{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2899114861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2018.2852802","title":"A Study on Bandgap Reference Circuit With Leakage-Based PTAT Generation","display_name":"A Study on Bandgap Reference Circuit With Leakage-Based PTAT Generation","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2899114861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2018.2852802","mag":"2899114861"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2018.2852802","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2018.2852802","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102914016","display_name":"Youngwoo Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4319-6619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Youngwoo Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052722005","display_name":"Byungsub Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1528-6235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Byungsub Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057208951","display_name":"Hong-June Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8144-9165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong-June Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033088278","display_name":"Jae\u2010Yoon Sim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1814-6211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jae-Yoon Sim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102914016"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5448,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64860622,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"11","first_page":"2310","last_page":"2321"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandgap-voltage-reference","display_name":"Bandgap voltage reference","score":0.8591371178627014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6902469992637634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5431051254272461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-reference","display_name":"Voltage reference","score":0.5179561376571655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","score":0.4941911995410919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.48949897289276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-coefficient","display_name":"Temperature coefficient","score":0.4694252610206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absolute-zero","display_name":"Absolute zero","score":0.46422287821769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/settling-time","display_name":"Settling time","score":0.45441022515296936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4256562888622284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.4146782457828522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4131700396537781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trimming","display_name":"Trimming","score":0.41186052560806274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-circuit","display_name":"Integrated circuit","score":0.4101242125034332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3692895472049713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.3618707060813904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2787677049636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.26812636852264404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout-voltage","display_name":"Dropout voltage","score":0.09384670853614807}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127033052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48635","display_name":"Bandgap voltage reference","level":5,"score":0.8591371178627014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6902469992637634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5431051254272461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44351266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1465532","display_name":"Voltage reference","level":3,"score":0.5179561376571655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4941911995410919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.48949897289276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16643434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898642","display_name":"Temperature coefficient","level":2,"score":0.4694252610206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97278139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81182","display_name":"Absolute zero","level":2,"score":0.46422287821769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14781684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3983320","display_name":"Settling time","level":3,"score":0.45441022515296936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4256562888622284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.4146782457828522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4131700396537781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56951928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3539213","display_name":"Trimming","level":2,"score":0.41186052560806274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.4101242125034332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3692895472049713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3618707060813904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2787677049636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.26812636852264404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15032970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851210","display_name":"Dropout voltage","level":4,"score":0.09384670853614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160030872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142864","display_name":"Step response","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2018.2852802","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2018.2852802","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oasis.postech.ac.kr:2014.oak/99232","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://oasis.postech.ac.kr/handle/2014.oak/99232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401965","display_name":"Open Access System for Information Sharing (Pohang University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","host_organization_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W649475307","https://openalex.org/W1976272148","https://openalex.org/W1982288276","https://openalex.org/W1984863066","https://openalex.org/W1989885893","https://openalex.org/W1992889283","https://openalex.org/W1994057142","https://openalex.org/W2047344047","https://openalex.org/W2093236804","https://openalex.org/W2102673651","https://openalex.org/W2128134737","https://openalex.org/W2133201500","https://openalex.org/W2146031070","https://openalex.org/W2203831731","https://openalex.org/W2510156037","https://openalex.org/W2592861018","https://openalex.org/W2626971630","https://openalex.org/W3086923348","https://openalex.org/W4231501498","https://openalex.org/W6645836615","https://openalex.org/W6662398725","https://openalex.org/W6734354735"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2361135282","https://openalex.org/W2370820504","https://openalex.org/W2133199116","https://openalex.org/W4389955510","https://openalex.org/W2347289947","https://openalex.org/W2364640622","https://openalex.org/W2390376289","https://openalex.org/W2907906161","https://openalex.org/W2372270451","https://openalex.org/W1970992322"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"detailed":[3],"analyses":[4],"on":[5],"leakage-based":[6],"bandgap":[7],"reference":[8],"(BGR)":[9],"circuit":[10,42],"for":[11,16,77],"ultralow-power":[12],"applications.":[13],"Design":[14],"considerations":[15],"power":[17,86],"supply":[18],"rejection":[19],"ratio":[20],"and":[21,88,132],"noise":[22],"characteristics":[23],"are":[24],"provided":[25],"with":[26,35],"pole/zero":[27],"analysis.":[28],"Startup":[29],"settling":[30],"issue":[31],"is":[32,43,61],"also":[33,68],"discussed":[34],"measurements.":[36],"For":[37],"verification,":[38],"a":[39,46,115,126,133],"test":[40],"BGR":[41,67,103],"implemented":[44],"in":[45],"0.18-\u03bcm":[47],"CMOS":[48],"technology.":[49],"The":[50,66],"standard":[51,116],"deviation":[52,117],"of":[53,95,118,129,136],"proportional-to-absolute-temperature":[54],"(PTAT)":[55],"voltages":[56,72],"measured":[57],"from":[58,111],"20":[59,112],"chips":[60,113],"1.15%":[62],"at":[63,107,120],"30":[64,121],"\u00b0C.":[65],"uses":[69],"two":[70],"PTAT":[71],"to":[73],"reduce":[74],"the":[75,82,102],"resistance":[76],"complementary-to-absolute-temperature":[78],"generation,":[79],"hence":[80],"alleviating":[81],"tradeoff":[83],"limitation":[84],"between":[85],"consumption":[87],"area":[89,94],"cost.":[90],"With":[91],"an":[92],"active":[93],"0.056":[96],"mm":[97],"<sup":[98],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[99],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[100],",":[101],"consumes":[104],"19":[105],"nW":[106],"room":[108],"temperature.":[109],"Measurements":[110],"show":[114],"0.54%":[119],"\u00b0C":[122],"without":[123],"any":[124],"trimming,":[125],"temperature":[127],"dependence":[128],"143":[130],"ppm/\u00b0C":[131],"line":[134],"regulation":[135],"2.4%/V.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
