{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413392495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3596619","title":"A 28-GHz 2-by-2 MIMO Transceiver Deploying Transformer Gain Equalization Technique for 5G New Radio","display_name":"A 28-GHz 2-by-2 MIMO Transceiver Deploying Transformer Gain Equalization Technique for 5G New Radio","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413392495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3596619"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3596619","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3596619","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066197021","display_name":"Hang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9829-7695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), University of California, Irvine, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9829-7695","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), University of California, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012017882","display_name":"Michael M. Green","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4134-1875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael M. Green","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), University of California, Irvine, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4134-1875","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), University of California, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2856,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51316413,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"1","first_page":"24","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9631999731063843,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9628000259399414,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.6525962948799133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5829017162322998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5362232327461243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49171215295791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equalization","display_name":"Equalization (audio)","score":0.48770150542259216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.45744654536247253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.37707486748695374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3393365740776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24908959865570068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.14655610918998718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.1060333251953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.052855223417282104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.6525962948799133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5829017162322998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5362232327461243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49171215295791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75755367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104531076","display_name":"Equalization (audio)","level":3,"score":0.48770150542259216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.45744654536247253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.37707486748695374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3393365740776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24908959865570068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.14655610918998718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.1060333251953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.052855223417282104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3596619","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3596619","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500763588","https://openalex.org/W1972259547","https://openalex.org/W2023535408","https://openalex.org/W2025154037","https://openalex.org/W2075376254","https://openalex.org/W2085712161","https://openalex.org/W2109048820","https://openalex.org/W2145149609","https://openalex.org/W2149054156","https://openalex.org/W2275947161","https://openalex.org/W2606511386","https://openalex.org/W2752111207","https://openalex.org/W2790457714","https://openalex.org/W2790986675","https://openalex.org/W2922196175","https://openalex.org/W4246435016","https://openalex.org/W4411725357"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2783437851","https://openalex.org/W4249165909","https://openalex.org/W1672137312","https://openalex.org/W1650483958","https://openalex.org/W4240935863","https://openalex.org/W2320869333","https://openalex.org/W1924731896","https://openalex.org/W2040472248","https://openalex.org/W4310608455","https://openalex.org/W1868213250"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,36,80,103,108],"2-by-2":[4],"multiple-input":[5],"multiple-output":[6],"(MIMO)":[7],"transceiver":[8],"array":[9],"operating":[10],"at":[11],"28":[12],"GHz":[13],"to":[14],"enable":[15],"fifth-generation":[16],"(5G)":[17],"new":[18],"radio":[19],"(NR)":[20],"communication,":[21],"which":[22],"is":[23],"an":[24],"extended":[25],"work":[26],"of":[27,39,83,93],"the":[28,46,65,77],"article.":[29],"It":[30],"employs":[31],"transformer-based":[32],"inter-stage":[33],"matching,":[34],"with":[35,91],"comprehensive":[37],"analysis":[38],"its":[40],"benefits":[41],"and":[42,61,68,87,95,107],"challenges.":[43],"To":[44],"mitigate":[45],"transformer\u2019s":[47],"impedance":[48],"imbalance":[49],"peaks":[50],"across":[51],"frequency,":[52],"two":[53],"gain":[54],"equalization":[55],"techniques":[56],"are":[57,113],"proposed,":[58],"thoroughly":[59],"analyzed,":[60],"implemented":[62],"in":[63,72],"both":[64],"transmitter":[66],"(Tx)":[67],"receiver":[69],"(Rx).":[70],"Fabricated":[71],"TowerSemi\u2019s$0.18~\\mu":[73],"$m":[74],"BiCMOS":[75],"process,":[76],"chip":[78],"achieves":[79],"power":[81,111],"consumption":[82],"93":[84],"mW":[85,89],"(Rx)":[86],"146.5":[88],"(Tx),":[90],"gains":[92],"20":[94],"19":[96],"dB,":[97],"respectively.":[98],"Additionally,":[99],"design":[100],"considerations":[101],"for":[102],"high-performance":[104],"RF":[105],"switch":[106],"wideband":[109],"Wilkinson":[110],"combiner/splitter":[112],"discussed.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T21:12:35.861297","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}