{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130717341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2026.3662289","title":"PoSyn: Secure Power Side-Channel Aware Synthesis","display_name":"PoSyn: Secure Power Side-Channel Aware Synthesis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130717341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2026.3662289"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2026.3662289","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2026.3662289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037916895","display_name":"Amisha Srivastava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9231-6331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162577319","display_name":"The University of Texas at Dallas","ror":"https://ror.org/049emcs32","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amisha Srivastava","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECE Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9231-6331","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162577319"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070647511","display_name":"Samit Shahnawaz Miftah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165799507","display_name":"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01rtyzb94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165799507"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samit S. Miftah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7533-376X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165799507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029552683","display_name":"Hyunmin Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1549-9277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087059","display_name":"Technology Innovation Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/001kv2y39","country_code":"AE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087059"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyunmin Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technology Innovation Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1549-9277","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technology Innovation Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087059"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072879381","display_name":"Debjit Pal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3722-5126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debjit Pal","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECE Department, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3722-5126","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238","https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066320524","display_name":"Kanad Basu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6431-7512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165799507","display_name":"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01rtyzb94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165799507"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kanad Basu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6431-7512","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165799507"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.5563,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98259046,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"4","first_page":"1355","last_page":"1368"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9513000249862671,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9513000249862671,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.033399999141693115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.007400000002235174,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.6905999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-analysis","display_name":"Power analysis","score":0.599399983882904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.4586000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-synthesis","display_name":"Logic synthesis","score":0.45190000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/masking","display_name":"Masking (illustration)","score":0.4383000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-cell","display_name":"Standard cell","score":0.43209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boolean-function","display_name":"Boolean function","score":0.3955000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.36550000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.3569999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7107999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.6905999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71743495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2845210","display_name":"Power analysis","level":3,"score":0.599399983882904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4586000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157922185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173198","display_name":"Logic synthesis","level":3,"score":0.45190000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6783436","display_name":"Masking (illustration)","level":2,"score":0.4383000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78401558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q464496","display_name":"Standard cell","level":3,"score":0.43209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4131999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187455244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942353","display_name":"Boolean function","level":2,"score":0.3955000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3815000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.36550000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39217717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432354","display_name":"Hardware security module","level":3,"score":0.3506999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3361999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.3255999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34854456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1484552","display_name":"Register-transfer level","level":4,"score":0.322299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.31940001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.3190999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45872418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318966","display_name":"Dynamic demand","level":3,"score":0.310699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46331935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4651362","display_name":"AES implementations","level":4,"score":0.3012000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.29760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15927051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q246593","display_name":"Cryptographic primitive","level":4,"score":0.2890999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74524168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074539","display_name":"Integrated circuit design","level":2,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779201187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2775060","display_name":"Information leakage","level":2,"score":0.2667999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10418432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q560370","display_name":"AND gate","level":3,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49289754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267081","display_name":"Side channel attack","level":3,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100767440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705816","display_name":"Test vector","level":3,"score":0.25519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134765980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q879126","display_name":"Bitwise operation","level":2,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38369872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445009","display_name":"Security analysis","level":2,"score":0.25279998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2026.3662289","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2026.3662289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Power":[0],"side-channel":[1,50],"(PSC)":[2],"attacks":[3],"exploit":[4],"power":[5,189,194],"consumption":[6],"patterns":[7],"to":[8,14,37,60,83,90,138,221,241],"extract":[9],"sensitive":[10],"information,":[11],"posing":[12],"risks":[13],"cryptographic":[15,62,157,268],"operations":[16],"crucial":[17],"for":[18,187],"secure":[19],"systems.":[20],"Traditional":[21],"countermeasures,":[22],"such":[23,224],"as":[24,198,200,225,249,251],"masking,":[25],"face":[26],"challenges":[27],"like":[28,167],"complex":[29],"synthesis":[30,52,57],"integration,":[31],"high":[32],"area":[33,246,274],"overhead,":[34],"and":[35,107,163,169,174,192,202,227,275],"vulnerability":[36],"optimization":[38],"removal":[39],"during":[40,118],"logic":[41,56],"synthesis.":[42],"To":[43],"address":[44],"these":[45],"issues,":[46],"we":[47,112],"introduce":[48],"proposed":[49],"aware":[51],"(PoSyn),":[53],"a":[54,96,154,181,237],"novel":[55],"framework":[58],"designed":[59],"enhance":[61],"hardware\u2019s":[63],"resistance":[64],"against":[65,147],"PSC":[66,92,148],"attacks.":[67],"Our":[68,177],"approach":[69],"focuses":[70],"on":[71,153,273],"the":[72,87,104,108,115,119,130,213,233,262],"optimal":[73],"bipartite":[74],"mapping":[75,116],"of":[76,121,156,184,264],"vulnerable":[77],"register":[78],"transfer":[79],"level":[80],"(RTL)":[81],"components":[82],"standard":[84,109,125],"cells":[85],"from":[86,103],"technology":[88],"library":[89],"minimize":[91,139],"leakage.":[93,218],"By":[94],"employing":[95],"cost":[97],"function":[98],"that":[99,212],"integrates":[100],"key":[101],"characteristics":[102],"RTL":[105,122],"design":[106,131],"cell":[110,126],"library,":[111],"strategically":[113],"modify":[114],"criteria":[117],"conversion":[120],"designs":[123],"into":[124],"netlists":[127,215],"without":[128],"altering":[129],"functionality.":[132],"Furthermore,":[133,205],"PoSyn":[134,150,229,265],"is":[135,151],"theoretically":[136],"shown":[137],"mutual":[140],"information":[141],"leakage,":[142],"further":[143],"reinforcing":[144],"its":[145],"security":[146],"vulnerabilities.":[149],"evaluated":[152],"variety":[155],"hardware,":[158],"including":[159],"AES,":[160],"RSA,":[161],"PRESENT,":[162],"postquantum":[164],"cryptography":[165],"algorithms":[166],"Saber":[168],"CRYSTALS-Kyber":[170],"across":[171],"65-,":[172],"45-,":[173],"15-nm":[175],"nodes.":[176],"experimental":[178],"results":[179,260],"demonstrate":[180],"significant":[182],"reduction":[183,238],"success":[185,234],"rates":[186],"differential":[188],"analysis":[190,195],"(DPA)":[191],"correlation":[193],"(CPA)":[196],"attacks,":[197],"low":[199],"3%":[201],"6%,":[203],"respectively.":[204],"test":[206],"vector":[207],"leakage":[208],"assessment":[209],"(TVLA)":[210],"confirms":[211],"synthesized":[214],"exhibit":[216],"negligible":[217],"Moreover,":[219],"compared":[220],"traditional":[222],"countermeasures":[223],"masking":[226],"shuffling,":[228],"achieves":[230],"notably":[231],"lowers":[232],"rates,":[235],"achieving":[236],"by":[239,248],"up":[240],"72%,":[242],"while":[243],"simultaneously":[244],"enhancing":[245],"efficiency":[247],"much":[250],"<inline-formula":[252],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[253],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[254],"<tex-math":[255],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$3.79\\times":[256],"$</tex-math>":[257],"</inline-formula>.":[258],"These":[259],"highlight":[261],"effectiveness":[263],"in":[266],"securing":[267],"hardware":[269],"with":[270],"minimal":[271],"impact":[272],"performance.":[276]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-02-21T00:00:00"}
