{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2234862916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2016.2582785","title":"Energy-Efficient Scheduling for mmWave Backhauling of Small Cells in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks","display_name":"Energy-Efficient Scheduling for mmWave Backhauling of Small Cells in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2234862916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2016.2582785","mag":"2234862916"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2016.2582785","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2016.2582785","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002187290","display_name":"Yong Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7278-5527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yong Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory on Microwave and Digital Communications, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory on Microwave and Digital Communications, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045511121","display_name":"Chuhan Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5443-5590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuhan Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory on Microwave and Digital Communications, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory on Microwave and Digital Communications, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100355277","display_name":"Yong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5617-1659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory on Microwave and Digital Communications, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory on Microwave and Digital Communications, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101527758","display_name":"Li Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7264-6333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory on Microwave and Digital Communications, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory on Microwave and Digital Communications, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044100655","display_name":"Depeng Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0419-5514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Depeng Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory on Microwave and Digital Communications, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory on Microwave and Digital Communications, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101856966","display_name":"Yun Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2433-5051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001469325","display_name":"Dapeng Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1755-0183"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dapeng Oliver Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002187290"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.5771,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":125,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98834271,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"3","first_page":"2674","last_page":"2687"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backhaul","display_name":"Backhaul (telecommunications)","score":0.8687143325805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6635816693305969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6225852370262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-control","display_name":"Power control","score":0.6176576614379883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5894913673400879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5784586668014526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5627843737602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5563200116157532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.5362526774406433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5047942399978638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5044475793838501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.4382106065750122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-cell","display_name":"Small cell","score":0.4222556948661804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3769657611846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23982247710227966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.1849251687526703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17893725633621216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.12000888586044312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103760667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798444","display_name":"Backhaul (telecommunications)","level":3,"score":0.8687143325805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6635816693305969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6225852370262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56685638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2300474","display_name":"Power control","level":3,"score":0.6176576614379883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5894913673400879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5784586668014526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5627843737602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5563200116157532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.5362526774406433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5047942399978638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5044475793838501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.4382106065750122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179655311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7543020","display_name":"Small cell","level":3,"score":0.4222556948661804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3769657611846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23982247710227966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.1849251687526703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17893725633621216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12000888586044312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2016.2582785","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2016.2582785","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1845223141","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61231013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3464654857","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61529101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3776396284","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ECCS-1509212","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1531742154","https://openalex.org/W1861245749","https://openalex.org/W1976017510","https://openalex.org/W1980823728","https://openalex.org/W1981661761","https://openalex.org/W1984114931","https://openalex.org/W1997920321","https://openalex.org/W2009505753","https://openalex.org/W2040644879","https://openalex.org/W2040921991","https://openalex.org/W2042822440","https://openalex.org/W2045797271","https://openalex.org/W2049205301","https://openalex.org/W2061964713","https://openalex.org/W2064603612","https://openalex.org/W2075648490","https://openalex.org/W2083241806","https://openalex.org/W2084592718","https://openalex.org/W2086372483","https://openalex.org/W2097395379","https://openalex.org/W2106341192","https://openalex.org/W2118060203","https://openalex.org/W2127172809","https://openalex.org/W2127284383","https://openalex.org/W2127473510","https://openalex.org/W2138696817","https://openalex.org/W2148188024","https://openalex.org/W2154075755","https://openalex.org/W2157725608","https://openalex.org/W2162629264","https://openalex.org/W2162844094","https://openalex.org/W2163250008","https://openalex.org/W2166021179","https://openalex.org/W2166486216","https://openalex.org/W6639085950","https://openalex.org/W6661343132","https://openalex.org/W6663003483","https://openalex.org/W6672080405"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984184009","https://openalex.org/W2951015761","https://openalex.org/W3010715985","https://openalex.org/W4214916998","https://openalex.org/W2075774919","https://openalex.org/W2188391530","https://openalex.org/W2129675977","https://openalex.org/W2541601719","https://openalex.org/W2003892785","https://openalex.org/W1510659114"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Heterogeneous":[0],"cellular":[1],"networks":[2],"(HCNs)":[3],"are":[4],"emerging":[5],"as":[6,158,160],"a":[7,115],"promising":[8],"candidate":[9],"for":[10,94],"the":[11,25,36,51,100,104,134,142,150,161,164,179,192,195,205],"fifth-generation":[12],"(5G)":[13],"mobile":[14],"network.":[15],"With":[16,42],"base":[17],"stations":[18],"(BSs)":[19],"of":[20,35,45,61,102,133,163,182,187,194],"small":[21],"cells":[22],"densely":[23],"deployed,":[24],"cost-effective,":[26],"flexible,":[27],"and":[28,39,75,111,126,141,174,190,204],"green":[29],"backhaul":[30,49,68],"solution":[31,93],"has":[32],"become":[33],"one":[34],"most":[37],"urgent":[38],"critical":[40],"challenges.":[41],"vast":[43],"amounts":[44],"spectrum":[46],"available,":[47],"wireless":[48],"in":[50,185],"millimeter-wave":[52],"(mmWave)":[53],"band":[54],"is":[55],"able":[56],"to":[57,71,85],"provide":[58],"transmission":[59,109,207],"rates":[60],"several":[62],"gigabits":[63],"per":[64],"second.":[65],"The":[66],"mmWave":[67,95,128],"utilizes":[69],"beamforming":[70],"achieve":[72,90],"directional":[73],"transmission,":[74],"concurrent":[76,108],"transmissions":[77],"under":[78,170,198],"low":[79],"interlink":[80],"interference":[81,165,196],"can":[82],"be":[83],"enabled":[84],"improve":[86],"network":[87],"capacity.":[88],"To":[89],"an":[91,124],"energy-efficient":[92,125],"backhauling,":[96],"we":[97,122,177],"first":[98],"formulate":[99],"problem":[101],"minimizing":[103],"energy":[105,156,188],"consumption":[106],"via":[107],"scheduling":[110,139],"power":[112,143],"control":[113,144],"into":[114],"mixed":[116],"integer":[117],"nonlinear":[118],"program":[119],"(MINLP).":[120],"Then,":[121],"develop":[123],"practical":[127],"backhauling":[129],"scheme,":[130],"which":[131],"consists":[132],"maximum":[135,206],"independent":[136],"set":[137],"(MIS)-based":[138],"algorithm":[140],"algorithm.":[145],"We":[146],"also":[147],"theoretically":[148],"analyze":[149,191],"conditions":[151],"that":[152],"our":[153,183],"scheme":[154,184],"reduces":[155],"consumption,":[157],"well":[159],"choice":[162,193],"threshold.":[166],"Through":[167],"extensive":[168],"simulations":[169],"various":[171],"traffic":[172,200],"patterns":[173],"system":[175],"parameters,":[176],"demonstrate":[178],"superior":[180],"performance":[181],"terms":[186],"efficiency":[189],"threshold":[197],"different":[199],"loads,":[201],"BS":[202],"distributions,":[203],"power.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
