{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2038023881","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2015.2407614","title":"Simulation-Based Testing and Evaluation Tools for Transportation Cyber\u2013Physical Systems","display_name":"Simulation-Based Testing and Evaluation Tools for Transportation Cyber\u2013Physical Systems","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-02-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2038023881","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2015.2407614","mag":"2038023881"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2015.2407614","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2015.2407614","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101802512","display_name":"Yunfei Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9443-4026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63190737","display_name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01y64my43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yunfei Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038223804","display_name":"Yunjie Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5256-9456"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunjie Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Here, a Nokia business, Chicago, IL, USA","Nokia Bus., Chicago, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Here, a Nokia business, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bus., Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113541304","display_name":"Aditya Wagh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72509657","display_name":"Epic Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/029z3g861","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72509657"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aditya Wagh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Epic System Corporation, Madison, WI, USA","Epic Systems Corporation, Madison, WI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Epic System Corporation, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72509657"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Epic Systems Corporation, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72509657"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115595266","display_name":"Longfei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6086-2270"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63190737","display_name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01y64my43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Longfei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100728176","display_name":"Chunming Qiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4679-6572"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63190737","display_name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01y64my43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunming Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020961853","display_name":"K.F. Hulme","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0018-0235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63190737","display_name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01y64my43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin F. Hulme","raw_affiliation_strings":["University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039999574","display_name":"Changxu Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0134-2171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63190737","display_name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01y64my43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changxu Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035431016","display_name":"Adel W. Sadek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-0047"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63190737","display_name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01y64my43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adel W. Sadek","raw_affiliation_strings":["University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101560082","display_name":"Xuejie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8648-084X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuejie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jilin University, Changchun, China","Jilin University,Changchun,China)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jilin University,Changchun,China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101802512"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7756,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86398662,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"3","first_page":"1098","last_page":"1108"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9749000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.6018097400665283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.523478627204895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.4828663170337677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modeling-and-simulation","display_name":"Modeling and simulation","score":0.4468124508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mainstream","display_name":"Mainstream","score":0.43484634160995483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4331270754337311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4180455207824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.37831443548202515}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.6018097400665283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.523478627204895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.4828663170337677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167343916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888384","display_name":"Modeling and simulation","level":2,"score":0.4468124508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777617010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18957","display_name":"Mainstream","level":2,"score":0.43484634160995483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4331270754337311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4180455207824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.37831443548202515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2015.2407614","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2015.2407614","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2740876689","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CHS-1422396","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3681389036","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSFC-61228207","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G534641388","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1035733","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307791","display_name":"Cisco Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/03yt1ez60"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W131475864","https://openalex.org/W604908983","https://openalex.org/W642003551","https://openalex.org/W1573966862","https://openalex.org/W1580107170","https://openalex.org/W1869778509","https://openalex.org/W1984734456","https://openalex.org/W1994876488","https://openalex.org/W1997250778","https://openalex.org/W2003351102","https://openalex.org/W2008082561","https://openalex.org/W2012482204","https://openalex.org/W2020474129","https://openalex.org/W2028331920","https://openalex.org/W2031052493","https://openalex.org/W2032160020","https://openalex.org/W2033144570","https://openalex.org/W2044126668","https://openalex.org/W2058800975","https://openalex.org/W2060067830","https://openalex.org/W2062789233","https://openalex.org/W2063515306","https://openalex.org/W2068283841","https://openalex.org/W2075334487","https://openalex.org/W2079348373","https://openalex.org/W2082414281","https://openalex.org/W2086895508","https://openalex.org/W2087144394","https://openalex.org/W2087340523","https://openalex.org/W2087788820","https://openalex.org/W2088621713","https://openalex.org/W2090321073","https://openalex.org/W2091400818","https://openalex.org/W2099016843","https://openalex.org/W2100606804","https://openalex.org/W2112525087","https://openalex.org/W2117427344","https://openalex.org/W2121105987","https://openalex.org/W2121965361","https://openalex.org/W2123427425","https://openalex.org/W2124356437","https://openalex.org/W2134530465","https://openalex.org/W2138510836","https://openalex.org/W2149697529","https://openalex.org/W2155367755","https://openalex.org/W2158696087","https://openalex.org/W2162433887","https://openalex.org/W2170548555","https://openalex.org/W2294873008","https://openalex.org/W4247112608","https://openalex.org/W6618437360","https://openalex.org/W6634499944","https://openalex.org/W6674945019","https://openalex.org/W6676474364","https://openalex.org/W6677895006"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1583826057","https://openalex.org/W2377237701","https://openalex.org/W2360099860","https://openalex.org/W4323893170","https://openalex.org/W2352463596","https://openalex.org/W2380850119","https://openalex.org/W2101450440","https://openalex.org/W2383675217","https://openalex.org/W3166131749","https://openalex.org/W2375505868"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Transportation":[0],"cyber-physical":[1],"systems":[2],"(TCPSs)":[3],"require":[4],"simulation-based":[5],"testing":[6],"and":[7,28,38,99,111],"evaluation":[8],"due":[9],"to":[10,79],"the":[11,20,81],"prohibitive":[12],"cost":[13],"of":[14,23,51,70,76,84,113],"building":[15],"realistic":[16],"test":[17],"beds.":[18],"Given":[19],"transdisciplinary":[21],"nature":[22],"TCPSs,":[24],"various":[25],"simulation":[26,52,93,128],"models":[27,94],"frameworks":[29],"have":[30,46,65],"been":[31],"proposed":[32],"in":[33,43,96,102],"civil":[34],"engineering,":[35],"computer":[36],"science,":[37],"related":[39],"fields.":[40],"Traditionally,":[41],"researchers":[42],"different":[44],"areas":[45],"developed":[47],"their":[48],"own":[49],"set":[50],"tools,":[53],"which":[54],"provide":[55],"limited":[56],"capability":[57],"for":[58,130],"TCPS":[59,103,131],"research.":[60,104,132],"In":[61,86],"recent":[62],"years,":[63],"we":[64,89,106,120],"witnessed":[66],"a":[67],"growing":[68],"interest":[69],"combining":[71],"two":[72],"or":[73],"more":[74],"features":[75],"traditional":[77],"simulators":[78],"capture":[80],"unique":[82,109],"characteristics":[83],"TCPSs.":[85],"this":[87],"paper,":[88],"describe":[90],"several":[91],"mainstream":[92],"used":[95],"transportation,":[97],"communication,":[98],"human-factor":[100],"studies":[101],"Moreover,":[105],"present":[107],"our":[108],"design":[110],"implementation":[112],"an":[114],"integrated":[115],"traffic-driving-network":[116],"simulator":[117],"(ITDNS).":[118],"Finally,":[119],"discuss":[121],"future":[122],"enhancements":[123],"that":[124],"will":[125],"promote":[126],"best":[127],"practices":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}