{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4286373147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2022.3190236","title":"Detection of Recycled ICs Using Backscattering Side-Channel Analysis","display_name":"Detection of Recycled ICs Using Backscattering Side-Channel Analysis","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4286373147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2022.3190236"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2022.3190236","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2022.3190236","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051170823","display_name":"Frank T. Werner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9539-3684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Frank T. Werner","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9539-3684","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007992397","display_name":"Milos Prvulovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5955-277X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milos Prvulovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5955-277X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018695384","display_name":"Alenka Zaji\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1158-3785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alenka Zajic","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1158-3785","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051170823"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8015,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90759017,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"9","first_page":"1244","last_page":"1255"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12495","display_name":"Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5726315379142761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singular-value-decomposition","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","score":0.5447983145713806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/printed-circuit-board","display_name":"Printed circuit board","score":0.5331565141677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4875757098197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.4555354118347168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-circuit","display_name":"Integrated circuit","score":0.4503636360168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.44378167390823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.391959011554718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38289427757263184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.30920231342315674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23038989305496216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.20190340280532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1570415198802948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.1254900097846985}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5726315379142761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22789450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420904","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","level":2,"score":0.5447983145713806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120793396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173350","display_name":"Printed circuit board","level":2,"score":0.5331565141677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4875757098197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.4555354118347168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.4503636360168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.44378167390823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.391959011554718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38289427757263184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.30920231342315674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23038989305496216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20190340280532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1570415198802948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.1254900097846985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2022.3190236","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2022.3190236","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5370245650","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-19-1-2287","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511843316","https://openalex.org/W1592930191","https://openalex.org/W1600691640","https://openalex.org/W1613874182","https://openalex.org/W1753471395","https://openalex.org/W1973009402","https://openalex.org/W1992413325","https://openalex.org/W1993023092","https://openalex.org/W2005671831","https://openalex.org/W2011712479","https://openalex.org/W2013716714","https://openalex.org/W2033755846","https://openalex.org/W2040298438","https://openalex.org/W2043457853","https://openalex.org/W2070072592","https://openalex.org/W2078871390","https://openalex.org/W2082142229","https://openalex.org/W2099101940","https://openalex.org/W2122757690","https://openalex.org/W2145937629","https://openalex.org/W2148862943","https://openalex.org/W2150056343","https://openalex.org/W2152664452","https://openalex.org/W2154909745","https://openalex.org/W2158902938","https://openalex.org/W2164152592","https://openalex.org/W2170058139","https://openalex.org/W2183849663","https://openalex.org/W2402794349","https://openalex.org/W2477632003","https://openalex.org/W2514339946","https://openalex.org/W2571247453","https://openalex.org/W2606854262","https://openalex.org/W2625110865","https://openalex.org/W2760398902","https://openalex.org/W2792298937","https://openalex.org/W2808442774","https://openalex.org/W2913907491","https://openalex.org/W2942664295","https://openalex.org/W2969597218","https://openalex.org/W2969770678","https://openalex.org/W2979963465","https://openalex.org/W3012186831","https://openalex.org/W3082673660","https://openalex.org/W3084879046","https://openalex.org/W3115588833","https://openalex.org/W3136866795","https://openalex.org/W3207199251","https://openalex.org/W4230776224","https://openalex.org/W4234806119","https://openalex.org/W4241472700","https://openalex.org/W4243195860","https://openalex.org/W6607899610","https://openalex.org/W6631075134","https://openalex.org/W6713309242","https://openalex.org/W6754242920","https://openalex.org/W6784209582"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2599361292","https://openalex.org/W4252608911","https://openalex.org/W2184913151","https://openalex.org/W2389426768","https://openalex.org/W2098273855","https://openalex.org/W3147987719","https://openalex.org/W2698654916","https://openalex.org/W3215142653","https://openalex.org/W1487051936","https://openalex.org/W194748710"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1,22],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,41,69,90],"new,":[4],"nondestructive":[5],"method":[6,64,79],"for":[7,50,89],"detecting":[8,83],"recycled":[9,84],"integrated":[10],"circuits":[11],"(ICs)":[12],"using":[13],"the":[14,24,30,36,77,94,104],"backscattering":[15,31],"side-channel":[16,32],"analysis":[17],"(BSCA).":[18],"In":[19],"particular,":[20],"this":[21],"explains":[23],"impact":[25,105],"that":[26,76,106],"aging":[27],"has":[28],"on":[29,46,112],"signal":[33],"and":[34,53,109],"validates":[35],"findings":[37],"through":[38],"simulations.":[39],"Then,":[40],"new":[42],"detection":[43,113],"algorithm":[44],"based":[45],"singular":[47],"value":[48],"decomposition":[49],"distinguishing":[51],"unaged":[52],"aged":[54,88],"ICs":[55,85],"from":[56],"their":[57],"backscattered":[58],"measurements":[59],"is":[60,65,80],"presented.":[61],"The":[62,73,100],"proposed":[63,78],"then":[66],"validated":[67],"in":[68,82],"series":[70],"of":[71,93],"experiments.":[72],"results":[74],"show":[75],"effective":[81],"after":[86],"being":[87],"small":[91],"fraction":[92],"IC\u2019s":[95],"lifetime":[96],"(roughly":[97],"66":[98],"days).":[99],"experiments":[101],"also":[102],"demonstrate":[103],"circuit":[107],"size":[108],"complexity":[110],"have":[111],"accuracy.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
