{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3006152095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2020.2967029","title":"Programmable Daisychaining of Microelectrodes to Secure Bioassay IP in MEDA Biochips","display_name":"Programmable Daisychaining of Microelectrodes to Secure Bioassay IP in MEDA Biochips","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3006152095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2020.2967029","mag":"3006152095"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2020.2967029","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2020.2967029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040267274","display_name":"Tung-Che Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1444-2611"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tung-Che Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1444-2611","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033880864","display_name":"Krishnendu Chakrabarty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4475-6435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krishnendu Chakrabarty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4475-6435","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059648257","display_name":"Ramesh Karri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7989-5617"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramesh Karri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York University, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7989-5617","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York University, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1104,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76827264,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"5","first_page":"1269","last_page":"1282"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12452","display_name":"Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12452","display_name":"Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11407","display_name":"Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochip","display_name":"Biochip","score":0.9399272203445435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bitstream","display_name":"Bitstream","score":0.622245728969574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5424694418907166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4184532165527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.39305350184440613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.3022654056549072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0782177746295929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.07272306084632874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87892846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864256","display_name":"Biochip","level":2,"score":0.9399272203445435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136695289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415568","display_name":"Bitstream","level":3,"score":0.622245728969574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5424694418907166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4184532165527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.39305350184440613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.3022654056549072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0782177746295929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.07272306084632874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2020.2967029","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2020.2967029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2829791776","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1833624","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4618233694","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1833622","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G923888629","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-17-1-0320","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","ror":"https://ror.org/010xaa060"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W279015906","https://openalex.org/W1524250393","https://openalex.org/W1556212265","https://openalex.org/W1567268701","https://openalex.org/W1592625985","https://openalex.org/W1664227763","https://openalex.org/W1978803131","https://openalex.org/W1987214109","https://openalex.org/W1992562607","https://openalex.org/W2026699700","https://openalex.org/W2064541558","https://openalex.org/W2066225194","https://openalex.org/W2067276029","https://openalex.org/W2075795621","https://openalex.org/W2076397729","https://openalex.org/W2076611807","https://openalex.org/W2115394282","https://openalex.org/W2121603762","https://openalex.org/W2124928244","https://openalex.org/W2124954128","https://openalex.org/W2125846166","https://openalex.org/W2142537526","https://openalex.org/W2142937706","https://openalex.org/W2147820467","https://openalex.org/W2168987465","https://openalex.org/W2185801215","https://openalex.org/W2295219107","https://openalex.org/W2342876677","https://openalex.org/W2510328378","https://openalex.org/W2517695883","https://openalex.org/W2518623905","https://openalex.org/W2562410774","https://openalex.org/W2587880315","https://openalex.org/W2599588613","https://openalex.org/W2769895281","https://openalex.org/W2770340443","https://openalex.org/W2772739831","https://openalex.org/W2809729522","https://openalex.org/W2896027805","https://openalex.org/W2910438749","https://openalex.org/W3008880067","https://openalex.org/W3099013843","https://openalex.org/W4243329802","https://openalex.org/W4246809981","https://openalex.org/W4247267706","https://openalex.org/W4251958921","https://openalex.org/W6637263959","https://openalex.org/W6669490149","https://openalex.org/W6678442310","https://openalex.org/W6681113282"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2364922518","https://openalex.org/W1995422305","https://openalex.org/W2361860382","https://openalex.org/W2379531326","https://openalex.org/W2604557458","https://openalex.org/W2544485685","https://openalex.org/W1834829329","https://openalex.org/W2599588613","https://openalex.org/W2353006359","https://openalex.org/W2504405865"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"digital":[1],"microfluidic":[2],"biochips":[3,113,191],"(DMFBs)":[4],"make":[5],"the":[6,9,78,95,101,106,123,137,146,154,174],"transition":[7],"to":[8,34,52,90,93],"marketplace":[10],"for":[11,55,179,188],"commercial":[12],"exploitation,":[13],"security":[14,83],"and":[15,57,76,105,192],"intellectual":[16],"property":[17],"(IP)":[18],"protection":[19],"are":[20,32],"emerging":[21],"as":[22],"important":[23,82],"design":[24],"considerations.":[25],"Recent":[26],"studies":[27],"have":[28],"shown":[29],"that":[30,70,100,134,172],"DMFBs":[31],"vulnerable":[33],"reverse":[35],"engineering":[36],"aimed":[37],"at":[38],"stealing":[39],"biomolecular":[40,169],"protocols":[41,49,170],"(IP":[42],"theft).":[43],"The":[44,60],"IP":[45,163],"piracy":[46],"of":[47,74,81,103,108,118,125,142],"proprietary":[48],"may":[50],"lead":[51],"significant":[53],"losses":[54],"pharmaceutical":[56],"biotech":[58],"companies.":[59],"microelectrode":[61],"dot":[62],"array":[63],"(MEDA)":[64],"is":[65,177],"a":[66,130],"next-generation":[67],"DMFB":[68],"platform":[69],"supports":[71],"real-time":[72,86],"sensing":[73,87],"droplets":[75],"has":[77],"added":[79],"advantage":[80],"protection.":[84],"However,":[85],"offers":[88],"opportunities":[89],"an":[91,159],"attacker":[92],"steal":[94],"biochemical":[96,119],"IP.":[97],"We":[98],"show":[99],"daisychaining":[102],"microelectrodes":[104],"use":[107],"one-time":[109],"programmability":[110],"in":[111],"MEDA":[112,147,190],"provides":[114],"effective":[115,178],"bitstream":[116],"scrambling":[117],"protocols.":[120,194],"To":[121],"examine":[122],"strength":[124],"this":[126],"solution,":[127],"we":[128,157],"develop":[129],"Satisfiability":[131],"(SAT)-based":[132],"attack":[133,176],"can":[135,185],"unscramble":[136],"bitstreams":[138],"through":[139],"repeated":[140],"observations":[141],"bioassays":[143],"executed":[144],"on":[145,150],"platform.":[148],"Based":[149],"insights":[151],"gained":[152],"from":[153],"SAT":[155,175],"attack,":[156],"propose":[158],"advanced":[160,183],"defense":[161,184],"against":[162],"theft.":[164],"Simulation":[165],"results":[166],"using":[167],"real-life":[168,193],"confirm":[171],"while":[173],"simple":[180],"instances,":[181],"our":[182],"thwart":[186],"it":[187],"realistic":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
