{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408280979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2025.3549858","title":"AR Fitness Dog: Effects of a User-Mimicking Interactive Virtual Pet on User Experience and Social Presence in Physical Exercise","display_name":"AR Fitness Dog: Effects of a User-Mimicking Interactive Virtual Pet on User Experience and Social Presence in Physical Exercise","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408280979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2025.3549858","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40063470"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2025.3549858","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2025.3549858","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079442323","display_name":"Hyeongil Nam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168635309","display_name":"University of Calgary","ror":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hyeongil Nam","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Calgary, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6017-8869","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Calgary, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101677383","display_name":"Kisub Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4071-2558"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800524328","display_name":"Viavi Solutions (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059a9e323","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800524328"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kisub Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huvitz, Inc., Korea","Huvitz, Inc., South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4071-2558","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huvitz, Inc., Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800524328"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huvitz, Inc., South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017254623","display_name":"Jong-Il Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1000-4067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jong-II Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hanyang University, Korea","Hanyang University, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1000-4067","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hanyang University, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hanyang University, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022774858","display_name":"Kangsoo Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0925-378X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168635309","display_name":"University of Calgary","ror":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kangsoo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Calgary, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0925-378X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Calgary, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079442323"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5714,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92833368,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"5","first_page":"2817","last_page":"2827"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12214","display_name":"Media Influence and Health","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11214","display_name":"Human-Animal Interaction Studies","score":0.9643999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7318655848503113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.6890939474105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.43813759088516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.42874813079833984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.4208378195762634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.4157387912273407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.33896148204803467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22285884618759155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.11378058791160583}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7318655848503113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6890939474105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.43813759088516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.42874813079833984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.4208378195762634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.4157387912273407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.33896148204803467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22285884618759155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11378058791160583}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000076142","descriptor_name":"Virtual Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076142","descriptor_name":"Virtual Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076142","descriptor_name":"Virtual Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081411","descriptor_name":"Augmented Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081411","descriptor_name":"Augmented Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081411","descriptor_name":"Augmented Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004285","descriptor_name":"Dogs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004285","descriptor_name":"Dogs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004285","descriptor_name":"Dogs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015444","descriptor_name":"Exercise","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015444","descriptor_name":"Exercise","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015444","descriptor_name":"Exercise","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015444","descriptor_name":"Exercise","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015444","descriptor_name":"Exercise","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015444","descriptor_name":"Exercise","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057805","descriptor_name":"Pets","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057805","descriptor_name":"Pets","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057805","descriptor_name":"Pets","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2025.3549858","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2025.3549858","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40063470","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40063470","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.47999998927116394,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G38663860","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ALLRP 590555\u201323","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6951647360","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN-2022-03294","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323890","display_name":"Korea Creative Content Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/036vyg793"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15068304","https://openalex.org/W277005753","https://openalex.org/W1562529763","https://openalex.org/W1918019091","https://openalex.org/W1975654322","https://openalex.org/W1979912700","https://openalex.org/W2010634054","https://openalex.org/W2014833927","https://openalex.org/W2033943395","https://openalex.org/W2066301907","https://openalex.org/W2071365348","https://openalex.org/W2087484885","https://openalex.org/W2110365529","https://openalex.org/W2110869558","https://openalex.org/W2115048287","https://openalex.org/W2115725315","https://openalex.org/W2116807229","https://openalex.org/W2118363134","https://openalex.org/W2136179834","https://openalex.org/W2166784537","https://openalex.org/W2167476990","https://openalex.org/W2317554271","https://openalex.org/W2518575185","https://openalex.org/W2524234064","https://openalex.org/W2530001457","https://openalex.org/W2610088798","https://openalex.org/W2756029264","https://openalex.org/W2887440633","https://openalex.org/W2895398096","https://openalex.org/W2896534029","https://openalex.org/W2901639199","https://openalex.org/W2905289880","https://openalex.org/W2925332964","https://openalex.org/W2981832620","https://openalex.org/W2991496862","https://openalex.org/W3000357774","https://openalex.org/W3012496422","https://openalex.org/W3086392706","https://openalex.org/W3094322627","https://openalex.org/W3121152439","https://openalex.org/W3186289503","https://openalex.org/W3193318308","https://openalex.org/W3195248928","https://openalex.org/W3204339523","https://openalex.org/W3207077386","https://openalex.org/W4200518939","https://openalex.org/W4210247283","https://openalex.org/W4223435449","https://openalex.org/W4224267158","https://openalex.org/W4224275168","https://openalex.org/W4311421539","https://openalex.org/W4319438391","https://openalex.org/W4327606233","https://openalex.org/W4366590841","https://openalex.org/W4380872105","https://openalex.org/W4388599251","https://openalex.org/W4392238274","https://openalex.org/W4399126747","https://openalex.org/W6632268283","https://openalex.org/W6739368594"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068608913","https://openalex.org/W3124914020","https://openalex.org/W2141033859","https://openalex.org/W2156434174","https://openalex.org/W2071701083","https://openalex.org/W2383687187","https://openalex.org/W2081517010","https://openalex.org/W2121496884","https://openalex.org/W2387910809","https://openalex.org/W2294221496"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,133],"paper":[1],"explores":[2],"the":[3,18,29,77,83,97,103,120,136],"impact":[4],"of":[5,75,82,115,138],"an":[6],"augmented":[7],"reality":[8],"(AR)":[9],"virtual":[10,30,49,54,58,84,99,121,140],"dog,":[11,50,55],"designed":[12],"to":[13,142],"mimic":[14],"user":[15],"behavior,":[16],"on":[17,28],"exercise":[19,88,104,148],"experience":[20,89],"in":[21,65,68,107],"both":[22,144],"solo":[23,63,108],"and":[24,56,79,90,131,146,150],"group":[25,118,129,147],"settings.":[26],"Focusing":[27],"pet's":[31],"role":[32],"as":[33,124],"a":[34,41,47,51,72,112,125],"companion":[35],"during":[36],"physical":[37,80],"activity,":[38],"we":[39],"conducted":[40],"human-subject":[42],"experiment":[43],"comparing":[44],"three":[45],"conditions:":[46],"mimicking":[48,98],"randomly":[52],"behaving":[53],"no":[57],"dog.":[59],"Participants":[60],"exercised":[61],"either":[62],"or":[64],"groups,":[66],"specifically":[67],"pairs,":[69],"allowing":[70],"for":[71,154],"detailed":[73],"analysis":[74],"how":[76],"behavior":[78],"presence":[81],"dog":[85,100,122],"influenced":[86],"users'":[87],"social":[91,126],"connections.":[92],"The":[93],"findings":[94],"demonstrate":[95],"that":[96],"significantly":[101],"enhanced":[102],"experience,":[105],"especially":[106],"settings,":[109],"by":[110],"fostering":[111],"stronger":[113],"sense":[114],"companionship.":[116],"In":[117],"exercises,":[119],"acted":[123],"facilitator,":[127],"improving":[128],"cohesion":[130],"interaction.":[132],"research":[134],"highlights":[135],"potential":[137],"behavior-mimicking":[139],"pets":[141],"enhance":[143],"individual":[145],"experiences":[149],"offers":[151],"valuable":[152],"insights":[153],"developing":[155],"AR-based":[156],"fitness":[157],"applications.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
