{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402389462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2024.3456164","title":"Tasks Reflected in the Eyes: Egocentric Gaze-Aware Visual Task Type Recognition in Virtual Reality","display_name":"Tasks Reflected in the Eyes: Egocentric Gaze-Aware Visual Task Type Recognition in Virtual Reality","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402389462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2024.3456164","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39255152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2024.3456164","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2024.3456164","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100773655","display_name":"Zhimin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5089-977X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhimin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5089-977X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050527785","display_name":"Feng Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9064-7964"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9064-7964","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2603,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78881379,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"11","first_page":"7277","last_page":"7287"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9642999768257141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaze","display_name":"Gaze","score":0.8071659803390503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7777444124221802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.7496141791343689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6201308369636536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5658964514732361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5543837547302246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.4827001094818115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4583001732826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.34142208099365234}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779916870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14467155","display_name":"Gaze","level":2,"score":0.8071659803390503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7777444124221802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.7496141791343689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6201308369636536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5658964514732361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5543837547302246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.4827001094818115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4583001732826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.34142208099365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000076142","descriptor_name":"Virtual Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076142","descriptor_name":"Virtual Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076142","descriptor_name":"Virtual Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076142","descriptor_name":"Virtual Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000084542","descriptor_name":"Eye-Tracking Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000084542","descriptor_name":"Eye-Tracking Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000084542","descriptor_name":"Eye-Tracking Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000084542","descriptor_name":"Eye-Tracking Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005133","descriptor_name":"Eye Movements","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005133","descriptor_name":"Eye Movements","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005133","descriptor_name":"Eye Movements","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005133","descriptor_name":"Eye Movements","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005403","descriptor_name":"Fixation, Ocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005403","descriptor_name":"Fixation, Ocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005403","descriptor_name":"Fixation, Ocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005403","descriptor_name":"Fixation, Ocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019416","descriptor_name":"Head Movements","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019416","descriptor_name":"Head Movements","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019416","descriptor_name":"Head Movements","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019416","descriptor_name":"Head Movements","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2024.3456164","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2024.3456164","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39255152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39255152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6976983210","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62372019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W76943655","https://openalex.org/W109919546","https://openalex.org/W1968660512","https://openalex.org/W1977177161","https://openalex.org/W2007163867","https://openalex.org/W2033362164","https://openalex.org/W2067450646","https://openalex.org/W2068419217","https://openalex.org/W2094469348","https://openalex.org/W2094539281","https://openalex.org/W2114093241","https://openalex.org/W2126698740","https://openalex.org/W2147299944","https://openalex.org/W2164084182","https://openalex.org/W2178055113","https://openalex.org/W2331872534","https://openalex.org/W2336403884","https://openalex.org/W2607262101","https://openalex.org/W2613328025","https://openalex.org/W2620664872","https://openalex.org/W2752561456","https://openalex.org/W2793467602","https://openalex.org/W2806754636","https://openalex.org/W2810218536","https://openalex.org/W2889332504","https://openalex.org/W2908123493","https://openalex.org/W2952529115","https://openalex.org/W2975792903","https://openalex.org/W2990690969","https://openalex.org/W3005758474","https://openalex.org/W3019840411","https://openalex.org/W3032900458","https://openalex.org/W3087006464","https://openalex.org/W3116043791","https://openalex.org/W3118436759","https://openalex.org/W3118648637","https://openalex.org/W3161128708","https://openalex.org/W3163359570","https://openalex.org/W3164089640","https://openalex.org/W3199591511","https://openalex.org/W4200268870","https://openalex.org/W4211165038","https://openalex.org/W4224218741","https://openalex.org/W4224985369","https://openalex.org/W4225627395","https://openalex.org/W4285815224","https://openalex.org/W4294068695","https://openalex.org/W4296617597","https://openalex.org/W4297697565","https://openalex.org/W4311701847","https://openalex.org/W4377996622","https://openalex.org/W4377997043","https://openalex.org/W4387299733","https://openalex.org/W4389314057","https://openalex.org/W4390874575","https://openalex.org/W4399120381","https://openalex.org/W6776700526"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1880689012","https://openalex.org/W3014378845","https://openalex.org/W4240909707","https://openalex.org/W2059546927","https://openalex.org/W3207760378","https://openalex.org/W4386072035","https://openalex.org/W2562758970","https://openalex.org/W1986970529","https://openalex.org/W1563178652","https://openalex.org/W2947492009"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"eye":[1,13,89],"tracking":[2],"finding":[3],"widespread":[4],"utility":[5],"in":[6,101,148],"augmented":[7],"reality":[8,11],"and":[9,23,90,155],"virtual":[10,26],"headsets,":[12],"gaze":[14],"has":[15],"the":[16,31,130],"potential":[17],"to":[18,57],"recognize":[19],"users'":[20],"visual":[21,40],"tasks":[22,50],"adaptively":[24],"adjust":[25],"content":[27,146],"displays,":[28],"thereby":[29],"enhancing":[30],"intelligence":[32],"of":[33,80,133],"these":[34],"headsets.":[35],"However,":[36],"current":[37],"studies":[38],"on":[39,45],"task":[41,69,73,103,118,134],"recognition":[42,75,120,136],"often":[43],"focus":[44],"scene-specific":[46],"tasks,":[47],"like":[48],"copying":[49],"for":[51,71,145],"office":[52],"environments,":[53],"which":[54,123],"lack":[55],"applicability":[56],"new":[58,85],"scenarios,":[59],"e.g.,":[60],"museums.":[61],"In":[62],"this":[63,111],"paper,":[64],"we":[65,113,128],"propose":[66,114],"four":[67,102],"scene-agnostic":[68],"types":[70,104],"facilitating":[72],"type":[74,119,135],"across":[76,105],"a":[77,84],"broader":[78],"range":[79],"scenarios.":[81],"We":[82],"present":[83],"dataset":[86,154],"that":[87],"includes":[88],"head":[91],"movement":[92],"data":[93],"recorded":[94],"from":[95],"20":[96],"participants":[97],"while":[98],"they":[99],"engaged":[100],"15":[106],"360-degree":[107],"VR":[108],"videos.":[109],"Using":[110],"dataset,":[112],"an":[115],"egocentric":[116],"gaze-aware":[117],"method,":[121],"TRCLP,":[122],"achieves":[124],"promising":[125],"results.":[126],"Additionally,":[127],"illustrate":[129],"practical":[131],"applications":[132],"with":[137],"three":[138],"examples.":[139],"Our":[140,153],"work":[141],"offers":[142],"valuable":[143],"insights":[144],"developers":[147],"designing":[149],"task-aware":[150],"intelligent":[151],"applications.":[152],"source":[156],"code":[157],"are":[158],"available":[159],"at":[160],"zhimin-wang.github.io/TaskTypeRecognition.html.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}