{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4353004536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2023.3255234","title":"An Efficient Massive MIMO Detector Based on Approximate Expectation Propagation","display_name":"An Efficient Massive MIMO Detector Based on Approximate Expectation Propagation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4353004536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2023.3255234"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2023.3255234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2023.3255234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045679976","display_name":"Yangyang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2578-9728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangyang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2578-9728","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055624939","display_name":"Suwen Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7654-6582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suwen Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100696999","display_name":"Zhongfeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7227-4786"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongfeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7227-4786","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019940239","display_name":"Jun Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2760-4333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5098,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81999354,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"5","first_page":"696","last_page":"700"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.7172185182571411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.6941459774971008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6370261311531067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5636622309684753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5538731813430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.502272367477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.4289354681968689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.37969347834587097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3422142267227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.21996012330055237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16797980666160583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.15309691429138184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.11940625309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09854099154472351}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.7172185182571411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.6941459774971008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6370261311531067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5636622309684753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5538731813430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.502272367477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.4289354681968689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.37969347834587097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3422142267227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.21996012330055237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16797980666160583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.15309691429138184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.11940625309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09854099154472351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2023.3255234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2023.3255234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2250357272","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62174084","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992036418","https://openalex.org/W2026440501","https://openalex.org/W2139104935","https://openalex.org/W2757723874","https://openalex.org/W2810990271","https://openalex.org/W2954228593","https://openalex.org/W2995694254","https://openalex.org/W3046848100","https://openalex.org/W3057713522","https://openalex.org/W4205544170"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3014521742","https://openalex.org/W2617868873","https://openalex.org/W3204141294","https://openalex.org/W2366906938","https://openalex.org/W4386230336","https://openalex.org/W4306968100","https://openalex.org/W2349391998","https://openalex.org/W4224872188","https://openalex.org/W4285223123","https://openalex.org/W4386970495"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Among":[0],"expectation":[1],"propagation":[2],"(EP)-based":[3],"massive":[4],"multiple-input\u2013multiple-output":[5],"(MIMO)":[6],"detection":[7,27,104],"algorithms,":[8],"EP":[9],"with":[10,51,107,133],"weighted":[11],"Neumann-series":[12],"approximation":[13],"(EPA-wNSA)":[14],"has":[15,146],"the":[16,26,32,38,58,68,83,90,134,143,158],"lowest":[17],"computational":[18],"complexity":[19],"while":[20],"requiring":[21],"many":[22],"iterations":[23,97],"to":[24,66,81,98],"guarantee":[25],"performance,":[28],"which":[29],"severely":[30],"limits":[31],"throughput":[33,53,156],"of":[34,41],"hardware":[35,44],"implementations.":[36],"Through":[37],"joint":[39],"optimization":[40,120],"algorithm":[42,63,70,93],"and":[43,54,129],"architecture,":[45],"we":[46],"propose":[47],"an":[48,110],"EP-based":[49,160],"detector":[50,112,145],"higher":[52,72,155],"area":[55],"efficiency.":[56],"First,":[57],"second-order":[59],"Richardson":[60],"iteration":[61],"(SORI)":[62],"is":[64,114],"employed":[65],"replace":[67],"wNSA":[69],"for":[71],"convergence":[73],"speed.":[74],"Then":[75],"three":[76],"algorithmic":[77],"transformations":[78],"are":[79],"proposed":[80,91,144],"minimize":[82],"overall":[84],"complexity.":[85],"Simulation":[86],"results":[87],"show":[88],"that":[89],"EPA-SORI":[92],"requires":[94],"much":[95],"fewer":[96],"achieve":[99],"comparable":[100],"or":[101],"even":[102],"better":[103],"performance":[105],"compared":[106],"EPA-wNSA.":[108],"Furthermore,":[109],"efficient":[111],"architecture":[113],"delicately":[115],"designed":[116],"by":[117],"incorporating":[118],"multiple":[119],"methods,":[121],"such":[122],"as":[123],"reverse":[124],"data":[125],"flow,":[126],"advanced":[127],"addition,":[128],"rounding":[130],"cells.":[131],"Implemented":[132],"Taiwan":[135],"Semiconductor":[136],"Manufacturing":[137],"Company":[138],"(TSMC)":[139],"28-nm":[140],"CMOS":[141],"technology,":[142],"<inline-formula":[147],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[148],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[149],"<tex-math":[150],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$2.2":[151],"\\times":[152],"$":[153],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[154],"than":[157],"state-of-the-art":[159],"detector.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
