{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2905140186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2018.2880923","title":"What Is the Maximum Achievable Oscillation Frequency in a Specified CMOS Process?","display_name":"What Is the Maximum Achievable Oscillation Frequency in a Specified CMOS Process?","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2905140186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2018.2880923","mag":"2905140186"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2018.2880923","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2018.2880923","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048088628","display_name":"Amard Afzalian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2117-5868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110525433","display_name":"Islamic Azad University, Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/01kzn7k21","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amard Afzalian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110525433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072768224","display_name":"Hossein Miar Naimi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3093-4958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84248293","display_name":"Babol Noshirvani University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02zc85170","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84248293"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Miar-Naimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84248293"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027808510","display_name":"Massoud Dousti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2884-7062"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110525433","display_name":"Islamic Azad University, Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/01kzn7k21","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massoud Dousti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110525433"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048088628"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110525433"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2575,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59053609,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"3","first_page":"587","last_page":"600"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12495","display_name":"Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oscillation","display_name":"Oscillation (cell signaling)","score":0.7107112407684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.6517207622528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5798044800758362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5087738633155823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.49662119150161743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.48449012637138367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.41084423661231995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3246915340423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.30496931076049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1987690031528473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.17742598056793213}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778439541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7106412","display_name":"Oscillation (cell signaling)","level":2,"score":0.7107112407684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.6517207622528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5798044800758362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5087738633155823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.49662119150161743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.48449012637138367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.41084423661231995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3246915340423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30496931076049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1987690031528473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.17742598056793213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2018.2880923","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2018.2880923","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1596471938","https://openalex.org/W1963660960","https://openalex.org/W1967220693","https://openalex.org/W1975276044","https://openalex.org/W2025483745","https://openalex.org/W2064955087","https://openalex.org/W2099590222","https://openalex.org/W2110440403","https://openalex.org/W2118708476","https://openalex.org/W2140954894","https://openalex.org/W2142245099","https://openalex.org/W2153298471","https://openalex.org/W2166405300","https://openalex.org/W2171169024","https://openalex.org/W2346299855","https://openalex.org/W2620063759","https://openalex.org/W2738149697","https://openalex.org/W2789463187","https://openalex.org/W2903136240"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4384502435","https://openalex.org/W2121982427","https://openalex.org/W4200332348","https://openalex.org/W1557347312","https://openalex.org/W2909296819","https://openalex.org/W4384129951","https://openalex.org/W2139891832","https://openalex.org/W2023668401","https://openalex.org/W2096016192","https://openalex.org/W2003183089"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,113],"paper":[1],"for":[2,10,119,130],"the":[3,27,31,52,61,64,82,87,100,109,140,143,169,180],"first":[4,32],"time":[5],"presents":[6],"an":[7,42,121,151],"analytical":[8],"approach":[9],"estimating":[11],"maximum":[12,101,124,160],"achievable":[13,161],"oscillators'":[14],"frequency":[15,66,105,125,163],"in":[16,30,126,179],"a":[17,68,116,131],"specific":[18],"CMOS":[19,128],"process":[20,129],"independent":[21],"of":[22,70,78,81,111,135,142],"their":[23],"topology.":[24],"By":[25],"employing":[26],"Mason":[28],"function":[29,69],"place,":[33],"it":[34],"has":[35],"been":[36],"proven":[37],"that":[38,159],"ring":[39],"oscillator":[40,122,153,162,170],"with":[41,123,172],"inductive":[43],"load":[44],"can":[45,93],"achieve":[46],"higher":[47,166],"oscillation":[48,62,65,102],"frequencies":[49],"compared":[50,167],"to":[51,98,108,150,168],"other":[53],"topologies.":[54],"Then,":[55],"by":[56],"applying":[57],"two-port":[58],"analysis":[59,114],"at":[60],"edge,":[63],"as":[67],"circuit":[71],"variables":[72],"like":[73],"passive":[74,83,136],"network":[75],"topology,":[76],"number":[77],"stages,":[79],"elements":[80],"network,":[84],"gain,":[85],"and":[86],"phase":[88],"difference":[89],"between":[90],"two":[91],"ports":[92],"be":[94],"achieved.":[95],"In":[96],"order":[97],"evaluate":[99],"frequency,":[103],"maximized":[104],"is":[106,148,164],"applied":[107,149],"space":[110],"variables.":[112],"proposes":[115],"systematic":[117],"procedure":[118],"designing":[120],"desired":[127],"known":[132],"quality":[133],"factor":[134],"elements.":[137],"To":[138],"examine":[139],"feasibility":[141],"proposed":[144],"technique,":[145],"this":[146],"methodology":[147],"optimal":[152],"structure.":[154],"The":[155,175],"simulation":[156],"results":[157],"confirm":[158],"20%-30%":[165],"designed":[171],"conventional":[173],"approach.":[174],"simulations":[176],"are":[177],"performed":[178],"0.18-\u03bcm":[181],"TSMC":[182],"technology.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}