{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2086309060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2013.2276759","title":"Scalable Effort Hardware Design","display_name":"Scalable Effort Hardware Design","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2086309060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2013.2276759","mag":"2086309060"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2013.2276759","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2013.2276759","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039111452","display_name":"Vinay K. Chippa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinay Kumar Chippa","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106083836","display_name":"Debabrata Mohapatra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debabrata Mohapatra","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031161187","display_name":"Kaushik Roy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0735-9695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaushik Roy","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042424184","display_name":"Srimat Chakradhar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3530-3901"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srimat T. Chakradhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems Architecture Department, NEC Laboratories America, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems Architecture Department, NEC Laboratories America, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065766721","display_name":"Anand Raghunathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4624-564X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anand Raghunathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3124,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":97,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94494767,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"9","first_page":"2004","last_page":"2016"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.796414852142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7421560883522034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.5369508266448975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstraction","display_name":"Abstraction","score":0.5259849429130554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5046752691268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.4585835933685303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstraction-layer","display_name":"Abstraction layer","score":0.4249933660030365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.41197142004966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3918256163597107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3621021807193756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3395003378391266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.16797515749931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1479007601737976}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.796414852142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7421560883522034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.5369508266448975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.5259849429130554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5046752691268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.4585835933685303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147358964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1200992","display_name":"Abstraction layer","level":3,"score":0.4249933660030365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.41197142004966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3918256163597107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3621021807193756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3395003378391266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.16797515749931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1479007601737976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2013.2276759","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2013.2276759","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G662207903","display_name":"CSR: Small: Scalable Effort Design: Exploiting Algorithmic Resilience for Energy Efficiency","funder_award_id":"1018621","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1512098439","https://openalex.org/W1565527413","https://openalex.org/W1973021400","https://openalex.org/W1990173890","https://openalex.org/W2003957094","https://openalex.org/W2010468809","https://openalex.org/W2053323369","https://openalex.org/W2056489119","https://openalex.org/W2103460560","https://openalex.org/W2109884165","https://openalex.org/W2110254700","https://openalex.org/W2111444234","https://openalex.org/W2113989678","https://openalex.org/W2114703523","https://openalex.org/W2117990954","https://openalex.org/W2118683741","https://openalex.org/W2121927366","https://openalex.org/W2123749980","https://openalex.org/W2127218421","https://openalex.org/W2134090756","https://openalex.org/W2136824894","https://openalex.org/W2142107379","https://openalex.org/W2152977845","https://openalex.org/W2155319834","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2157709461","https://openalex.org/W2161119373","https://openalex.org/W2161238936","https://openalex.org/W2161629484","https://openalex.org/W2165448367","https://openalex.org/W2172699263","https://openalex.org/W2296253867","https://openalex.org/W3120740533","https://openalex.org/W3139678091","https://openalex.org/W3182208082","https://openalex.org/W4213084574","https://openalex.org/W4240237526","https://openalex.org/W4247403816","https://openalex.org/W4253998042","https://openalex.org/W4254290713","https://openalex.org/W6630527977","https://openalex.org/W6633682156","https://openalex.org/W6676366587","https://openalex.org/W6677732001","https://openalex.org/W6678524678","https://openalex.org/W6683152347","https://openalex.org/W6684291855"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2364921833","https://openalex.org/W2385146268","https://openalex.org/W2503642292","https://openalex.org/W2380023786","https://openalex.org/W2546696010","https://openalex.org/W1992741870","https://openalex.org/W2027487876","https://openalex.org/W2600414015","https://openalex.org/W1965788443","https://openalex.org/W2012245132"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Applications":[0],"from":[1,190],"several":[2],"application":[3,10,52,155],"domains":[4],"exhibit":[5],"the":[6,23,33,49,66,91,98,111,136,143,152,183,191,209,270],"property":[7],"of":[8,26,51,65,78,97,133,135,142,154,161,168,193,221,269],"inherent":[9],"resilience,":[11],"offering":[12],"entirely":[13],"new":[14],"avenues":[15],"for":[16,261],"performance":[17],"and":[18,35,54,83,102,177,198,205,229],"power":[19],"optimization":[20,160,247],"by":[21],"relaxing":[22],"conventional":[24],"requirement":[25],"exact":[27],"(numerical":[28],"or":[29],"Boolean)":[30],"equivalence":[31],"between":[32],"specification":[34],"hardware":[36,42,60],"implementation.":[37,112],"We":[38,171],"propose":[39],"scalable":[40,67,144,185,210],"effort":[41,68,93,145,186,211],"as":[43,107],"a":[44,262],"design":[45,69,79,146,169,187],"approach":[46,70,147],"to":[47,72,89,103,119,253],"tap":[48],"reservoir":[50],"resilience":[53,156],"translate":[55],"it":[56,216],"into":[57],"highly":[58],"efficient":[59],"implementations.":[61],"The":[62,139],"first":[63],"tenet":[64,141],"is":[71,148],"identify":[73],"mechanisms":[74,106,115,163,251],"at":[75,165],"each":[76,268],"level":[77,132],"abstraction":[80],"(circuit,":[81],"architecture,":[82],"algorithm)":[84],"that":[85,149,215,245],"can":[86,116,217],"be":[87,117],"used":[88],"vary":[90],"computational":[92],"expended":[94],"toward":[95],"generation":[96],"correct":[99],"(exact)":[100],"result,":[101],"expose":[104],"these":[105],"control":[108],"knobs":[109],"in":[110,234],"These":[113],"scaling":[114,162,250],"utilized":[118],"achieve":[120,218],"improved":[121],"energy":[122,219,255],"efficiency":[123],"while":[124],"maintaining":[125],"an":[126,174,259],"acceptable":[127],"(and":[128],"often,":[129],"near":[130],"identical)":[131],"quality":[134,265],"overall":[137],"result.":[138],"second":[140],"fully":[150],"exploiting":[151],"potential":[153],"requires":[157],"synergistic":[158],"cross-layer":[159,246],"identified":[164],"different":[166,249],"levels":[167],"abstraction.":[170],"have":[172],"implemented":[173],"energy-efficient":[175],"recognition":[176],"mining":[178],"(RM)":[179],"processor":[180,213],"based":[181],"on":[182,208,226,258],"proposed":[184],"approach.":[188],"Results":[189],"execution":[192],"support":[194],"vector":[195,202],"machine":[196],"training":[197],"classification,":[199],"generalized":[200],"learning":[201],"quantization":[203],"training,":[204],"k-means":[206],"clustering":[207],"RM":[212],"show":[214],"reductions":[220],"1.2\u00d7-5\u00d7":[222],"with":[223,231,267],"negligible":[224],"impact":[225],"output":[227,235,264],"quality,":[228,236],"2.2\u00d7-50\u00d7":[230],"moderate":[232],"loss":[233],"across":[237,248],"various":[238],"data":[239],"sets.":[240],"Our":[241],"results":[242],"also":[243],"establish":[244],"leads":[252],"higher":[254],"savings":[256],"(1.4\u00d7-2\u00d7":[257],"average)":[260],"given":[263],"compared":[266],"individual":[271],"techniques.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}