{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2342476653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2015.2502321","title":"<i>iStep</i>: A Step-Aware Sampling Approach for Diffusion Profiling in Mobile Sensor Networks","display_name":"<i>iStep</i>: A Step-Aware Sampling Approach for Diffusion Profiling in Mobile Sensor Networks","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2342476653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2015.2502321","mag":"2342476653"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2015.2502321","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2015.2502321","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062643597","display_name":"Chaocan Xiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1473-6006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52604927","display_name":"PLA Army Service Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/02syyrn67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52604927"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chaocan Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Logistic Engineering University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Logistic Engineering University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52604927"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087967463","display_name":"Panlong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1057-2793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panlong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014702906","display_name":"Xuangou Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuangou Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Anhui Technology, Anhui, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Anhui Technology, Anhui, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100669548","display_name":"Hong He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8545-1123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52604927","display_name":"PLA Army Service Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/02syyrn67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52604927"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Logistic Engineering University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Logistic Engineering University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52604927"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101934392","display_name":"Baowei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6764-5941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baowei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070071735","display_name":"Yunhao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9508-3520"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunhao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["MOE Key Laboratory for Information System Security, School of Software, Tsinghua University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MOE Key Laboratory for Information System Security, School of Software, Tsinghua University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062643597"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52604927"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1973,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61808024,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"10","first_page":"8616","last_page":"8628"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.982200026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profiling","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","score":0.7119836807250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5991292595863342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5591903924942017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.4899519979953766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.48362839221954346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.4100510776042938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33190280199050903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2816774249076843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10538563132286072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.09979745745658875}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187191949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138496","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.7119836807250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5991292595863342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5591903924942017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.4899519979953766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.48362839221954346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.4100510776042938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33190280199050903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2816774249076843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10538563132286072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.09979745745658875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2015.2502321","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2015.2502321","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2596279138","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1405254","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3310871515","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1436786","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337391","funder_display_name":"Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3988263087","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20150030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5554074596","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61402009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G564973960","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61232016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6755323168","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61272487","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7159415382","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61173136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7802675265","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61232018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8403682924","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61190114","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8541539729","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61502520","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337391","display_name":"Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/028yd4c30"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W590836531","https://openalex.org/W1562548584","https://openalex.org/W1652628003","https://openalex.org/W1975340900","https://openalex.org/W1995875503","https://openalex.org/W2048600308","https://openalex.org/W2068782468","https://openalex.org/W2077367033","https://openalex.org/W2083537896","https://openalex.org/W2093332960","https://openalex.org/W2098398657","https://openalex.org/W2101440216","https://openalex.org/W2110670509","https://openalex.org/W2110996334","https://openalex.org/W2123811769","https://openalex.org/W2128657437","https://openalex.org/W2131052843","https://openalex.org/W2131824593","https://openalex.org/W2132698126","https://openalex.org/W2135926153","https://openalex.org/W2135951541","https://openalex.org/W2143070689","https://openalex.org/W2149119325","https://openalex.org/W2149755721","https://openalex.org/W2157633675","https://openalex.org/W2160828669","https://openalex.org/W2171074980","https://openalex.org/W2171873103","https://openalex.org/W2263562411","https://openalex.org/W2328405110","https://openalex.org/W2478708596","https://openalex.org/W2747444690","https://openalex.org/W3003506411","https://openalex.org/W6679608865","https://openalex.org/W6693027903","https://openalex.org/W7073710283"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2589019771","https://openalex.org/W2985540061","https://openalex.org/W4287867321","https://openalex.org/W2104014222","https://openalex.org/W3006062179","https://openalex.org/W2150718212","https://openalex.org/W3027381315","https://openalex.org/W2083272146","https://openalex.org/W2153465672","https://openalex.org/W2989915292"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,48],"investigate":[1],"the":[2,12,16,32,41,45,66,71,75,93,98,101,105,111,116,128,146,150,156,163,179,185,193,205,211],"mission-critical":[3],"diffusion":[4,46],"profiling":[5,61,68],"problem":[6,27],"in":[7,63,78,145,169],"mobile":[8,102],"sensor":[9,38],"networks,":[10],"where":[11,153],"energy":[13],"cost":[14],"and":[15,40,92,104,160,192],"time":[17],"delay":[18],"are":[19],"constrained.":[20],"Previous":[21],"studies":[22],"fail":[23],"to":[24,31,190,198,204],"solve":[25],"this":[26,120],"well":[28,109],"enough":[29],"due":[30],"extremely":[33],"large":[34],"searching":[35],"spaces":[36],"for":[37],"measurements":[39],"dynamic":[42],"evolutions":[43],"during":[44,81],"process.":[47,69],"propose":[49,123],"a":[50,86],"step-aware":[51,129],"spatiotemporal":[52],"sampling":[53,79,90,130],"approach,":[54,152,181,207],"which":[55,143,208],"is":[56,137,144,155,162],"called":[57],"iStep,":[58],"achieving":[59],"near-optimal":[60,212],"precision":[62,187,195],"terms":[64],"of":[65,74,115,135,149,158,166,214],"overall":[67],"Leveraging":[70],"upper":[72],"bound":[73],"deviation":[76],"value":[77],"position":[80],"each":[82,170],"iteration,":[83],"we":[84,122],"build":[85],"comprehensive":[87],"model":[88],"between":[89,100],"interval":[91,113],"current":[94],"state":[95],"parameters,":[96],"including":[97],"distances":[99],"sensors":[103],"pollution":[106],"source,":[107],"as":[108,110],"confidence":[112],"radius":[114],"source.":[117],"Building":[118],"upon":[119],"model,":[121],"an":[124],"algorithm":[125],"on":[126],"computing":[127],"interval.":[131],"The":[132],"computational":[133],"complexity":[134],"iStep":[136,182],"O(NS":[138],"<sup":[139],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[140],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[141],"),":[142],"same":[147],"order":[148],"radial":[151,180],"N":[154],"number":[157,165],"sensors,":[159],"S":[161],"total":[164],"movement":[167],"steps":[168],"iteration.":[171],"Extensive":[172],"simulation":[173],"results":[174],"show":[175],"that,":[176],"compared":[177],"with":[178],"can":[183],"improve":[184],"average":[186],"by":[188,196],"up":[189,197],"56.8%":[191],"worst":[194],"59.1%.":[199],"Moreover,":[200],"it":[201],"performs":[202],"closely":[203],"brute-force":[206],"potentially":[209],"verifies":[210],"character":[213],"iStep.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}