{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401069782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2024.3430059","title":"A 370-nW Bio-AFE With 2.9-\u03bc Vrms Input Noise in an Octa-Channel System-in-Package for Multimode Bio-Signal Acquisition","display_name":"A 370-nW Bio-AFE With 2.9-\u03bc Vrms Input Noise in an Octa-Channel System-in-Package for Multimode Bio-Signal Acquisition","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401069782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2024.3430059"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2024.3430059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2024.3430059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://epub.jku.at/obvulioa/content/titleinfo/13390012/full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035333658","display_name":"Patrick Fath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0351-752X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Fath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0351-752X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074787144","display_name":"Harald Pretl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1519-076X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harald Pretl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1519-076X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2841,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77859421,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"12","first_page":"2173","last_page":"2185"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analog-front-end","display_name":"Analog front-end","score":0.7304812669754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flash-adc","display_name":"Flash ADC","score":0.630274772644043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6115942597389221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analog-signal","display_name":"Analog signal","score":0.5771008729934692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-harmonic-distortion","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","score":0.5475018620491028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.464230477809906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/successive-approximation-adc","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","score":0.45463696122169495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44279178977012634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.4171810746192932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.41258931159973145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.411533921957016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2746885120868683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.2644401490688324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-reference","display_name":"Voltage reference","score":0.19690418243408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.15208426117897034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.12896916270256042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11998280882835388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778870119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16002927","display_name":"Analog front-end","level":3,"score":0.7304812669754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164862427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2744647","display_name":"Flash ADC","level":4,"score":0.630274772644043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6115942597389221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13412647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174948","display_name":"Analog signal","level":3,"score":0.5771008729934692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42156128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162641","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","level":3,"score":0.5475018620491028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.464230477809906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60154766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2650458","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","level":4,"score":0.45463696122169495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44279178977012634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.4171810746192932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.41258931159973145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.411533921957016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2746885120868683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2644401490688324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44351266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1465532","display_name":"Voltage reference","level":3,"score":0.19690418243408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.15208426117897034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.12896916270256042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11998280882835388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2024.3430059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2024.3430059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:epub.jku.at/:13390012","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://epub.jku.at/doi/10.1109/TVLSI.2024.3430059","pdf_url":"https://epub.jku.at/obvulioa/content/titleinfo/13390012/full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401788","display_name":"University Library Linz repository (Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","host_organization_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:epub.jku.at/:13390012","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://epub.jku.at/doi/10.1109/TVLSI.2024.3430059","pdf_url":"https://epub.jku.at/obvulioa/content/titleinfo/13390012/full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401788","display_name":"University Library Linz repository (Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","host_organization_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6200000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401069782.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401069782.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W97734146","https://openalex.org/W1976272148","https://openalex.org/W1978079883","https://openalex.org/W2020931149","https://openalex.org/W2046641314","https://openalex.org/W2066186666","https://openalex.org/W2070166512","https://openalex.org/W2103474482","https://openalex.org/W2123475515","https://openalex.org/W2126390573","https://openalex.org/W2140242797","https://openalex.org/W2143516309","https://openalex.org/W2296472418","https://openalex.org/W2501617859","https://openalex.org/W2574814227","https://openalex.org/W2791908750","https://openalex.org/W2970906998","https://openalex.org/W2997045467","https://openalex.org/W3004601686","https://openalex.org/W3045438571","https://openalex.org/W3094295786","https://openalex.org/W3110939378","https://openalex.org/W3116490670","https://openalex.org/W3172706930","https://openalex.org/W3175492326","https://openalex.org/W3200583244","https://openalex.org/W4214751738","https://openalex.org/W4223500831","https://openalex.org/W4235622047","https://openalex.org/W4256500096","https://openalex.org/W4306842916","https://openalex.org/W4310497508","https://openalex.org/W4387411164","https://openalex.org/W4388405759","https://openalex.org/W4391945915","https://openalex.org/W4392964281"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2509274568","https://openalex.org/W2519626829","https://openalex.org/W1620934198","https://openalex.org/W4365148779","https://openalex.org/W2593119273","https://openalex.org/W2759986866","https://openalex.org/W4226090311","https://openalex.org/W2260281688","https://openalex.org/W2161345192","https://openalex.org/W2302659562"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,82,158],"fully":[1],"integrated":[2],"and":[3,57,97,100,105,137,190,226],"reconfigurable":[4],"octa-channel":[5],"bio-signal":[6,127,134],"acquisition":[7,84,128,203],"system-in-package":[8],"(SiP),":[9],"which":[10],"enables":[11],"the":[12,91,126,147,155,202,205,224,240],"wireless":[13],"measurement":[14],"of":[15,70,85,117,125,143,146,154,181,196,204,211,223,228,239],"electromyography":[16],"(EMG),":[17],"electrocardiogram":[18],"(ECG),":[19],"or":[20],"electroencephalography":[21],"(EEG),":[22],"is":[23,87,199],"presented":[24],"in":[25,35,76,150,251],"this":[26],"article.":[27],"Each":[28],"chiplet":[29],"contains":[30],"an":[31,46,68],"analog":[32,129],"front":[33,130],"end":[34,131],"combination":[36],"with":[37,175],"a":[38,41,50,58,77,111,138,151,176,191,244,252],"channel-selection":[39],"multiplexer,":[40],"successive-approximation-register":[42],"analog\u2013digital":[43],"converter":[44],"(SAR-ADC),":[45],"ultra-wideband":[47],"transmitter":[48],"(UWB-TX),":[49],"low-power":[51,209],"on-chip":[52],"crystal-based":[53],"clock":[54],"generation":[55],"circuit,":[56],"low-dropout":[59],"voltage":[60,63],"regulator,":[61],"including":[62],"reference.":[64],"The":[65,208],"die":[66],"occupies":[67],"area":[69],"3.64":[71],"mm":[72],"<sup":[73],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[74,119,168,185,214,231],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[75],"180-nm":[78],"1P6M":[79],"CMOS":[80],"technology.":[81],"flexible":[83],"bio-potentials":[86],"possible":[88],"due":[89],"to":[90,165],"rail-to-rail":[92],"(R\u2013R)":[93],"input":[94,179],"dc":[95],"tolerance":[96],"multiple":[98],"bandwidth":[99],"gain":[101],"modes":[102],"(0.2\u2013128/512/2048":[103],"Hz,":[104],"19.9\u201353.1":[106],"dB,":[107,198],"respectively).":[108],"In":[109],"addition,":[110],"low":[112,159],"total":[113],"harmonic":[114],"distortion":[115],"(THD)":[116],"<inline-formula":[118,167,184,213,230],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[120,169,186,215,232],"<tex-math":[121,170,187,216,233],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$-51.1$</tex-math>":[122],"</inline-formula>":[123,172,189,218,235],"dB":[124,145],"(Bio-AFE)":[132],"for":[133,201],"relevant":[135],"levels":[136],"high":[139,152,177],"signal-to-noise-and-distortion":[140],"ratio":[141,194],"(SNDR)":[142],"83.0":[144],"SAR-ADC":[148],"result":[149],"linearity":[153],"recorded":[156],"bio-signals.":[157,207],"input-referred":[160],"noise":[161],"ranging":[162],"from":[163,243],"2.9":[164],"7.1":[166],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mu$</tex-math>":[171,217,234],"Vrms,":[173],"together":[174],"differential":[178],"impedance":[180],"216":[182],"M":[183],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\Omega$</tex-math>":[188],"common-mode":[192],"rejection":[193],"(CMRR)":[195],"81.6":[197],"essential":[200],"low-amplitude":[206],"consumption":[210],"0.37\u20131":[212],"W":[219,236],"per":[220,237],"channel":[221,238],"(mode-dependent)":[222],"Bio-AFE":[225],"that":[227],"1.22":[229],"SAR-ADC,":[241],"both":[242],"1-V":[245],"supply,":[246],"enable":[247],"battery-or":[248],"RF-powered":[249],"applications":[250],"small":[253],"form":[254],"factor.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T17:40:00.097472","created_date":"2024-07-31T00:00:00"}