{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3153252608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2021.3071464","title":"Converter-Free Power Delivery Using Voltage Stacking for Near/Subthreshold Operation","display_name":"Converter-Free Power Delivery Using Voltage Stacking for Near/Subthreshold Operation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3153252608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2021.3071464","mag":"3153252608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2021.3071464","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2021.3071464","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024530254","display_name":"Kamlesh Kumar Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9382-6068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamlesh Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, AZ, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9382-6068","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, AZ, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061904103","display_name":"Barry de Bruin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2341-9504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barry de Bruin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, AZ, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, AZ, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042636120","display_name":"Hailong Jiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2815-6168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128628","display_name":"Peking University Shenzhen Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03kkjyb15","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128628"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["CN","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hailong Jiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, AZ, The Netherlands","Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2815-6168","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, AZ, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128628"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030551618","display_name":"Jos Huisken","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-2601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos Huisken","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, AZ, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-2601","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, AZ, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081768631","display_name":"Henk Corporaal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4506-5732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henk Corporaal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, AZ, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4506-5732","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, AZ, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050945839","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Pineda de Gyvez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0723-7065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose Pineda de Gyvez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, AZ, The Netherlands","NXP Semiconductors, San Jose, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0723-7065","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, AZ, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NXP Semiconductors, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4917,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6208162,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"6","first_page":"1039","last_page":"1051"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subthreshold-conduction","display_name":"Subthreshold conduction","score":0.7820171117782593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5280538201332092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.511830747127533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-power-electronics","display_name":"Low-power electronics","score":0.47424381971359253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.46655982732772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44155165553092957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.436042457818985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.42009955644607544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3620413541793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.34515419602394104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.32271838188171387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3092327117919922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.13378137350082397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07868853211402893}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156465305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1658601","display_name":"Subthreshold conduction","level":4,"score":0.7820171117782593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5280538201332092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.511830747127533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117551214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6692774","display_name":"Low-power electronics","level":4,"score":0.47424381971359253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.46655982732772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44155165553092957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.436042457818985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.42009955644607544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3620413541793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.34515419602394104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.32271838188171387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3092327117919922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.13378137350082397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07868853211402893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2021.3071464","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2021.3071464","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.tue.nl:openaire_cris_publications/fc56a7ce-01cb-4dfa-a847-546372afd56a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/fc56a7ce-01cb-4dfa-a847-546372afd56a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Singh, K, de Bruin, B, Jiao, H, Huisken, J, Corporaal, H & de Gyvez, J P 2021, 'Converter-Free Power Delivery Using Voltage Stacking for Near/Subthreshold Operation', IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, vol. 29, no. 6, 9405788, pp. 1039-1051. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVLSI.2021.3071464","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.tue.nl:publications/fc56a7ce-01cb-4dfa-a847-546372afd56a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104604322&partnerID=8YFLogxK","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Singh, K, de Bruin, B, Jiao, H, Huisken, J, Corporaal, H & de Gyvez, J P 2021, 'Converter-Free Power Delivery Using Voltage Stacking for Near/Subthreshold Operation', IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, vol. 29, no. 6, 9405788, pp. 1039-1051. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVLSI.2021.3071464","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:tue:oai:pure.tue.nl:publications/fc56a7ce-01cb-4dfa-a847-546372afd56a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/nl/publications/fc56a7ce-01cb-4dfa-a847-546372afd56a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, 29(6):9405788, 1039 - 1051. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334893","display_name":"Stichting voor de Technische Wetenschappen","ror":"https://ror.org/057tq3593"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529746645","https://openalex.org/W1620991513","https://openalex.org/W1967747638","https://openalex.org/W2014067650","https://openalex.org/W2022999871","https://openalex.org/W2031337889","https://openalex.org/W2088481695","https://openalex.org/W2115535690","https://openalex.org/W2221168811","https://openalex.org/W2318181542","https://openalex.org/W2505856658","https://openalex.org/W2564320614","https://openalex.org/W2574112495","https://openalex.org/W2584442328","https://openalex.org/W2610603505","https://openalex.org/W2744562181","https://openalex.org/W2904147273","https://openalex.org/W2922321860","https://openalex.org/W2986049721","https://openalex.org/W2989024108","https://openalex.org/W2997207673","https://openalex.org/W3022859244","https://openalex.org/W6631650157","https://openalex.org/W6653991970","https://openalex.org/W6658152620","https://openalex.org/W6672540876","https://openalex.org/W6725064940","https://openalex.org/W6760366226"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2806295079","https://openalex.org/W3100668214","https://openalex.org/W1980973127","https://openalex.org/W2020064877","https://openalex.org/W2056387586","https://openalex.org/W2167755006","https://openalex.org/W1515931217","https://openalex.org/W2545960595","https://openalex.org/W2160628748","https://openalex.org/W2122945703"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Integrated":[0],"circuits":[1,97],"operating":[2,70],"in":[3,83,98,113],"the":[4,14,77,81,84,91,95,99,107,161,166,189,200,211],"near/subthreshold":[5,51,92],"region":[6],"offer":[7],"low":[8],"energy":[9,191,201],"consumption.":[10],"However,":[11],"due":[12],"to":[13,25,89,173,210],"constrained":[15],"voltage":[16,36,68,158,163],"scalability":[17],"of":[18,59,94,136,160],"SRAMs,":[19],"efficient":[20],"power":[21,42,175],"delivery":[22,176],"is":[23,53,87,129,193,203],"difficult":[24],"achieve.":[26],"A":[27,103],"traditional":[28],"implementation":[29,49,57],"would":[30],"require":[31],"at":[32,71],"least":[33],"two":[34,41,100],"distinct":[35],"supplies":[37],"generated":[38],"by":[39,195,205],"possibly":[40],"converters.":[43],"In":[44],"this":[45],"article,":[46],"a":[47,60,66,114,140,149],"new":[48,61],"for":[50,157],"operation":[52,93],"presented.":[54],"The":[55,126,146,168,184],"proposed":[56,108,169],"consists":[58],"\u201cconverter-free\u201d":[62],"design":[63],"based":[64],"on":[65,122,197,207],"three-level":[67],"stack":[69,86],"1.8":[72],"V":[73],"\u00b1":[74],"5%.":[75],"Here,":[76],"leakage":[78],"current":[79,150],"from":[80],"SRAMs":[82],"top":[85],"recycled":[88],"sustain":[90],"logic":[96],"lower":[101],"stacks.":[102,167],"test":[104,127],"chip":[105,128],"with":[106,178],"voltage-stacking":[109],"technique":[110],"was":[111],"implemented":[112],"28-nm":[115],"low-":[116],"Vth":[117],"(LVT)":[118],"fully":[119],"depleted":[120],"silicon":[121,185],"insulator":[123],"(FDSOI)":[124],"technology.":[125],"an":[130,137,153],"ultralow-power":[131],"advanced":[132],"system-on-chip":[133],"(SoC)":[134],"consisting":[135],"RISC-V":[138],"core,":[139],"coarse-grained":[141],"reconfigurable":[142],"accelerator,":[143],"and":[144,152,199],"peripherals.":[145],"SoC":[147],"uses":[148],"sink":[151],"adaptive":[154],"body-bias":[155],"controller":[156],"regulation":[159],"intermediate":[162],"rails":[164],"between":[165],"system":[170,190],"achieves":[171],"up":[172],"95%":[174],"efficiency":[177,192],"negligible":[179],"area":[180],"overhead":[181],"(~":[182],"1%).":[183],"measurement":[186],"shows":[187],"that":[188],"improved":[194],"1.6\u00d7":[196],"average,":[198],"consumption":[202],"reduced":[204],"37%":[206],"average":[208],"compared":[209],"flat":[212],"implementation.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
