{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402401827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2024.3456148","title":"The Effects of Depth of Knowledge of a Virtual Agent","display_name":"The Effects of Depth of Knowledge of a Virtual Agent","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402401827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2024.3456148","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39255105"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2024.3456148","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2024.3456148","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029167676","display_name":"Fu\u2010Chia Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-4836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fu-Chia Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Graphics Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Graphics Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057609707","display_name":"Kevin Duque","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98461037","display_name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey","ror":"https://ror.org/03ayjn504","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Duque","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering and Science, Tecnol&#x00F3;gico de Monterrey, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico","Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering and Science, Tecnol&#x00F3;gico de Monterrey, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032128882","display_name":"Christos Mousas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0955-7959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christos Mousas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Graphics Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Graphics Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029167676"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.4043,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98863283,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"11","first_page":"7140","last_page":"7151"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13565","display_name":"Education and Learning Interventions","score":0.593500018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13565","display_name":"Education and Learning Interventions","score":0.593500018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7600679993629456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.45908230543136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.44353169202804565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.37363654375076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.3670123815536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3081790804862976}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7600679993629456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.45908230543136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.44353169202804565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.37363654375076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.3670123815536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3081790804862976}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000076142","descriptor_name":"Virtual Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076142","descriptor_name":"Virtual Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076142","descriptor_name":"Virtual Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076142","descriptor_name":"Virtual Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019359","descriptor_name":"Knowledge","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019359","descriptor_name":"Knowledge","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019359","descriptor_name":"Knowledge","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019359","descriptor_name":"Knowledge","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2024.3456148","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2024.3456148","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39255105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39255105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43120215","https://openalex.org/W1975348168","https://openalex.org/W1983087537","https://openalex.org/W2005214700","https://openalex.org/W2032568497","https://openalex.org/W2033748464","https://openalex.org/W2043428557","https://openalex.org/W2052322125","https://openalex.org/W2069287462","https://openalex.org/W2087484885","https://openalex.org/W2090749585","https://openalex.org/W2093613635","https://openalex.org/W2094423464","https://openalex.org/W2099482242","https://openalex.org/W2118957105","https://openalex.org/W2145170325","https://openalex.org/W2149595999","https://openalex.org/W2151409822","https://openalex.org/W2155100223","https://openalex.org/W2312577931","https://openalex.org/W2321336783","https://openalex.org/W2323363676","https://openalex.org/W2479744534","https://openalex.org/W2549023150","https://openalex.org/W2620789817","https://openalex.org/W2752251272","https://openalex.org/W2788535313","https://openalex.org/W2809182044","https://openalex.org/W2883143644","https://openalex.org/W2888343911","https://openalex.org/W2904977265","https://openalex.org/W2911637612","https://openalex.org/W2916904544","https://openalex.org/W2925616465","https://openalex.org/W2981081593","https://openalex.org/W3032875465","https://openalex.org/W3048100966","https://openalex.org/W3082818995","https://openalex.org/W3089889604","https://openalex.org/W3092479831","https://openalex.org/W3092788160","https://openalex.org/W3094833381","https://openalex.org/W3118898753","https://openalex.org/W3132308720","https://openalex.org/W3159367349","https://openalex.org/W3162441579","https://openalex.org/W3203211826","https://openalex.org/W4224300214","https://openalex.org/W4231799929","https://openalex.org/W4288359812","https://openalex.org/W4297812357","https://openalex.org/W4308101960","https://openalex.org/W4312709422","https://openalex.org/W4323655724","https://openalex.org/W4366980161","https://openalex.org/W4384561707","https://openalex.org/W4385988359","https://openalex.org/W4387665611","https://openalex.org/W4389302490","https://openalex.org/W4389314119","https://openalex.org/W4391136507","https://openalex.org/W4396852934","https://openalex.org/W4402665833","https://openalex.org/W6607419911","https://openalex.org/W6634857555","https://openalex.org/W6684008928","https://openalex.org/W6685793275","https://openalex.org/W6850202480","https://openalex.org/W6850982024","https://openalex.org/W6852319772","https://openalex.org/W6854422757","https://openalex.org/W6857026196","https://openalex.org/W6857505373","https://openalex.org/W6861190020"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068608913","https://openalex.org/W3124914020","https://openalex.org/W2141033859","https://openalex.org/W2077542787","https://openalex.org/W2156434174","https://openalex.org/W2071701083","https://openalex.org/W2383687187","https://openalex.org/W2070401501","https://openalex.org/W2059650074","https://openalex.org/W4285504728"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,20,46,105,121],"explored":[1],"the":[2,33,51,57,61,78,82,95,138,150],"impact":[3],"of":[4,6,30,35,60,77,85,91,152,157],"depth":[5,84,156],"knowledge":[7,31,54,75,86,158],"on":[8,149],"conversational":[9,127,171],"agents":[10,128],"and":[11,27,38,63,100,116,132,169],"human":[12],"perceptions":[13,59,90],"in":[14,32,142],"a":[15],"virtual":[16,79,154],"reality":[17],"(VR)":[18],"environment.":[19],"designed":[21],"experimental":[22],"conditions":[23],"with":[24],"low,":[25],"medium,":[26],"high":[28],"depths":[29],"domain":[34],"game":[36,43],"development":[37,44],"tested":[39],"them":[40],"among":[41],"27":[42],"students.":[45],"aimed":[47],"to":[48,137,159],"understand":[49],"how":[50],"agent's":[52,83],"predefined":[53],"levels":[55,76],"affected":[56],"participants'":[58,89],"agent":[62],"its":[64],"knowledge.":[65],"Our":[66],"findings":[67],"showed":[68],"that":[69],"participants":[70],"could":[71],"distinguish":[72],"between":[73,110],"different":[74],"agent.":[80],"Moreover,":[81],"significantly":[87],"impacted":[88],"intelligence,":[92,114],"rapport,":[93],"factuality,":[94,115],"uncanny":[96],"valley":[97],"effect,":[98],"anthropomorphism,":[99],"willingness":[101,117],"for":[102,118,125],"future":[103,119],"interaction.":[104],"also":[106],"found":[107],"strong":[108],"correlations":[109],"perceived":[111,113],"knowledge,":[112],"interactions.":[120],"developed":[122],"design":[123],"guidelines":[124],"creating":[126],"from":[129],"our":[130],"data":[131],"observations.":[133],"This":[134],"study":[135],"contributes":[136],"human-agent":[139],"interaction":[140],"field":[141],"VR":[143],"settings":[144],"by":[145],"providing":[146],"empirical":[147],"evidence":[148],"importance":[151],"tailoring":[153],"agents'":[155],"improve":[160],"user":[161],"experience,":[162],"offering":[163],"insights":[164],"into":[165],"designing":[166],"more":[167],"engaging":[168],"effective":[170],"agents.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
