{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2618866570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2017.2703141","title":"All-Digital Calibration of Timing Mismatch Error in Time-Interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters","display_name":"All-Digital Calibration of Timing Mismatch Error in Time-Interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-05-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2618866570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2017.2703141","mag":"2618866570"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2017.2703141","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2017.2703141","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100396703","display_name":"Shuai Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2158-1847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081652595","display_name":"Luke Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9847-2414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luke Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100638569","display_name":"Hong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1147-1759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CA","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055593154","display_name":"Rosanah Murugesu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rosanah Murugesu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kapik Integration, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kapik Integration, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022080341","display_name":"Dustin Dunwell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-723X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dustin Dunwell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kapik Integration, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kapik Integration, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010704016","display_name":"Anthony Chan Carusone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0977-7516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Chan Carusone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100396703"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8981,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93982837,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"9","first_page":"2552","last_page":"2560"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.758995771408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skew","display_name":"Skew","score":0.7057574987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.5465684533119202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5387102365493774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5365490913391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5185116529464722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.5043202638626099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.46102175116539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/successive-approximation-adc","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","score":0.41458356380462646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3623583912849426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparator","display_name":"Comparator","score":0.26479965448379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22131848335266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16342756152153015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.1526065468788147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.14654099941253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10936659574508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.10551822185516357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10168173909187317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08715200424194336}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.758995771408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43711488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534783","display_name":"Skew","level":2,"score":0.7057574987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.5465684533119202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5387102365493774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5365490913391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5185116529464722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.5043202638626099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.46102175116539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60154766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2650458","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","level":4,"score":0.41458356380462646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3623583912849426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155745195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1164179","display_name":"Comparator","level":3,"score":0.26479965448379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22131848335266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16342756152153015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.1526065468788147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.14654099941253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10936659574508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10551822185516357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10168173909187317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08715200424194336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2017.2703141","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2017.2703141","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968315717","https://openalex.org/W1981215785","https://openalex.org/W2005261727","https://openalex.org/W2007605560","https://openalex.org/W2015794844","https://openalex.org/W2037158943","https://openalex.org/W2066266364","https://openalex.org/W2072742893","https://openalex.org/W2088247891","https://openalex.org/W2099312875","https://openalex.org/W2124861257","https://openalex.org/W2130648546","https://openalex.org/W2143326453","https://openalex.org/W2170331687","https://openalex.org/W2172428500","https://openalex.org/W2211494338","https://openalex.org/W2288311220","https://openalex.org/W2588414605","https://openalex.org/W6659925699","https://openalex.org/W6733578993"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4290802965","https://openalex.org/W631083485","https://openalex.org/W97789383","https://openalex.org/W4313452936","https://openalex.org/W2097026685","https://openalex.org/W2480068220","https://openalex.org/W3087516072","https://openalex.org/W2070883797","https://openalex.org/W4386859288","https://openalex.org/W2111165123"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3],"all-digital":[4,99],"background":[5],"calibration":[6,100],"for":[7,42,49],"timing":[8,19,34,61,105,111],"mismatch":[9,20,35,62,112],"in":[10],"time-interleaved":[11],"analog-to-digital":[12],"converters":[13],"(TI-ADCs).":[14],"It":[15],"combines":[16],"digital":[17,23,65],"adaptive":[18],"estimation":[21],"and":[22,30,52,85,107],"derivative-based":[24,64],"correction,":[25],"achieving":[26],"lower":[27],"hardware":[28],"cost":[29],"better":[31],"suppression":[32],"of":[33,56,79],"tones":[36],"than":[37],"previous":[38],"work.":[39],"In":[40],"addition,":[41],"the":[43,50,75,97,104,110,117],"first":[44],"time":[45],"closed-form":[46],"exact":[47],"expressions":[48],"signal-to-noise":[51],"distortion":[53],"ratio":[54],"(SNDR)":[55],"a":[57,80,89],"four-channel":[58,81],"TI-ADC":[59,82,94],"with":[60],"after":[63],"correction":[66],"are":[67],"obtained,":[68],"which":[69],"can":[70,101],"be":[71],"used":[72],"to":[73],"guide":[74],"design.":[76],"Simulation":[77],"results":[78,87],"behavioral":[83],"model":[84],"measurement":[86],"from":[88],"commercial":[90],"12-bit":[91],"3.6-GS/s":[92],"two-channel":[93],"show":[95],"that":[96],"proposed":[98],"accurately":[102],"estimate":[103],"skew":[106],"effectively":[108],"correct":[109],"errors,":[113],"while":[114],"also":[115],"confirming":[116],"analytic":[118],"SNDR":[119],"expressions.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-03T08:47:05.690250","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}