{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2050775543","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2013.2290035","title":"Effective Monitoring of Freeloading User in the Presence of Active User in Cognitive Radio Networks","display_name":"Effective Monitoring of Freeloading User in the Presence of Active User in Cognitive Radio Networks","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2050775543","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2013.2290035","mag":"2050775543"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2013.2290035","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2013.2290035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066071482","display_name":"Francesco Benedetto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9203-1642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Benedetto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing for Telecommunications and Economics Laboratory, Third University of Rome, Rome, Italy","[Signal Processing for Telecommunications and Economics Laboratory, Third University of Rome, Rome, Italy]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing for Telecommunications and Economics Laboratory, Third University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Signal Processing for Telecommunications and Economics Laboratory, Third University of Rome, Rome, Italy]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010157748","display_name":"Gaetano Giunta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1514-2576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Giunta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing for Telecommunications and Economics Laboratory, Third University of Rome, Rome, Italy","[Signal Processing for Telecommunications and Economics Laboratory, Third University of Rome, Rome, Italy]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing for Telecommunications and Economics Laboratory, Third University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Signal Processing for Telecommunications and Economics Laboratory, Third University of Rome, Rome, Italy]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045856915","display_name":"E. Guzzon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Guzzon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing for Telecommunications and Economics Laboratory, Third University of Rome, Rome, Italy","[Signal Processing for Telecommunications and Economics Laboratory, Third University of Rome, Rome, Italy]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing for Telecommunications and Economics Laboratory, Third University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Signal Processing for Telecommunications and Economics Laboratory, Third University of Rome, Rome, Italy]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013533865","display_name":"Markku Renfors","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1548-6851"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Renfors","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland","Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0181,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91956449,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"5","first_page":"2443","last_page":"2450"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.9287877678871155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-alarm","display_name":"False alarm","score":0.7096992135047913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6035715937614441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5684125423431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5216760635375977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant-false-alarm-rate","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","score":0.5118104815483093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-power","display_name":"Statistical power","score":0.48541030287742615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.4451509714126587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detection-theory","display_name":"Detection theory","score":0.41469237208366394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.39409324526786804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3806604743003845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.32974299788475037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2761877179145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2473752498626709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18804499506950378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.15244898200035095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1259753704071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.10041314363479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08796969056129456}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.9287877678871155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776836416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364844","display_name":"False alarm","level":2,"score":0.7096992135047913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6035715937614441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5684125423431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5216760635375977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77052588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644307","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","level":2,"score":0.5118104815483093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96608239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199823","display_name":"Statistical power","level":2,"score":0.48541030287742615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.4451509714126587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137270730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120811","display_name":"Detection theory","level":3,"score":0.41469237208366394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.39409324526786804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3806604743003845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.32974299788475037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2761877179145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2473752498626709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18804499506950378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.15244898200035095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1259753704071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.10041314363479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08796969056129456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2013.2290035","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2013.2290035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma3.it:11590/134899","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11590/134899","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196120","display_name":"Iris (Roma Tre University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119003972","host_organization_name":"Roma Tre University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529729626","https://openalex.org/W1945674169","https://openalex.org/W1974770980","https://openalex.org/W1982901501","https://openalex.org/W2016454887","https://openalex.org/W2031211320","https://openalex.org/W2047448995","https://openalex.org/W2048029725","https://openalex.org/W2049471758","https://openalex.org/W2056684006","https://openalex.org/W2071707134","https://openalex.org/W2072897797","https://openalex.org/W2073979289","https://openalex.org/W2084608995","https://openalex.org/W2089173757","https://openalex.org/W2100595907","https://openalex.org/W2100814173","https://openalex.org/W2101840010","https://openalex.org/W2102096248","https://openalex.org/W2105491959","https://openalex.org/W2107561590","https://openalex.org/W2114543235","https://openalex.org/W2119137700","https://openalex.org/W2123228469","https://openalex.org/W2131271526","https://openalex.org/W2133344563","https://openalex.org/W2135512801","https://openalex.org/W2140962647","https://openalex.org/W2146914418","https://openalex.org/W2149255982","https://openalex.org/W2152938076","https://openalex.org/W2153620960","https://openalex.org/W2167230435","https://openalex.org/W2168078104","https://openalex.org/W2170425678","https://openalex.org/W2544016737","https://openalex.org/W4256335044","https://openalex.org/W6728854471"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2181410425","https://openalex.org/W2051888740","https://openalex.org/W2382279859","https://openalex.org/W2046691252","https://openalex.org/W3203708548","https://openalex.org/W2132580384","https://openalex.org/W2384472869","https://openalex.org/W2349411638","https://openalex.org/W2388242297","https://openalex.org/W2532958441"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"cognitive":[1],"networks,":[2],"primary":[3,51],"and":[4,8,66,88],"secondary":[5],"users":[6],"(PUs":[7],"SUs)":[9],"share":[10],"the":[11,41,45,58,84,89,96,99],"radio":[12,38],"resource":[13],"according":[14],"to":[15,24,29],"fair":[16],"regulations.":[17],"The":[18,55,69,93],"goal":[19],"of":[20,47,57,71,82,98],"this":[21],"paper":[22],"is":[23,61,73],"introduce":[25],"a":[26,80],"new":[27,100],"method":[28],"detect":[30],"an":[31,48],"unfair":[32],"user":[33],"(freeloader)":[34],"that":[35],"hides":[36],"its":[37],"signal":[39,86],"under":[40],"noise":[42,91],"floor":[43],"in":[44,103],"presence":[46],"active":[49,85],"(either":[50],"or":[52],"secondary)":[53],"user.":[54],"performance":[56],"proposed":[59],"technique":[60],"evaluated":[62],"by":[63],"theoretical":[64],"analysis":[65],"computer":[67],"simulations.":[68],"probability":[70],"detection":[72],"expressed,":[74],"for":[75],"constant":[76],"false-alarm":[77],"rates,":[78],"as":[79],"function":[81],"both":[83],"power":[87],"background":[90],"variance.":[92],"results":[94],"show":[95],"effectiveness":[97],"monitoring":[101],"algorithm":[102],"several":[104],"operating":[105],"cases.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}