{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387885718","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2023.3326590","title":"The Arrangement of Marks Impacts Afforded Messages: Ordering, Partitioning, Spacing, and Coloring in Bar Charts","display_name":"The Arrangement of Marks Impacts Afforded Messages: Ordering, Partitioning, Spacing, and Coloring in Bar Charts","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387885718","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2023.3326590","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37871066"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2023.3326590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2023.3326590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025409200","display_name":"Racquel Fygenson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0705-9000"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Racquel Fygenson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043405353","display_name":"Steven Franconeri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5244-9764"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven Franconeri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102923390","display_name":"Enrico Bertini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-0551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrico Bertini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025409200"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8643,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75966012,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"1","first_page":"1008","last_page":"1018"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9200999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notice","display_name":"Notice","score":0.8667817115783691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7835462093353271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.6309905052185059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.5876625776290894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chart","display_name":"Chart","score":0.5787186026573181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bar-chart","display_name":"Bar chart","score":0.5185985565185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5028080940246582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.48759880661964417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4457019865512848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3530856966972351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.34071674942970276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.24321934580802917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.18249213695526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.1487816870212555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1456078588962555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12148132920265198}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779913896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7063001","display_name":"Notice","level":2,"score":0.8667817115783691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7835462093353271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.6309905052185059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.5876625776290894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190812933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28923","display_name":"Chart","level":2,"score":0.5787186026573181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61122496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124595","display_name":"Bar chart","level":2,"score":0.5185985565185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5028080940246582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.48759880661964417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4457019865512848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3530856966972351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34071674942970276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.24321934580802917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.18249213695526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.1487816870212555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1456078588962555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12148132920265198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2023.3326590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2023.3326590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37871066","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37871066","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8461088761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2236644","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W884650706","https://openalex.org/W1550678088","https://openalex.org/W1555838483","https://openalex.org/W1726122953","https://openalex.org/W1768437371","https://openalex.org/W1823329909","https://openalex.org/W1954569224","https://openalex.org/W1976120372","https://openalex.org/W1985235331","https://openalex.org/W1987135115","https://openalex.org/W1989725131","https://openalex.org/W1992743299","https://openalex.org/W2002727835","https://openalex.org/W2005817474","https://openalex.org/W2013390211","https://openalex.org/W2017537431","https://openalex.org/W2040641857","https://openalex.org/W2050286206","https://openalex.org/W2054901814","https://openalex.org/W2058203255","https://openalex.org/W2058461761","https://openalex.org/W2062589546","https://openalex.org/W2070664725","https://openalex.org/W2083278887","https://openalex.org/W2086471003","https://openalex.org/W2091041273","https://openalex.org/W2095738647","https://openalex.org/W2104060123","https://openalex.org/W2112974919","https://openalex.org/W2117470435","https://openalex.org/W2120326355","https://openalex.org/W2123334556","https://openalex.org/W2139262486","https://openalex.org/W2140716217","https://openalex.org/W2151823074","https://openalex.org/W2156475559","https://openalex.org/W2159593279","https://openalex.org/W2168440500","https://openalex.org/W2168629730","https://openalex.org/W2181523240","https://openalex.org/W2190177721","https://openalex.org/W2324134362","https://openalex.org/W2372597515","https://openalex.org/W2416272719","https://openalex.org/W2430474579","https://openalex.org/W2513780624","https://openalex.org/W2795622273","https://openalex.org/W2891526231","https://openalex.org/W2914698734","https://openalex.org/W2940562782","https://openalex.org/W2949509027","https://openalex.org/W3080867337","https://openalex.org/W3204328103","https://openalex.org/W3211561717","https://openalex.org/W4200375399","https://openalex.org/W4221069612","https://openalex.org/W4242372420","https://openalex.org/W4243432123","https://openalex.org/W4281680021","https://openalex.org/W4291138180","https://openalex.org/W4297094772","https://openalex.org/W4297489900","https://openalex.org/W4312306525","https://openalex.org/W4313270779"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4236230270","https://openalex.org/W1499232172","https://openalex.org/W4254627246","https://openalex.org/W2487768403","https://openalex.org/W2101830037","https://openalex.org/W4243489664","https://openalex.org/W2970848727","https://openalex.org/W3009603321","https://openalex.org/W2905210242","https://openalex.org/W4379390844"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Data":[0],"visualizations":[1,178],"present":[2,114],"a":[3,25,32,40,49,58,71,86,115,153],"massive":[4],"number":[5],"of":[6,39,43,117,120,138,145,168,171],"potential":[7],"messages":[8],"to":[9,52,93,108],"an":[10],"observer.":[11],"One":[12],"might":[13],"notice":[14,53,94],"that":[15,24,48,57,156],"one":[16],"group's":[17],"average":[18],"is":[19,29,62,95,106,157],"larger":[20],"than":[21,31],"another's,":[22],"or":[23,37,79],"difference":[26,33],"in":[27,70,132],"values":[28,67,76],"smaller":[30],"between":[34,85],"two":[35],"others,":[36],"any":[38],"combinatorial":[41],"explosion":[42],"other":[44,177],"possibilities.":[45],"The":[46],"message":[47,56,174],"viewer":[50],"tends":[51],"-":[54,61],"the":[55,75,83,141,169],"visualization":[59],"'affords'":[60],"strongly":[63],"affected":[64],"by":[65,130],"how":[66,74,121],"are":[68,77,186],"arranged":[69],"chart,":[72],"e.g.,":[73],"colored":[78],"positioned.":[80],"Although":[81],"understanding":[82],"mapping":[84],"chart's":[87],"arrangement":[88,172],"and":[89,100,126,136,161,179,182,190],"what":[90],"viewers":[91],"tend":[92],"critical":[96],"for":[97,165],"creating":[98],"guidelines":[99],"recommendation":[101],"systems,":[102],"current":[103],"empirical":[104,118],"work":[105],"insufficient":[107],"lay":[109],"out":[110],"clear":[111],"rules.":[112],"We":[113],"set":[116],"evaluations":[119],"different":[122],"messages-including":[123],"ranking,":[124],"grouping,":[125],"part-to-whole":[127],"relationships-are":[128],"afforded":[129],"variations":[131],"ordering,":[133],"partitioning,":[134],"spacing,":[135],"coloring":[137],"values,":[139],"within":[140],"ubiquitous":[142],"case":[143],"study":[144],"bar":[146],"graphs.":[147],"In":[148],"doing":[149],"so,":[150],"we":[151],"introduce":[152],"quantitative":[154],"method":[155],"easily":[158],"scalable,":[159],"reviewable,":[160],"replicable,":[162],"laying":[163],"groundwork":[164],"further":[166],"investigation":[167],"effects":[170],"on":[173],"affordances":[175],"across":[176],"tasks.":[180],"Pre-registration":[181],"all":[183],"supplemental":[184],"materials":[185],"available":[187],"at":[188],"https://osf.io/np3q7":[189],"https://osf.io/bvy95,":[191],"respectively.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}