{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010867273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2012.2197769","title":"Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks With Noncoherent Transmission","display_name":"Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks With Noncoherent Transmission","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010867273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2012.2197769","mag":"2010867273"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2012.2197769","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2012.2197769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048559663","display_name":"Simin Bokharaiee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46247651","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simin Bokharaiee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MAN, Canada","[Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng, Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MAN, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng, Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100635655","display_name":"Ha H. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6481-0422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32625721","display_name":"University of Saskatchewan","ror":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ha H. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada","[Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108187336","display_name":"E. Shwedyk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46247651","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ed Shwedyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MAN, Canada","[Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng, Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MAN, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng, Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0173,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87745965,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"6","first_page":"2476","last_page":"2489"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.9092055559158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.6156945824623108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.6056603193283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5864904522895813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion-rules","display_name":"Fusion rules","score":0.5682632923126221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keying","display_name":"Keying","score":0.5622323751449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5205255746841431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5118900537490845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5040732622146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion-center","display_name":"Fusion center","score":0.4999535083770752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-shift-keying","display_name":"Frequency-shift keying","score":0.4761916697025299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.44601136445999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.4345409870147705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.42315003275871277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.415807843208313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.403422474861145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3631730079650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25013190507888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.22476935386657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1545756757259369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13877129554748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07408741116523743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.066948801279068}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.9092055559158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.6156945824623108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.6056603193283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5864904522895813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778971668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5510284","display_name":"Fusion rules","level":4,"score":0.5682632923126221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.5622323751449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5205255746841431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5118900537490845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5040732622146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781234732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q943505","display_name":"Fusion center","level":4,"score":0.4999535083770752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163996819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1166054","display_name":"Frequency-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.4761916697025299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.44601136445999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.4345409870147705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.42315003275871277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.415807843208313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.403422474861145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3631730079650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25013190507888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.22476935386657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1545756757259369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13877129554748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07408741116523743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.066948801279068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69744172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860822","display_name":"Image fusion","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvt.2012.2197769","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2012.2197769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10936095","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","issn_l":"0018-9545","issn":["0018-9545","1939-9359"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W391578156","https://openalex.org/W614168053","https://openalex.org/W1979348504","https://openalex.org/W2031211320","https://openalex.org/W2069292411","https://openalex.org/W2084436032","https://openalex.org/W2106673869","https://openalex.org/W2109669601","https://openalex.org/W2110357973","https://openalex.org/W2110567841","https://openalex.org/W2117233216","https://openalex.org/W2119058356","https://openalex.org/W2121110264","https://openalex.org/W2135479785","https://openalex.org/W2141860157","https://openalex.org/W2152173384","https://openalex.org/W2155747423","https://openalex.org/W2155999145","https://openalex.org/W2156043963","https://openalex.org/W2158434347","https://openalex.org/W2163599171","https://openalex.org/W2165202277","https://openalex.org/W2170524206","https://openalex.org/W2610857016","https://openalex.org/W3133603318","https://openalex.org/W4250431399"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4318262267","https://openalex.org/W2896758959","https://openalex.org/W2085013543","https://openalex.org/W2518228005","https://openalex.org/W4294642751","https://openalex.org/W1556853708","https://openalex.org/W2536442929","https://openalex.org/W2100627208","https://openalex.org/W2130267323","https://openalex.org/W2775066065"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,29],"problem":[1],"of":[2,54,100,131,148,177,207],"decision":[3,48],"fusion":[4,26,108,134,165,170,195],"for":[5,45,188],"cooperative":[6],"spectrum":[7,32],"sensing":[8,33,138],"in":[9,63],"cognitive":[10],"radio":[11],"(CR)":[12],"networks":[13],"is":[14,159,186],"studied":[15],"when":[16,172],"fading":[17],"channels":[18,180],"are":[19,88,110,140,181],"present":[20],"between":[21],"the":[22,25,43,50,55,60,72,92,96,101,114,118,123,125,129,132,137,144,149,155,163,168,173,178,184,192,205],"CRs":[23,30],"and":[24,37,83,106,121,136],"center":[27],"(FC).":[28],"perform":[31],"using":[34],"energy":[35],"detection":[36,115],"transmit":[38,91],"their":[39],"binary":[40,84,93],"decisions":[41,94],"to":[42,70,90,95,142],"FC":[44],"a":[46,208],"final":[47],"on":[49],"absence":[51],"or":[52],"presence":[53],"primary":[56],"user":[57],"activity.":[58],"Considering":[59],"limited":[61],"resources":[62],"CR":[64,119,150],"networks,":[65],"which":[66],"makes":[67],"it":[68],"difficult":[69],"acquire":[71],"instantaneous":[73],"channel-state":[74],"information,":[75],"noncoherent":[76],"transmission":[77,102,210],"schemes":[78,103],"with":[79],"on-off":[80],"keying":[81,86],"(OOK)":[82],"frequency-shift":[85],"(BFSK)":[87],"employed":[89],"FC.":[97],"For":[98,191],"each":[99],"considered,":[104],"energy-":[105],"decoding-based":[107,169],"rules":[109],"developed":[111],"first.":[112],"Then,":[113],"threshold":[116],"at":[117,122,204],"nodes":[120],"FC,":[124],"combining":[126],"weights":[127],"(in":[128],"case":[130],"energy-based":[133,164,194],"rule),":[135],"time":[139],"optimized":[141],"maximize":[143],"achievable":[145],"secondary":[146,200],"throughput":[147,201],"network.":[151],"Simulation":[152],"results":[153],"verify":[154],"theoretical":[156],"analysis.":[157],"It":[158],"also":[160],"shown":[161],"that":[162],"rule":[166,171],"outperforms":[167],"signal-to-noise":[174],"ratios":[175],"(SNRs)":[176],"reporting":[179],"low,":[182],"whereas":[183],"opposite":[185],"true":[187],"high":[189],"SNRs.":[190],"simpler":[193],"rule,":[196],"BFSK":[197],"achieves":[198],"higher":[199],"than":[202],"OOK,":[203],"expense":[206],"larger":[209],"bandwidth.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}