[56],"decomposition":[57],"then":[59],"put":[60],"forth":[61],"obtain":[63],"optimal":[65],"solution":[66,90],"problem":[69],"interest":[71],"with":[72],"guaranteed":[73],"convergence.":[74],"Building":[75],"our":[77],"new":[78],"formulation,":[79],"dual-subgradient":[81],"algorithm":[82],"also":[84],"proposed":[85,95],"find":[87],"an":[88],"approximate":[89],"polynomial":[92],"time.":[93],"The":[94],"approaches":[96],"can":[97],"be":[98],"generalized":[99],"more":[101],"general":[102],"setups,":[103],"including":[104],"robust":[105],"designs":[107],"under":[108],"channel":[109],"uncertainty,":[110],"multi-cell":[115],"scenarios.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}