{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1999599395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2010.2088409","title":"Impact of Random Dopant Fluctuations on the Timing Characteristics of Flip-Flops","display_name":"Impact of Random Dopant Fluctuations on the Timing Characteristics of Flip-Flops","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1999599395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2010.2088409","mag":"1999599395"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2010.2088409","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2010.2088409","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061952018","display_name":"Faiz-ul-Hassan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Faiz-ul-Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047735250","display_name":"Wim Vanderbauwhede","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6768-0037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wim Vanderbauwhede","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","[Department of Computer Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042210972","display_name":"Fernando Rodr\u00edguez-Salazar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fernando Rodriguez-Salazar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","Dept. of Electron. & Electr. Eng., Univ. of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Electr. Eng., Univ. of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061952018"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5773,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70214486,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"1","first_page":"157","last_page":"161"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skewness","display_name":"Skewness","score":0.6645690202713013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonparametric-statistics","display_name":"Nonparametric statistics","score":0.6533249616622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.6096460223197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-distribution","display_name":"Probability distribution","score":0.5451679229736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.5391367673873901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-density-function","display_name":"Probability density function","score":0.5028182864189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dispersion","display_name":"Dispersion (optics)","score":0.4706133008003235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.43015342950820923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.41847875714302063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4166068136692047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3867030739784241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3746436834335327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17887628078460693}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122342681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330828","display_name":"Skewness","level":2,"score":0.6645690202713013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102366305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1097688","display_name":"Nonparametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.6533249616622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.6096460223197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149441793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200726","display_name":"Probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.5451679229736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.5391367673873901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.5028182864189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177562468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182893","display_name":"Dispersion (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4706133008003235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.43015342950820923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.41847875714302063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4166068136692047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3867030739784241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3746436834335327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17887628078460693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvlsi.2010.2088409","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2010.2088409","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37538908","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","issn_l":"1063-8210","issn":["1063-8210","1557-9999"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:45037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/45037/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Articles"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995817283","https://openalex.org/W2004423835","https://openalex.org/W2015858819","https://openalex.org/W2063723224","https://openalex.org/W2064576566","https://openalex.org/W2073832517","https://openalex.org/W2075245708","https://openalex.org/W2083451059","https://openalex.org/W2097677118","https://openalex.org/W2100485785","https://openalex.org/W2102630853","https://openalex.org/W2112662324","https://openalex.org/W2117648153","https://openalex.org/W2121294303","https://openalex.org/W2125169487","https://openalex.org/W2136328167","https://openalex.org/W2148984056","https://openalex.org/W2150946561","https://openalex.org/W2168101540","https://openalex.org/W2625929310","https://openalex.org/W2801179766","https://openalex.org/W3150180620","https://openalex.org/W6671487899","https://openalex.org/W6739854901"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2168829322","https://openalex.org/W2893341095","https://openalex.org/W4241043257","https://openalex.org/W2096774889","https://openalex.org/W1990418105","https://openalex.org/W4242391381","https://openalex.org/W1971430736","https://openalex.org/W1980528650","https://openalex.org/W4249885815","https://openalex.org/W3199393239"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,117],"this":[1,118],"work,":[2],"we":[3],"have":[4],"analyzed":[5],"the":[6,17,23,51,75,80,90,98,106,120,130,166,179,188],"effects":[7],"of":[8,20,27,50,79,89,93,102,110,132,162,182,190],"variability,":[9],"due":[10],"to":[11],"random":[12],"dopant":[13],"fluctuation":[14],"(RDF),":[15],"on":[16,34,48,126],"timing":[18,52,81,144,169],"characteristics":[19],"flip-flops":[21],"for":[22],"future":[24],"technology":[25,85],"generations":[26],"25,":[28],"18,":[29],"and":[30,54,69,77,108,113,138,157,184],"13":[31],"nm,":[32],"based":[33,125],"extensive":[35],"Monte":[36],"Carlo":[37],"simulations.":[38],"The":[39,87,160],"results":[40,175],"show":[41],"that":[42,55,143],"RDF":[43],"has":[44,140],"a":[45,61,71],"significant":[46],"impact":[47],"all":[49],"parameters":[53,57,82],"these":[56,94,163],"do":[58],"not":[59],"follow":[60],"normal":[62,180],"distribution;":[63],"in":[64,97,105,154],"particular,":[65],"they":[66],"are":[67,123],"skewed":[68],"exhibit":[70],"large":[72],"tail.":[73],"Moreover,":[74],"dispersion":[76],"skewness":[78],"increase":[83],"with":[84,129,178],"scaling.":[86],"study":[88],"exact":[91],"shape":[92],"distributions,":[95,153],"especially":[96],"tail":[99],"section,":[100],"is":[101],"fundamental":[103],"importance":[104],"design":[107],"modeling":[109],"high-performance,":[111],"reliable,":[112],"economically":[114],"feasible":[115],"circuits.":[116],"paper,":[119],"distribution":[121],"tails":[122],"estimated":[124],"simulation":[127],"data,":[128],"aid":[131],"statistical":[133,167],"nonparametric":[134,152],"probability":[135,189],"density":[136],"functions,":[137],"it":[139],"been":[141],"found":[142],"distributions":[145,183],"can":[146],"better":[147],"be":[148],"represented":[149],"by":[150],"certain":[151],"particular":[155],"Pearson":[156],"Johnson":[158],"systems.":[159],"use":[161],"representations":[164],"during":[165],"static":[168],"analysis":[170],"will":[171,185],"provide":[172],"more":[173],"accurate":[174],"as":[176],"compared":[177],"approximation":[181],"eventually":[186],"reduce":[187],"yield":[191],"loss.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}