{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124133670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2026.3653265","title":"A Multidimensional Assessment Method for Visualization Understanding (MdamV)","display_name":"A Multidimensional Assessment Method for Visualization Understanding (MdamV)","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124133670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2026.3653265","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41533620"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2026.3653265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2026.3653265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2026.3653265","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114635590","display_name":"Antonia Saske","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4250-8464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129774422","display_name":"University of Vienna","ror":"https://ror.org/03prydq77","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonia Saske","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4250-8464","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043023909","display_name":"Laura Koesten","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-1759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113480","display_name":"Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/0258gkt32","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Koesten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Human-Computer Interaction, Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-1759","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human-Computer Interaction, Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060664606","display_name":"Torsten M\u00f6ller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1192-0710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129774422","display_name":"University of Vienna","ror":"https://ror.org/03prydq77","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Torsten M\u00f6ller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1192-0710","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107546385","display_name":"Judith Staudner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129774422","display_name":"University of Vienna","ror":"https://ror.org/03prydq77","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Judith Staudner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Doctoral School Computer Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6636-7975","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Doctoral School Computer Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040380704","display_name":"Sylvia Kritzinger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2765-8200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129774422","display_name":"University of Vienna","ror":"https://ror.org/03prydq77","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sylvia Kritzinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Government, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2765-8200","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Government, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.7937,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98583866,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"3","first_page":"2695","last_page":"2708"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9797000288963318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9797000288963318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12650","display_name":"Aesthetic Perception and Analysis","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bar-chart","display_name":"Bar chart","score":0.9253000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.8087999820709229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pie-chart","display_name":"Pie chart","score":0.7709000110626221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-visualization","display_name":"Data visualization","score":0.6705999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chart","display_name":"Chart","score":0.6176000237464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-chart","display_name":"Radar chart","score":0.4383000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-visualization","display_name":"Information visualization","score":0.42260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4185999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.3813000023365021}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61122496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124595","display_name":"Bar chart","level":2,"score":0.9253000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.8087999820709229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205208641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273404","display_name":"Pie chart","level":2,"score":0.7709000110626221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7523000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172367668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504956","display_name":"Data visualization","level":3,"score":0.6705999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190812933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28923","display_name":"Chart","level":2,"score":0.6176000237464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.48829999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.47040000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27209215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192777","display_name":"Radar chart","level":2,"score":0.4383000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185578843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10609775","display_name":"Information visualization","level":3,"score":0.42260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4185999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.3813000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132829578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581151","display_name":"Situated","level":2,"score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59732488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528440","display_name":"Visual analytics","level":3,"score":0.34459999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14669888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4014850","display_name":"Creative visualization","level":3,"score":0.3416000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53537400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140637","display_name":"Numeracy","level":3,"score":0.32910001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95981495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192847","display_name":"Gantt chart","level":2,"score":0.3084000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.3050999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019022308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418353","display_name":"Multidimensional data","level":2,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.29249998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91682802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620538","display_name":"Multidimensional scaling","level":2,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.2865000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780977526","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42417149","display_name":"Data exploration","level":3,"score":0.2775000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64073096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Interactive visualization","level":3,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31462909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045782","display_name":"Scatter plot","level":2,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2540999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2026.3653265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2026.3653265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41533620","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41533620","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2026.3653265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2026.3653265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5889738202095032,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6436776388","display_name":"Talking charts","funder_award_id":"ICT20-065","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321003","funder_display_name":"Vienna Science and Technology Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321003","display_name":"Vienna Science and Technology Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01f9mc681"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W884650706","https://openalex.org/W1480414464","https://openalex.org/W1600749570","https://openalex.org/W1629661111","https://openalex.org/W1937349937","https://openalex.org/W1975424506","https://openalex.org/W1979856913","https://openalex.org/W1997106220","https://openalex.org/W1998930452","https://openalex.org/W2000326849","https://openalex.org/W2012783886","https://openalex.org/W2030741913","https://openalex.org/W2050674259","https://openalex.org/W2051090700","https://openalex.org/W2054901814","https://openalex.org/W2061141931","https://openalex.org/W2121849042","https://openalex.org/W2128784840","https://openalex.org/W2132183026","https://openalex.org/W2150806002","https://openalex.org/W2154714130","https://openalex.org/W2156531498","https://openalex.org/W2157467874","https://openalex.org/W2163487732","https://openalex.org/W2460774167","https://openalex.org/W2483275357","https://openalex.org/W2513780624","https://openalex.org/W2543483077","https://openalex.org/W2587411319","https://openalex.org/W2604667168","https://openalex.org/W2800734133","https://openalex.org/W2806823510","https://openalex.org/W2888923291","https://openalex.org/W2904653167","https://openalex.org/W2908042911","https://openalex.org/W2913589238","https://openalex.org/W2990634951","https://openalex.org/W2993459704","https://openalex.org/W3003759491","https://openalex.org/W3011036713","https://openalex.org/W3012223789","https://openalex.org/W3012636922","https://openalex.org/W3031018248","https://openalex.org/W3033407068","https://openalex.org/W3107314676","https://openalex.org/W3168026044","https://openalex.org/W3183661241","https://openalex.org/W3189523071","https://openalex.org/W3196396926","https://openalex.org/W3198316038","https://openalex.org/W3206616824","https://openalex.org/W4210342733","https://openalex.org/W4220757035","https://openalex.org/W4221098204","https://openalex.org/W4242513519","https://openalex.org/W4255983560","https://openalex.org/W4281885906","https://openalex.org/W4288804665","https://openalex.org/W4297965116","https://openalex.org/W4299581396","https://openalex.org/W4366549575","https://openalex.org/W4366550890","https://openalex.org/W4381548138","https://openalex.org/W4382132409","https://openalex.org/W4386325654","https://openalex.org/W4388888507","https://openalex.org/W4391235294","https://openalex.org/W4396832723","https://openalex.org/W4401237114","https://openalex.org/W4406949222","https://openalex.org/W4409736055","https://openalex.org/W4409749572"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"How":[0],"audiences":[1],"read,":[2],"interpret,":[3],"and":[4,32,45,64,95,118,153],"critique":[5],"data":[6,140,160],"visualizations":[7,71],"is":[8],"mainly":[9],"assessed":[10],"through":[11],"performance":[12,162],"tests":[13],"featuring":[14],"tasks":[15],"like":[16],"value":[17,173],"retrieval.":[18],"Yet,":[19],"other":[20],"factors":[21],"shown":[22],"to":[23,69,159,187],"shape":[24],"visualization":[25,176],"understanding,":[26],"such":[27],"as":[28,82,182],"numeracy,":[29],"graph":[30],"familiarity,":[31],"aesthetic":[33],"perception,":[34],"remain":[35],"underrepresented":[36],"in":[37,75,137,144],"existing":[38],"instruments.":[39],"To":[40],"address":[41],"this,":[42],"we":[43],"design":[44],"test":[46],"a":[47,83,101,115,119,131,183],"Multidimensional":[48],"Assessment":[49],"Method":[50],"for":[51,127],"Visualization":[52],"Understanding":[53],"(MdamV).":[54],"This":[55],"method":[56],"integrates":[57],"task-based":[58],"measures":[59],"with":[60,149],"self-perceived":[61],"ability":[62],"ratings":[63],"open-ended":[65],"critique,":[66],"applied":[67],"directly":[68],"the":[70,167,172],"being":[72],"read.":[73],"Grounded":[74],"learning":[76],"sciences":[77],"frameworks":[78],"that":[79,129],"view":[80],"understanding":[81,177],"multifaceted":[84],"process,":[85],"MdamV":[86,170],"spans":[87],"six":[88],"dimensions:":[89],"Comprehending,":[90],"Decoding,":[91],"Aestheticizing,":[92],"Critiquing,":[93],"Reading,":[94],"Contextualizing.":[96],"Validation":[97],"was":[98,156],"supported":[99],"by":[100],"survey":[102],"(N":[103],"=":[104,164],"438)":[105],"representative":[106],"of":[107,133,169,174],"Austria's":[108],"population":[109],"(ages":[110],"18-74,":[111],"male/female":[112],"split),":[113],"using":[114],"line":[116],"chart":[117,121,151],"bar":[120],"on":[122],"climate":[123],"data.":[124],"Findings":[125],"show,":[126],"example,":[128],"about":[130],"quarter":[132],"respondents":[134],"indicate":[135],"deficits":[136],"comprehending":[138],"simple":[139],"units,":[141],"roughly":[142],"one":[143],"five":[145],"people":[146],"felt":[147],"unfamiliar":[148],"each":[150],"type,":[152],"self-assessed":[154],"numeracy":[155],"significantly":[157],"related":[158],"reading":[161],"(p":[163],"0.0004).":[165],"Overall,":[166],"evaluation":[168],"demonstrates":[171],"assessing":[175],"beyond":[178],"performance,":[179],"framing":[180],"it":[181],"situated":[184],"process":[185],"tied":[186],"particular":[188],"visualizations.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-02-13T13:36:01.753593","created_date":"2026-01-15T00:00:00"}