{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2132656641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2013.2262104","title":"Robust Far-End Channel Estimation in Three-Node Amplify-and-Forward MIMO Relay Systems","display_name":"Robust Far-End Channel Estimation in Three-Node Amplify-and-Forward MIMO Relay Systems","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2132656641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2013.2262104","mag":"2132656641"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2013.2262104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2013.2262104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008433666","display_name":"Fan-Shuo Tseng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-5121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142974352","display_name":"National Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mjawt10","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fan-Shuo Tseng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","Institute of Communication Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communication Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090028379","display_name":"Wan-Jen Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3423-0408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142974352","display_name":"National Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mjawt10","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wan-Jen Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","Institute of Communication Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communication Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084663385","display_name":"Wen-Rong Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8333-7124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142974352","display_name":"National Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mjawt10","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Rong Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","Institute of Communication Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communication Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008433666"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3495,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94966161,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"8","first_page":"3752","last_page":"3766"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.817753791809082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/karush\u2013kuhn\u2013tucker-conditions","display_name":"Karush\u2013Kuhn\u2013Tucker conditions","score":0.6684380173683167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.665852427482605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.6426931619644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay-channel","display_name":"Relay channel","score":0.6212027668952942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.597978413105011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5520992279052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5183402299880981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.44159871339797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convex-optimization","display_name":"Convex optimization","score":0.43734872341156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.43538475036621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.4334617257118225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4029802680015564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.38188275694847107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3174183964729309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2595568895339966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.25513720512390137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18695861101150513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-polygon","display_name":"Regular polygon","score":0.1800517439842224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.1016080379486084}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.817753791809082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50454189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2075125","display_name":"Karush\u2013Kuhn\u2013Tucker conditions","level":2,"score":0.6684380173683167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.665852427482605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.6426931619644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46257984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310895","display_name":"Relay channel","level":4,"score":0.6212027668952942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.597978413105011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5520992279052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5183402299880981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.44159871339797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157972887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463359","display_name":"Convex optimization","level":3,"score":0.43734872341156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.43538475036621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.4334617257118225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4029802680015564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.38188275694847107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3174183964729309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2595568895339966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.25513720512390137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18695861101150513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112680207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q714886","display_name":"Regular polygon","level":2,"score":0.1800517439842224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.1016080379486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2013.2262104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2013.2262104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2009790887","https://openalex.org/W2025889675","https://openalex.org/W2034771294","https://openalex.org/W2034988893","https://openalex.org/W2063253842","https://openalex.org/W2076084861","https://openalex.org/W2086984327","https://openalex.org/W2092640771","https://openalex.org/W2097938368","https://openalex.org/W2098061185","https://openalex.org/W2101123461","https://openalex.org/W2103276485","https://openalex.org/W2106801259","https://openalex.org/W2111613063","https://openalex.org/W2112507157","https://openalex.org/W2113026489","https://openalex.org/W2113157322","https://openalex.org/W2113271807","https://openalex.org/W2119280464","https://openalex.org/W2120103401","https://openalex.org/W2120406684","https://openalex.org/W2120449325","https://openalex.org/W2120840652","https://openalex.org/W2125668934","https://openalex.org/W2127817398","https://openalex.org/W2129900378","https://openalex.org/W2130134073","https://openalex.org/W2133338231","https://openalex.org/W2135815859","https://openalex.org/W2138986198","https://openalex.org/W2139991056","https://openalex.org/W2140849781","https://openalex.org/W2142141276","https://openalex.org/W2144866696","https://openalex.org/W2148046981","https://openalex.org/W2149237351","https://openalex.org/W2149501491","https://openalex.org/W2149520755","https://openalex.org/W2152121970","https://openalex.org/W2162333907","https://openalex.org/W2168784354","https://openalex.org/W2170843504","https://openalex.org/W3148198191","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4300029251"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116541631","https://openalex.org/W2167568384","https://openalex.org/W2514205366","https://openalex.org/W3173074004","https://openalex.org/W1976511355","https://openalex.org/W1976249538","https://openalex.org/W2544668827","https://openalex.org/W2082469387","https://openalex.org/W1985632843","https://openalex.org/W1965566556"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,24,44],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,176],"study":[4],"a":[5,11,60,95,139,191,196],"far-end":[6],"channel":[7,76,86,166],"estimation":[8,18],"problem":[9,126,164],"in":[10,21,87,146],"three-node":[12],"multiple-input-multiple-output":[13],"(MIMO)":[14],"relay":[15,34,54],"system.":[16],"The":[17,70,114],"is":[19,127,131,159],"accomplished":[20],"two":[22],"phases.":[23],"the":[25,28,33,38,41,45,48,53,56,64,68,74,79,83,88,99,107,125,143,147,153,156,162,173,184],"first":[26,89],"phase,":[27,47],"source":[29,49,101],"node":[30],"keeps":[31],"silence,":[32],"transmits":[35,50],"pilots,":[36,51],"and":[37,52,62,82,103,130,195],"destination":[39,71],"estimates":[40,73],"relay-to-destination":[42,85],"channel.":[43],"second":[46],"amplifies":[55],"received":[57,80],"pilots":[58,66,102],"with":[59,106],"precoder":[61],"forwards":[63],"resultant":[65],"to":[67,93,133,161,190],"destination.":[69],"then":[72,136],"source-to-relay":[75],"based":[77],"on":[78],"signals":[81],"estimated":[84],"phase.":[90],"We":[91,135,150],"aim":[92],"conduct":[94],"robust":[96],"design":[97,115],"deriving":[98],"optimum":[100,179],"precoding":[104],"matrix":[105],"minimum":[108],"mean":[109],"square":[110],"error":[111],"(MMSE)":[112],"criterion.":[113],"can":[116,177,187,199],"be":[117,188,200],"easily":[118],"formulated":[119],"as":[120],"an":[121],"optimization":[122,148,154,186],"problem;":[123],"however,":[124],"not":[128],"convex":[129],"difficult":[132],"solve.":[134],"propose":[137],"using":[138],"lower":[140,157],"bound":[141,158],"of":[142,155],"objective":[144],"function":[145],"problem.":[149],"show":[151,207],"that":[152,183,208],"equivalent":[160],"original":[163],"when":[165],"correlation":[167,174],"matrices":[168],"have":[169],"certain":[170],"structures.":[171],"With":[172],"matrices,":[175],"derive":[178],"pilot":[180],"structures":[181],"so":[182],"proposed":[185,210],"transferred":[189],"scalar-valued":[192],"concave":[193],"optimization,":[194],"closed-form":[197],"solution":[198],"obtained":[201],"via":[202],"Karush-Kuhn-Tucker":[203],"(KKT)":[204],"conditions.":[205],"Simulations":[206],"our":[209],"method":[211],"outperforms":[212],"existing":[213],"nonrobust":[214],"methods.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
