{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2041637774","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2012.2227859","title":"A Unified Disk Scattering Model and Its Angle-of-Departure and Time-of-Arrival Statistics","display_name":"A Unified Disk Scattering Model and Its Angle-of-Departure and Time-of-Arrival Statistics","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2041637774","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2012.2227859","mag":"2041637774"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2012.2227859","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2012.2227859","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090321590","display_name":"Alireza Borhani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4068-4526"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200650556","display_name":"University of Agder","ror":"https://ror.org/03x297z98","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alireza Borhani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway","[Fac. of Eng. & Sci., Univ. of Agder, Grimstad, Norway]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Fac. of Eng. & Sci., Univ. of Agder, Grimstad, Norway]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042473673","display_name":"Matthias P\u00e4tzold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6859-5413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200650556","display_name":"University of Agder","ror":"https://ror.org/03x297z98","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Patzold","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway","[Fac. of Eng. & Sci., Univ. of Agder, Grimstad, Norway]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Fac. of Eng. & Sci., Univ. of Agder, Grimstad, Norway]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0856,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91714099,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"2","first_page":"473","last_page":"485"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.8440642356872559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-density-function","display_name":"Probability density function","score":0.6526845097541809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5065072774887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.46272602677345276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angle-of-arrival","display_name":"Angle of arrival","score":0.4461362659931183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.43506360054016113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-scatter","display_name":"Forward scatter","score":0.42392468452453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38821637630462646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-physics","display_name":"Computational physics","score":0.35580986738204956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.3452121913433075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.33025264739990234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3039746880531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.22611793875694275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21768227219581604}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.8440642356872559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.6526845097541809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5065072774887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.46272602677345276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13545353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4763363","display_name":"Angle of arrival","level":3,"score":0.4461362659931183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.43506360054016113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54644633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5473287","display_name":"Forward scatter","level":3,"score":0.42392468452453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38821637630462646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.35580986738204956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.3452121913433075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.33025264739990234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3039746880531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.22611793875694275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21768227219581604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2012.2227859","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2012.2227859","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313897","display_name":"University of Dar es Salaam","ror":"https://ror.org/0479aed98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327214","display_name":"Shahed University","ror":"https://ror.org/01e8ff003"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488400466","https://openalex.org/W1539944742","https://openalex.org/W1851206520","https://openalex.org/W1972485395","https://openalex.org/W1983168319","https://openalex.org/W1998307490","https://openalex.org/W2010587354","https://openalex.org/W2034288195","https://openalex.org/W2045233998","https://openalex.org/W2053162971","https://openalex.org/W2080927857","https://openalex.org/W2091696547","https://openalex.org/W2095262324","https://openalex.org/W2099633374","https://openalex.org/W2104810923","https://openalex.org/W2106368746","https://openalex.org/W2113024521","https://openalex.org/W2115181873","https://openalex.org/W2118145576","https://openalex.org/W2122956291","https://openalex.org/W2126781312","https://openalex.org/W2144726878","https://openalex.org/W2149743051","https://openalex.org/W2152487627","https://openalex.org/W2154029318","https://openalex.org/W2156281891","https://openalex.org/W2159135730","https://openalex.org/W2161405861","https://openalex.org/W2164521751","https://openalex.org/W2164887629","https://openalex.org/W2170738062","https://openalex.org/W2497016966","https://openalex.org/W2547801298"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2545735024","https://openalex.org/W2124375045","https://openalex.org/W2914452281","https://openalex.org/W2090377787","https://openalex.org/W2284203912","https://openalex.org/W2062651026","https://openalex.org/W2072210675","https://openalex.org/W2467420220","https://openalex.org/W1983922298","https://openalex.org/W2003840964"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,16,40,54,92,111,118],"novel":[4],"probability":[5],"density":[6,113,120],"function":[7],"(PDF)":[8],"for":[9,196],"the":[10,20,31,59,62,65,80,115,123,127,134,139,143,149,153,160,170,180,189,197,206],"distribution":[11,60],"of":[12,42,61,95,107,126,136,142,152,199],"local":[13,108],"scatterers":[14,109],"inside":[15],"disk":[17,33,128],"centered":[18],"on":[19],"mobile":[21],"station":[22],"(MS).":[23],"The":[24,191],"new":[25],"scattering":[26,34,46,71,86,102,211],"model":[27,35,193],"is":[28,172,194],"introduced":[29],"as":[30,37,76],"unified":[32],"(UDSM),":[36],"it":[38],"unifies":[39],"variety":[41],"typical":[43],"circularly":[44],"symmetric":[45],"models":[47,72,87,186],"into":[48],"one":[49],"simple":[50],"model.":[51],"By":[52],"adjusting":[53],"designated":[55],"shape":[56],"factor":[57],"controlling":[58],"scatterers,":[63],"both":[64],"uniform":[66,69,84],"circular":[67],"and":[68,83,145,148,155],"ring":[70],"can":[73,88,129],"be":[74,89,131],"obtained":[75],"special":[77],"cases.":[78],"Furthermore,":[79],"original":[81],"Gaussian":[82],"hollow-disk":[85],"approximated":[90],"with":[91],"high":[93,112,119],"level":[94],"accuracy.":[96],"In":[97],"addition":[98],"to":[99,117,122,204],"these":[100],"established":[101],"models,":[103],"any":[104],"continuous":[105],"concentrations":[106],"from":[110],"near":[114],"MS":[116],"close":[121],"outer":[124],"edge":[125],"also":[130],"achieved.":[132],"Under":[133],"assumption":[135],"single-bounce":[137],"scattering,":[138],"joint":[140,150],"PDF":[141,151],"angle-of-departure":[144],"angle-of-arrival":[146],"(AoA)":[147],"time-of-arrival":[154],"AoA":[156],"are":[157,164],"derived.":[158],"Subsequently,":[159],"corresponding":[161],"marginal":[162],"PDFs":[163],"provided":[165],"in":[166,188],"closed":[167],"form.":[168],"Finally,":[169],"UDSM":[171,181],"validated":[173],"by":[174],"several":[175,183],"measured":[176],"channels,":[177],"showing":[178],"that":[179],"outperforms":[182],"other":[184],"geometric":[185],"proposed":[187,192],"literature.":[190],"useful":[195],"designers":[198],"cutting-edge":[200],"vehicular":[201],"communication":[202],"technologies":[203],"study":[205],"system":[207],"performance":[208],"under":[209],"different":[210],"conditions.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}