{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2320187025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2015.2417810","title":"CESP: A Low-Power High-Accuracy Time Synchronization Protocol","display_name":"CESP: A Low-Power High-Accuracy Time Synchronization Protocol","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-03-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2320187025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2015.2417810","mag":"2320187025"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2015.2417810","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2015.2417810","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043724974","display_name":"Fengyuan Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7981-467X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengyuan Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048272917","display_name":"Mihail L. Sichitiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5186-842X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mihail L. Sichitiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0775,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9576519,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"4","first_page":"2387","last_page":"2396"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.978600025177002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11125","display_name":"Petri Nets in System Modeling","score":0.9711999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.8092433214187622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7145566344261169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.7048678994178772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-synchronization","display_name":"Data synchronization","score":0.6348588466644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6126236319541931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5245847105979919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.5145799517631531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-time-protocol","display_name":"Network Time Protocol","score":0.48564186692237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4803829789161682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.4774473309516907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4673697352409363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.42567330598831177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-synchronization","display_name":"Clock synchronization","score":0.4185033440589905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3271676301956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-synchronization","display_name":"Time synchronization","score":0.3205088675022125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17243605852127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.07106322050094604}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.8092433214187622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7145566344261169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.7048678994178772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108734733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172333","display_name":"Data synchronization","level":3,"score":0.6348588466644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6126236319541931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5245847105979919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.5145799517631531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178148046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217491","display_name":"Network Time Protocol","level":3,"score":0.48564186692237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4803829789161682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.4774473309516907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4673697352409363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.42567330598831177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129891060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513059","display_name":"Clock synchronization","level":4,"score":0.4185033440589905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3271676301956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986737936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058791","display_name":"Time synchronization","level":2,"score":0.3205088675022125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17243605852127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.07106322050094604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2015.2417810","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2015.2417810","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1606919837","https://openalex.org/W1965355442","https://openalex.org/W1979014233","https://openalex.org/W1986805195","https://openalex.org/W1996410343","https://openalex.org/W2003321974","https://openalex.org/W2043686474","https://openalex.org/W2045525586","https://openalex.org/W2046306310","https://openalex.org/W2073595756","https://openalex.org/W2079417888","https://openalex.org/W2094636498","https://openalex.org/W2096716342","https://openalex.org/W2097079799","https://openalex.org/W2104532741","https://openalex.org/W2105666891","https://openalex.org/W2108631737","https://openalex.org/W2116646999","https://openalex.org/W2117520883","https://openalex.org/W2122690764","https://openalex.org/W2123217581","https://openalex.org/W2124411500","https://openalex.org/W2132823273","https://openalex.org/W2133276417","https://openalex.org/W2143229717","https://openalex.org/W2146316402","https://openalex.org/W2146971820","https://openalex.org/W2159219540","https://openalex.org/W2168452204","https://openalex.org/W2171436899","https://openalex.org/W2283715726","https://openalex.org/W2734451155","https://openalex.org/W2746505796","https://openalex.org/W4243443630","https://openalex.org/W4245685877","https://openalex.org/W6641687768","https://openalex.org/W6674214069","https://openalex.org/W6681833188","https://openalex.org/W6685024719"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1913784304","https://openalex.org/W2255329889","https://openalex.org/W2143367814","https://openalex.org/W2554644185","https://openalex.org/W2141534191","https://openalex.org/W2382485549","https://openalex.org/W2389285338","https://openalex.org/W2380596500","https://openalex.org/W2376241016","https://openalex.org/W1988584558"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Time":[0],"synchronization":[1,19,34,41,54,60,82,90,158,161,175],"is":[2],"a":[3,39,99,113,138,149],"fundamental":[4],"problem":[5],"in":[6,112],"any":[7],"distributed":[8,22],"system.":[9],"In":[10,119],"particular,":[11],"wireless":[12],"sensor":[13,26],"networks":[14],"(WSNs)":[15],"require":[16],"scalable":[17],"time":[18],"for":[20,73],"implementing":[21],"tasks":[23],"on":[24,38,57,102],"multiple":[25],"nodes.":[27],"We":[28],"propose":[29],"an":[30],"energy-efficient":[31],"coefficient":[32],"exchange":[33,148],"protocol":[35,79,92],"(CESP)":[36],"based":[37],"receiver-receiver":[40],"scheme,":[42],"which":[43],"minimizes":[44],"the":[45,52,59,64,86,155],"impact":[46],"of":[47,51,66,141,152,172],"access-time":[48],"delays.":[49],"Most":[50],"existing":[53],"protocols":[55,176],"focus":[56],"improving":[58],"accuracy":[61,83],"by":[62],"assuming":[63],"availability":[65],"packet-level":[67,95],"timestamping":[68,96],"and":[69,145,163,168],"with":[70,98,170],"little":[71],"concern":[72],"power":[74,108,164],"consumption.":[75,109],"The":[76,160],"proposed":[77],"time-synchronization":[78],"achieves":[80],"high":[81],"similar":[84],"to":[85,105,121],"classic":[87],"reference":[88],"broadcast":[89],"(RBS)":[91],"without":[93],"requiring":[94],"but":[97],"significant":[100],"reduction":[101],"communication":[103],"overhead":[104],"achieve":[106],"low":[107],"CESP":[110,134],"works":[111],"fundamentally":[114],"different":[115],"way":[116],"from":[117],"RBS:":[118],"order":[120],"synchronize":[122],"two":[123,131,156],"receivers,":[124,132],"RBS":[125],"exchanges":[126],"all":[127],"beacon":[128,143],"packets":[129,144],"between":[130,154],"whereas":[133],"receivers":[135],"first":[136],"process":[137],"large":[139],"number":[140],"received":[142],"only":[146],"then":[147],"small":[150],"amount":[151],"information":[153],"receivers:":[157],"coefficients.":[159],"performance":[162],"consumption":[165],"are":[166],"evaluated":[167],"compared":[169],"that":[171],"other":[173],"well-known":[174],"through":[177],"experimental":[178],"results.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
