{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7140636559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2026.3677884","title":"GD4LLM: How Layout Quality and Prompting Influence LLM Understanding of Graph Drawings","display_name":"GD4LLM: How Layout Quality and Prompting Influence LLM Understanding of Graph Drawings","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7140636559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2026.3677884","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41886331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2026.3677884","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2026.3677884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2026.3677884","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018323496","display_name":"Walter Didimo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4379-6059"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27483092","display_name":"University of Perugia","ror":"https://ror.org/00x27da85","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walter Didimo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4379-6059","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006763389","display_name":"Fabrizio Montecchiani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0543-8912"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27483092","display_name":"University of Perugia","ror":"https://ror.org/00x27da85","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabrizio Montecchiani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0543-8912","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040170270","display_name":"Tommaso Piselli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7088-920X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27483092","display_name":"University of Perugia","ror":"https://ror.org/00x27da85","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tommaso Piselli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7088-920X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30388992,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"7","first_page":"6171","last_page":"6182"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.5814999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.5814999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.17910000681877136,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.04910000041127205,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-drawing","display_name":"Graph drawing","score":0.5455999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.5295000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5263000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5092999935150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-visualization","display_name":"Data visualization","score":0.4120999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-layout","display_name":"Graph Layout","score":0.3292999863624573}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8276000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112953755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739462","display_name":"Graph drawing","level":3,"score":0.5455999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.5295000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5263000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5092999935150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.46369999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172367668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504956","display_name":"Data visualization","level":3,"score":0.4120999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.3743000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.36000001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.34769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911174283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739462","display_name":"Graph Layout","level":4,"score":0.3292999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185578843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10609775","display_name":"Information visualization","level":3,"score":0.32839998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88230418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131476","display_name":"Graph theory","level":2,"score":0.2962000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145961650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192521","display_name":"Technical drawing","level":2,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.27970001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108882727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991685","display_name":"Solid modeling","level":2,"score":0.2558000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2026.3677884","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2026.3677884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41886331","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41886331","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2026.3677884","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2026.3677884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Our":[0,84],"work":[1],"contributes":[2],"to":[3,15],"the":[4,8,29,33,39,46,52,56,59,62,67,77,89,95,98,108,111,114,119],"fast-growing":[5],"literature":[6],"on":[7,23,28,113],"use":[9],"of":[10,38,58,79,97,110],"Large":[11],"Language":[12],"Models":[13],"(LLMs)":[14],"perform":[16],"graph-related":[17],"tasks.":[18],"In":[19],"particular,":[20],"we":[21],"focus":[22],"usage":[24],"scenarios":[25],"that":[26,87],"rely":[27],"visual":[30],"modality,":[31],"feeding":[32],"model":[34,112],"with":[35],"a":[36,80,102,125],"drawing":[37,100],"graph":[40],"under":[41],"analysis.":[42,83],"We":[43,69],"investigate":[44],"how":[45],"model's":[47],"performance":[48,109],"is":[49,124],"affected":[50],"by":[51],"chosen":[53],"layout":[54,91],"paradigm,":[55],"aesthetics":[57],"drawing,":[60],"and":[61,75,93],"prompting":[63,122],"technique":[64,123],"used":[65],"for":[66,130],"queries.":[68],"formulate":[70],"three":[71],"corresponding":[72],"research":[73],"questions":[74],"present":[76],"results":[78],"thorough":[81],"experimental":[82],"findings":[85],"reveal":[86],"choosing":[88],"right":[90],"paradigm":[92],"optimizing":[94],"readability":[96],"input":[99],"from":[101],"human":[103],"perspective":[104],"can":[105],"significantly":[106],"improve":[107],"given":[115],"task.":[116],"Moreover,":[117],"selecting":[118],"most":[120],"effective":[121],"challenging":[126],"yet":[127],"crucial":[128],"task":[129],"achieving":[131],"optimal":[132],"performance.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-24T06:17:17.354583","created_date":"2026-03-27T00:00:00"}
