{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413461902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3595897","title":"Countering Side-Channel Attacks With a Dynamic S-Box Based on Affine Transformations and Gold Sequences","display_name":"Countering Side-Channel Attacks With a Dynamic S-Box Based on Affine Transformations and Gold Sequences","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413461902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3595897"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3595897","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3595897","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022462569","display_name":"Thai-Ha Tran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8011-5518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thai-Ha Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Network Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Network Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092636076","display_name":"Duc-Thuan Dam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8998-9721"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duc-Thuan Dam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Network Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Network Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031277423","display_name":"Tuan-Kiet Dang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2616-2510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tuan-Kiet Dang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Network Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Network Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026766200","display_name":"Duc-Hung Le","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3227-9117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123565023","display_name":"Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City","ror":"https://ror.org/00waaqh38","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123565023"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duc-Hung Le","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications, The University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City Campus, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications, The University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City Campus, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123565023"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025387024","display_name":"Trong-Thuc Hoang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4078-0836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trong-Thuc Hoang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Network Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Network Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042912660","display_name":"Cong\u2010Kha Pham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-4919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong-Kha Pham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Network Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Network Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022462569"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12627981,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"1","first_page":"34","last_page":"47"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affine-transformation","display_name":"Affine transformation","score":0.7449184060096741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/side-channel-attack","display_name":"Side channel attack","score":0.6790995001792908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46452558040618896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.46183347702026367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.30955344438552856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.30157917737960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.18486949801445007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.1630784273147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.1307069957256317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92757383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382497","display_name":"Affine transformation","level":2,"score":0.7449184060096741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49289754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267081","display_name":"Side channel attack","level":3,"score":0.6790995001792908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46452558040618896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.46183347702026367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.30955344438552856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30157917737960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.18486949801445007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.1630784273147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.1307069957256317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3595897","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3595897","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G484344910","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DN2024-18-02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322809","funder_display_name":"University of Science Ho Chi Minh City"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322809","display_name":"University of Science Ho Chi Minh City","ror":"https://ror.org/05jfbgm49"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1425736675","https://openalex.org/W1532319909","https://openalex.org/W1562542037","https://openalex.org/W2113688179","https://openalex.org/W2760589008","https://openalex.org/W2807669647","https://openalex.org/W2950297715","https://openalex.org/W2954019744","https://openalex.org/W2954169045","https://openalex.org/W2990296674","https://openalex.org/W3007087159","https://openalex.org/W3008474499","https://openalex.org/W3028369887","https://openalex.org/W3040330020","https://openalex.org/W3046385973","https://openalex.org/W3093818042","https://openalex.org/W3114532883","https://openalex.org/W3157916761","https://openalex.org/W3161792922","https://openalex.org/W3180032954","https://openalex.org/W4205779884","https://openalex.org/W4206972602","https://openalex.org/W4240560709","https://openalex.org/W4243494487","https://openalex.org/W4285110201","https://openalex.org/W4285145623","https://openalex.org/W4292056025","https://openalex.org/W4294325515","https://openalex.org/W4308642032","https://openalex.org/W4312377982","https://openalex.org/W4312616727","https://openalex.org/W4313007560","https://openalex.org/W4313229723","https://openalex.org/W4319997236","https://openalex.org/W4361983685","https://openalex.org/W4364322571","https://openalex.org/W4366201389","https://openalex.org/W4385187377","https://openalex.org/W4385194751","https://openalex.org/W4389609823","https://openalex.org/W4389664598","https://openalex.org/W4390423531","https://openalex.org/W4391916559","https://openalex.org/W4396877871","https://openalex.org/W4400525322","https://openalex.org/W4400973657","https://openalex.org/W4401907708","https://openalex.org/W4403175065","https://openalex.org/W4403182257","https://openalex.org/W4403296865","https://openalex.org/W4405179800","https://openalex.org/W4405440670","https://openalex.org/W4406460367","https://openalex.org/W4407575760","https://openalex.org/W4407735904","https://openalex.org/W4408100680","https://openalex.org/W4409168994","https://openalex.org/W4411726013"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W1979597421","https://openalex.org/W2007980826","https://openalex.org/W2061531152","https://openalex.org/W3002753104","https://openalex.org/W2077600819","https://openalex.org/W2142036596","https://openalex.org/W2072657027","https://openalex.org/W2159609636","https://openalex.org/W3196561854"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Advanced":[0],"cryptographic":[1],"devices":[2],"employ":[3],"multiscale":[4,45,146],"countermeasures":[5],"to":[6,65,84,130],"bolster":[7],"resilience":[8,151],"against":[9,95,152],"side-channel":[10],"analysis":[11,99],"(SCA).":[12],"In":[13],"masking-based":[14],"defenses,":[15],"secure":[16],"substitution-boxes":[17],"(S-boxes)":[18],"and":[19,75,101,108,136],"effective":[20],"masking":[21,51,135],"schemes":[22],"are":[23],"paramount.":[24],"Additionally,":[25],"the":[26,90],"time-based":[27],"hiding":[28,74],"techniques,":[29,104],"leveraging":[30],"multiple":[31],"clocks":[32],"for":[33,72,78],"individual":[34],"encryption":[35],"operations,":[36],"offer":[37],"significant":[38],"protection.":[39],"This":[40],"article":[41],"introduces":[42],"a":[43,68,115],"novel":[44],"countermeasure:":[46],"an":[47,55],"improved":[48],"tower":[49],"field":[50],"scheme":[52],"integrated":[53],"with":[54,144,166],"affine":[56],"transformation-based":[57],"dynamic":[58],"S-box.":[59],"Crucially,":[60],"we":[61,149],"incorporate":[62],"Gold":[63],"sequences":[64],"generate":[66],"both":[67],"random":[69,76],"clock":[70],"source":[71],"horizontal":[73],"values":[77],"masking.":[79],"Extensive":[80],"evaluation":[81],"using":[82,133],"up":[83],"five":[85],"million":[86,168],"power":[87,98],"traces":[88],"demonstrates":[89],"robustness":[91],"of":[92,119],"our":[93,145],"approach":[94],"standard":[96],"correlation":[97],"(CPA)":[100],"alignment":[102],"preprocessing":[103],"including":[105],"sliding":[106],"window":[107],"amplitude":[109],"peak":[110],"localization.":[111],"Experimental":[112],"results":[113],"show":[114],"measurement-to-disclosure":[116],"(MTD)":[117],"improvement":[118],"at":[120],"least":[121],"<inline-formula":[122,137],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[123,138],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[124,139],"<tex-math":[125,140],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$150\\times":[126],"$</tex-math>":[127,142],"</inline-formula>":[128,143],"compared":[129],"unprotected":[131],"implementations":[132],"stand-alone":[134],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$375\\times":[141],"approach.":[147],"Furthermore,":[148],"demonstrate":[150],"recent":[153],"robust":[154],"profiled":[155],"deep":[156],"learning":[157],"SCA,":[158],"which":[159],"could":[160],"only":[161],"recover":[162],"four":[163],"subkeys":[164],"even":[165],"one":[167],"traces.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-30T23:08:21.542490","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}