{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2568798037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2016.2638826","title":"A 0.45 V 147\u2013375 nW ECG Compression Processor With Wavelet Shrinkage and Adaptive Temporal Decimation Architectures","display_name":"A 0.45 V 147\u2013375 nW ECG Compression Processor With Wavelet Shrinkage and Adaptive Temporal Decimation Architectures","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2568798037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2016.2638826","mag":"2568798037"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2016.2638826","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2016.2638826","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060389034","display_name":"Chio-In Ieong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chio-In Ieong","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI and FST-ECE, University of Macau, Macau, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI and FST-ECE, University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544","https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025694711","display_name":"Mingzhong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9532-9049"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingzhong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI and FST-ECE, University of Macau, Macau, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI and FST-ECE, University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544","https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029369208","display_name":"Man\u2010Kay Law","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2799-1129"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Man-Kay Law","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macau, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058845450","display_name":"Pui\u2010In Mak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3579-8740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pui-In Mak","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI and FST-ECE, University of Macau, Macau, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI and FST-ECE, University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544","https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037922594","display_name":"Mang I Vai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0663-0049"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mang I Vai","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI and FST-ECE, University of Macau, Macau, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI and FST-ECE, University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544","https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106943352","display_name":"Rui P. Martins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2821-648X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203847022","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Lisboa","ror":"https://ror.org/04ea70f07","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203847022"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO","PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui P. Martins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal","State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI and FST-ECE, University of Macau, Macao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203847022","https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI and FST-ECE, University of Macau, Macao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060389034"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498","https://openalex.org/I6469544"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0393,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85522047,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"4","first_page":"1307","last_page":"1319"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decimation","display_name":"Decimation","score":0.737704336643219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/huffman-coding","display_name":"Huffman coding","score":0.703334391117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6737673282623291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.6464201211929321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-compression","display_name":"Data compression","score":0.5662471652030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compression-ratio","display_name":"Compression ratio","score":0.5438575744628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codec","display_name":"Codec","score":0.48687925934791565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-transform","display_name":"Wavelet transform","score":0.47577324509620667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.4404083788394928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-wavelet-transform","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","score":0.4199097454547882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3772767186164856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.339579701423645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3038417398929596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3036632537841797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25129103660583496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14784160256385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.13396623730659485}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173642442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1253346","display_name":"Decimation","level":3,"score":0.737704336643219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46900642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2647","display_name":"Huffman coding","level":3,"score":0.703334391117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6737673282623291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.6464201211929321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.5662471652030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25797200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828137","display_name":"Compression ratio","level":3,"score":0.5438575744628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161765866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184748","display_name":"Codec","level":2,"score":0.48687925934791565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.47577324509620667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.4404083788394928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46286280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414958","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","level":4,"score":0.4199097454547882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3772767186164856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.339579701423645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3038417398929596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3036632537841797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25129103660583496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14784160256385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.13396623730659485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511840579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12757","display_name":"Internal combustion engine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2016.2638826","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2016.2638826","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W198280271","https://openalex.org/W1658679052","https://openalex.org/W1964465002","https://openalex.org/W2003730876","https://openalex.org/W2005186928","https://openalex.org/W2009886905","https://openalex.org/W2016943313","https://openalex.org/W2037324433","https://openalex.org/W2048150589","https://openalex.org/W2050433098","https://openalex.org/W2050466007","https://openalex.org/W2052738708","https://openalex.org/W2093159738","https://openalex.org/W2095409369","https://openalex.org/W2104655872","https://openalex.org/W2122062158","https://openalex.org/W2123339414","https://openalex.org/W2129652681","https://openalex.org/W2138670469","https://openalex.org/W2143698637","https://openalex.org/W2149354205","https://openalex.org/W2154333545","https://openalex.org/W2154483232","https://openalex.org/W2156638740","https://openalex.org/W2161153033","https://openalex.org/W2162538606","https://openalex.org/W2163728097","https://openalex.org/W2169382889","https://openalex.org/W2336039551"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524890377","https://openalex.org/W2340678901","https://openalex.org/W3029686646","https://openalex.org/W1526941731","https://openalex.org/W1513711368","https://openalex.org/W3106295919","https://openalex.org/W1966933208","https://openalex.org/W2355495591","https://openalex.org/W2092570808","https://openalex.org/W1988177904"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,110,124,135],"real-time":[4,19],"electrocardiogram":[5],"(ECG)":[6],"data":[7,48],"compression":[8,126],"processor":[9,87,122],"with":[10,72,90,104],"improved":[11],"energy":[12,97],"efficiency":[13],"while":[14],"maintaining":[15],"high":[16],"accuracy":[17],"and":[18,29,50,59,77],"operation.":[20,98],"Wavelet":[21],"shrinkage":[22],"is":[23,38,65,88],"exploited":[24],"to":[25,40,44,68,131,134,139],"filter":[26],"the":[27,47,85,105,119],"noise":[28],"achieve":[30,41],"sparse":[31],"ECG":[32,86,121],"signal":[33],"representation.":[34],"Adaptive":[35],"temporal":[36],"decimation":[37],"proposed":[39,120],"configurable":[42],"processing":[43],"adaptively":[45],"reduce":[46],"amount":[49],"computational":[51],"activities":[52],"for":[53,95],"further":[54],"power":[55,111],"reduction.":[56],"Modified":[57],"Huffman":[58],"run-length":[60],"wavelet":[61,70],"source":[62],"coding":[63],"(MHRLC)":[64],"also":[66],"designed":[67],"represent":[69],"coefficients":[71],"optimized":[73],"average":[74],"code":[75],"length":[76],"reduced":[78],"memory":[79],"requirement.":[80],"Fabricated":[81],"in":[82],"0.18-\u03bcm":[83],"CMOS,":[84],"implemented":[89],"customized":[91],"near-threshold":[92],"digital":[93],"logics":[94],"minimum":[96],"The":[99],"prototype":[100],"was":[101],"fully":[102],"validated":[103],"MIT-BIH":[106],"Arrhythmia":[107],"database.":[108],"With":[109],"consumption":[112],"of":[113],"147-375":[114],"nW":[115],"at":[116],"0.45":[117],"V,":[118],"exhibits":[123],"wide":[125],"ratio":[127],"ranging":[128],"from":[129,137],"2.89":[130],"26.91,":[132],"corresponding":[133],"percentage-RMS-distortion":[136],"0%":[138],"3.11%.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
