{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2901155658","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2018.2877136","title":"Physical-Layer Security for Mixed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\eta$</tex-math> </inline-formula>\u2013<inline-formula> <tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mu$</tex-math> </inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mathcal {M}$</tex-math> </inline-formula>-Distribution Dual-Hop RF/FSO Systems","display_name":"Physical-Layer Security for Mixed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\eta$</tex-math> </inline-formula>\u2013<inline-formula> <tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mu$</tex-math> </inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mathcal {M}$</tex-math> </inline-formula>-Distribution Dual-Hop RF/FSO Systems","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-11-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2901155658","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2018.2877136","mag":"2901155658"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2018.2877136","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2018.2877136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015729753","display_name":"Liang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6576-332X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6576-332X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037334182","display_name":"Ting Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7505-1919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7505-1919","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007082205","display_name":"Jianchao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0024-8618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianchao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0024-8618","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083193286","display_name":"Mohamed\u2010Slim Alouini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-1793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed-Slim Alouini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-1793","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015729753"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3202,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94921957,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"12","first_page":"12427","last_page":"12431"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.7564272880554199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eavesdropping","display_name":"Eavesdropping","score":0.7011058926582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.668405294418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.604658842086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.5708231925964355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4521231949329376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.43498483300209045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3838478922843933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.327391654253006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3237186670303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.2535320222377777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2213294506072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.21659743785858154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21403324604034424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.10419479012489319}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.7564272880554199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776788033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320769","display_name":"Eavesdropping","level":2,"score":0.7011058926582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.668405294418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.604658842086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.5708231925964355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4521231949329376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.43498483300209045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3838478922843933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.327391654253006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3237186670303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.2535320222377777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2213294506072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.21659743785858154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21403324604034424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.10419479012489319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2018.2877136","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2018.2877136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.kaust.edu.sa:10754/629957","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10754/629957","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401596","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","host_organization_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4806238581","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016KZDXM050","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326279","funder_display_name":"Department of Education of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6579013691","display_name":"FSO\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u5176\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61671160","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7018311553","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018D01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324856","funder_display_name":"Southeast University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G899378763","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018D01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336270","funder_display_name":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324856","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326279","display_name":"Department of Education of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336270","display_name":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491247725","https://openalex.org/W1505562276","https://openalex.org/W1608227167","https://openalex.org/W1982892759","https://openalex.org/W2007609359","https://openalex.org/W2024267771","https://openalex.org/W2028869430","https://openalex.org/W2031230704","https://openalex.org/W2072482394","https://openalex.org/W2075640156","https://openalex.org/W2090960347","https://openalex.org/W2112277396","https://openalex.org/W2120827491","https://openalex.org/W2128482304","https://openalex.org/W2128830419","https://openalex.org/W2143802392","https://openalex.org/W2156214717","https://openalex.org/W2161694611","https://openalex.org/W2399724898","https://openalex.org/W2610496367","https://openalex.org/W2726806793","https://openalex.org/W2782779428","https://openalex.org/W2900901824","https://openalex.org/W3008609509","https://openalex.org/W3104534813"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2765236478","https://openalex.org/W3026705917","https://openalex.org/W2516026999","https://openalex.org/W2155410265","https://openalex.org/W2769689807","https://openalex.org/W3121990887","https://openalex.org/W3166880716","https://openalex.org/W2959329152","https://openalex.org/W2904430835","https://openalex.org/W4360996312"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"correspondence,":[2],"we":[3,27,62],"investigate":[4],"the":[5,31,35,39,55,68,73],"physical-layer":[6],"security":[7],"of":[8],"a":[9],"mixed":[10],"radio":[11],"frequency/free":[12],"space":[13],"optical":[14,40],"(RF/FSO)":[15],"dual-hop":[16],"communication":[17],"system":[18],"for":[19,67],"both":[20],"fixed-and":[21],"variable-gain":[22],"relaying":[23],"schemes.":[24],"More":[25],"specifically,":[26],"only":[28],"assume":[29,46],"that":[30,47],"eavesdropping":[32],"happens":[33],"at":[34],"RF":[36,49],"link":[37,41,57],"because":[38],"has":[42],"high":[43],"security.":[44],"We":[45],"all":[48],"channels":[50],"suffer":[51],"from":[52],"\u03b7-\u03bcfading,":[53],"while":[54],"FSO":[56],"experiences":[58],"M-distributed":[59],"fading.":[60],"Then,":[61],"derive":[63],"some":[64],"analytical":[65],"results":[66],"average":[69],"secrecy":[70,74],"rate":[71],"and":[72],"outage":[75],"probability.":[76]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-06T09:05:17.133730","created_date":"2018-11-29T00:00:00"}