{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406856631","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3529690","title":"An Area-Efficient VLSI Architecture for High-Throughput Computation of the 2-D DWT","display_name":"An Area-Efficient VLSI Architecture for High-Throughput Computation of the 2-D DWT","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406856631","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3529690"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3529690","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3529690","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115604670","display_name":"Yuzhou Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9489-4355"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuzhou Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9489-4355","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100441591","display_name":"Wei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2601-3198"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2601-3198","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039554996","display_name":"Lin Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8010-7390"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aviation Fire Protection System, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aviation Fire Protection System, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050361798","display_name":"Qitao Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qitao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6100-4044","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043488378","display_name":"Zhuolun Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5205-783X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuolun Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5205-783X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100416804","display_name":"Yanyan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8488-5480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanyan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8488-5480","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5115604670"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2753,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74095121,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"5","first_page":"1292","last_page":"1303"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.9642999768257141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.9642999768257141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.944100022315979,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9387999773025513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.7231999039649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/very-large-scale-integration","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","score":0.675853967666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.6188787221908569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.613294243812561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5809344053268433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.571011483669281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5530562400817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science","display_name":"Computational science","score":0.3829050660133362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.2633131146430969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.1774945855140686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09854426980018616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08580932021141052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.07827755808830261}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.7231999039649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14580979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876049","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","level":2,"score":0.675853967666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.6188787221908569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.613294243812561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5809344053268433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.571011483669281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5530562400817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.3829050660133362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2633131146430969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1774945855140686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09854426980018616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08580932021141052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.07827755808830261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3529690","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2025.3529690","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1560308971","https://openalex.org/W1998272579","https://openalex.org/W2003730156","https://openalex.org/W2101976672","https://openalex.org/W2132984323","https://openalex.org/W2138453916","https://openalex.org/W2163381938","https://openalex.org/W2792687178","https://openalex.org/W2964284752","https://openalex.org/W2986016365","https://openalex.org/W3017039889","https://openalex.org/W3121073862","https://openalex.org/W3206062809","https://openalex.org/W4283205640","https://openalex.org/W4320004338","https://openalex.org/W4323065881","https://openalex.org/W4364303210","https://openalex.org/W4390651164","https://openalex.org/W4404758168"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4283025278","https://openalex.org/W61292821","https://openalex.org/W2082432309","https://openalex.org/W817174743","https://openalex.org/W2050492524","https://openalex.org/W2998315020","https://openalex.org/W2104790384","https://openalex.org/W2134640991","https://openalex.org/W3027318491","https://openalex.org/W101478184"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,171],"this":[1,92],"article,":[2],"an":[3],"area-efficient":[4],"VLSI":[5],"architecture":[6,32,60,96,108,143,184,222],"scheme":[7],"for":[8,47],"high-throughput":[9],"computation":[10,36,186],"of":[11,25,74,89,106,115,162,197,213],"the":[12,23,42,48,58,72,75,80,101,107,113,135,138,148,163,172,176,182,200,219],"2-D":[13,141,165,233],"discrete":[14,50],"wavelet":[15],"transform":[16],"(DWT)":[17],"is":[18,97],"proposed,":[19],"effectively":[20],"applied":[21],"in":[22,134,231],"context":[24],"aircraft":[26],"cargo":[27],"hold":[28],"scenes.":[29],"The":[30,52,160],"proposed":[31,139,183,220],"aims":[33],"to":[34,64,99,109,112,131,225],"reduce":[35,65],"and":[37,208],"storage":[38,67],"resources":[39],"while":[40,154,192],"maintaining":[41],"DWT-IDWT":[43],"reconstructed":[44],"image":[45,157,216],"quality":[46],"9/7":[49],"wavelet.":[51],"hardware":[53,227],"implementation":[54],"formulae":[55],"based":[56],"on":[57,147,175],"flipping":[59],"have":[61],"been":[62],"modified":[63],"RAM":[66],"bit":[68],"width.":[69],"By":[70],"transforming":[71],"coefficients":[73],"formula":[76],"into":[77,86],"hardware-friendly":[78],"values,":[79],"required":[81],"multiplication":[82],"operations":[83],"are":[84,167],"split":[85],"two":[87],"stages":[88],"addition.":[90],"On":[91],"basis,":[93],"a":[94,116,127,194,210],"pipelined":[95],"constructed":[98],"set":[100],"critical":[102],"path":[103],"delay":[104,114],"(CPD)":[105],"be":[110],"close":[111,224],"single":[117],"adder,":[118],"<inline-formula":[119],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[120],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[121],"<tex-math":[122],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$T_{a}$":[123],"</tex-math></inline-formula>,":[124],"thereby":[125],"achieving":[126,193],"high":[128],"throughput.":[129],"Compared":[130],"existing":[132],"architectures":[133],"research":[136],"field,":[137],"single-level":[140],"DWT":[142,166,234],"achieves":[144,223],"resource":[145],"savings":[146],"field-programmable":[149],"gate":[150],"array":[151],"(FPGA)":[152],"platform":[153],"ensuring":[155],"good":[156],"reconstruction":[158],"quality.":[159],"advantages":[161],"multilevel":[164,232],"even":[168],"more":[169],"pronounced.":[170],"simulation":[173],"results":[174],"application-specific":[177],"integrated":[178],"circuit":[179],"(ASIC)":[180],"platform,":[181],"reduces":[185],"time":[187],"by":[188,204],"at":[189,205],"least":[190,206],"35.54%":[191],"higher":[195],"level":[196],"decomposition,":[198],"decreases":[199],"area-delay":[201],"product":[202],"(ADP)":[203],"25.41%,":[207],"saves":[209],"significant":[211],"amount":[212],"energy":[214],"per":[215],"(EPI).":[217],"Furthermore,":[218],"folded":[221],"100%":[226],"utilization":[228],"efficiency":[229],"(HUE)":[230],"computations.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
