{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413017784","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3589984","title":"Cross-Layer Approximate Design of Low-Power Fractional Motion Estimation Accelerators for VVC","display_name":"Cross-Layer Approximate Design of Low-Power Fractional Motion Estimation Accelerators for VVC","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413017784","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3589984"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3589984","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3589984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rafael da Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1791-4090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael da Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Inform&#xE1;tica-Programa de P&#xF3;s-Gradua&#xE7;&#xE3;o em Microeletr&#xF4;nica (PGMicro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1791-4090","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Inform&#xE1;tica-Programa de P&#xF3;s-Gradua&#xE7;&#xE3;o em Microeletr&#xF4;nica (PGMicro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018449089","display_name":"Pedro T. L. Pereira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5231-3963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro T. L. Pereira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Inform&#xE1;tica-Programa de P&#xF3;s-Gradua&#xE7;&#xE3;o em Microeletr&#xF4;nica (PGMicro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5231-3963","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Inform&#xE1;tica-Programa de P&#xF3;s-Gradua&#xE7;&#xE3;o em Microeletr&#xF4;nica (PGMicro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016210524","display_name":"Mateus Grellert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0600-7054"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mateus Grellert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Inform&#xE1;tica-Programa de P&#xF3;s-Gradua&#xE7;&#xE3;o em Microeletr&#xF4;nica (PGMicro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0600-7054","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Inform&#xE1;tica-Programa de P&#xF3;s-Gradua&#xE7;&#xE3;o em Microeletr&#xF4;nica (PGMicro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108043721","display_name":"Ricardo Reis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5781-5858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo Reis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Inform&#xE1;tica-Programa de P&#xF3;s-Gradua&#xE7;&#xE3;o em Microeletr&#xF4;nica (PGMicro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5781-5858","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Inform&#xE1;tica-Programa de P&#xF3;s-Gradua&#xE7;&#xE3;o em Microeletr&#xF4;nica (PGMicro), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7779,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73562551,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"9","first_page":"2415","last_page":"2423"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10361","display_name":"Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5501287579536438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.5458618998527527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.4124869406223297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3895370066165924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.27025145292282104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1785840094089508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.14547133445739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.0578782856464386}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5501287579536438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.5458618998527527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.4124869406223297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3895370066165924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.27025145292282104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1785840094089508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.14547133445739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0578782856464386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3589984","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3589984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/00x0ma614"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322502","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/05k49za97"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2014504005","https://openalex.org/W2079986413","https://openalex.org/W2090167930","https://openalex.org/W2126044301","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2135089667","https://openalex.org/W2146395539","https://openalex.org/W2774256319","https://openalex.org/W2794464795","https://openalex.org/W2897634489","https://openalex.org/W2907366214","https://openalex.org/W2911857318","https://openalex.org/W2985336152","https://openalex.org/W3013052828","https://openalex.org/W3015992807","https://openalex.org/W3016375368","https://openalex.org/W3027652730","https://openalex.org/W3113521585","https://openalex.org/W3135530072","https://openalex.org/W3141620748","https://openalex.org/W3154281209","https://openalex.org/W3195411286","https://openalex.org/W3202918664","https://openalex.org/W4311277447","https://openalex.org/W4387123482","https://openalex.org/W4387123723","https://openalex.org/W4402835367","https://openalex.org/W4406219903"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,88],"versatile":[1],"video":[2],"coding":[3,13],"(VVC)":[4],"standard":[5],"introduces":[6,70],"several":[7],"innovative":[8],"tools":[9],"designed":[10,77],"to":[11,137,153,189],"enhance":[12],"efficiency":[14],"compared":[15],"with":[16,80],"its":[17],"predecessors.":[18],"One":[19],"example":[20],"is":[21,34,114],"the":[22,37,83,96,108,117],"adoption":[23],"of":[24,36,65,86,95,99,119,175],"an":[25,171],"alternative":[26,141],"filter":[27,135],"for":[28,57,78,82,161],"fractional":[29],"motion":[30,39,50],"estimation":[31],"(FME)":[32],"that":[33,60,160],"part":[35],"adaptive":[38],"vector":[40],"resolution":[41],"(AMVR)":[42],"extension.":[43],"While":[44],"this":[45],"allows":[46],"a":[47,71,92,131,162],"more":[48,55],"precise":[49],"representation,":[51],"it":[52],"also":[53],"incurs":[54],"complexity":[56],"hardware":[58,73],"implementations":[59],"aim":[61],"at":[62,106],"supporting":[63],"most":[64],"VVC":[66],"features.":[67],"This":[68,113],"work":[69],"low-power":[72],"architecture":[74],"accelerator":[75],"specifically":[76],"FME":[79,164],"support":[81],"AMVR":[84],"extension":[85],"VVC.":[87],"proposed":[89,133],"solution":[90],"enables":[91],"systematic":[93],"exploration":[94],"design":[97,118],"space":[98],"cross-layer":[100],"approximate":[101,134,149],"computing":[102],"by":[103],"combining":[104],"approximations":[105],"both":[107,138],"operator":[109],"and":[110,126,140,169,193],"algorithm":[111],"levels.":[112],"achieved":[115],"through":[116],"two":[120],"novel":[121],"architectures":[122],"(<italic":[123],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[124,128,177],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2TAxA/4T</i>":[125],"<italic":[127],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2TAxA/2TAxA</i>)":[129],"alongside":[130],"newly":[132],"applicable":[136],"regular":[139],"interpolation":[142,166],"modes.":[143],"Furthermore,":[144],"we":[145],"evaluate":[146],"eight":[147],"different":[148],"adder":[150],"(AA)":[151],"topologies":[152],"optimize":[154],"power\u2013quality":[155],"tradeoffs.":[156],"Experimental":[157],"results":[158],"demonstrate":[159],"complete":[163],"multifilter":[165],"unit":[167],"(MIU)":[168],"maintaining":[170],"image":[172],"quality":[173],"threshold":[174],"<inline-formula":[176],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[178],"<tex-math":[179],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\text":[180],"{SSIM}":[181],"\\geq":[182],"0.88$</tex-math>":[183],"</inline-formula>,":[184],"our":[185],"method":[186],"achieves":[187],"up":[188],"72%":[190],"power":[191],"savings":[192],"59.64%":[194],"area":[195],"savings.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
