{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4306910373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2022.3216211","title":"Strolling in Room-Scale VR: Hex-Core-MK1 Omnidirectional Treadmill","display_name":"Strolling in Room-Scale VR: Hex-Core-MK1 Omnidirectional Treadmill","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4306910373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2022.3216211","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36264727"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2022.3216211","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2022.3216211","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100653208","display_name":"Ziyao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7963-2286"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziyao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7963-2286","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001600021","display_name":"Chiyi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9381-2988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chiyi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101461171","display_name":"Jialiang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5795-9433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jialiang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100389461","display_name":"Yao Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5472-2200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031873375","display_name":"Dazheng Fang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dazheng Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106407656","display_name":"Zhiyi Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6866-784X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyi Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104115421","display_name":"Rui Yan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024147520","display_name":"Yiye Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2880-3425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiye Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2880-3425","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031077283","display_name":"Kanjian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0914-7685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KanJian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0914-7685","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100452497","display_name":"Hai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2860-1954"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66890659","display_name":"Saint Mary's University","ror":"https://ror.org/010zh7098","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66890659"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Saint Mary&#x0027;s University, Halifax, NS, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Saint Mary&#x0027;s University, Halifax, NS, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66890659"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051266803","display_name":"Haikun Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6667-3166"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haikun Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6667-3166","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.899,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70154305,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"12","first_page":"5538","last_page":"5555"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10879","display_name":"Robotic Locomotion and Control","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10879","display_name":"Robotic Locomotion and Control","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11615","display_name":"Control and Dynamics of Mobile Robots","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.979200005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/omnidirectional-antenna","display_name":"Omnidirectional antenna","score":0.7508329749107361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6575392484664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acceleration","display_name":"Acceleration","score":0.5533301830291748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.5247252583503723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.5187695026397705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.47718799114227295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immersion","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","score":0.47209709882736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.4167574644088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3470105528831482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.33457058668136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3206544518470764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14080387353897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10172608494758606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09616225957870483}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24027999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2176348","display_name":"Omnidirectional antenna","level":3,"score":0.7508329749107361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6575392484664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.5533301830291748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.5247252583503723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.5187695026397705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.47718799114227295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199068039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574523","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47209709882736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.4167574644088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3470105528831482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.33457058668136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3206544518470764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14080387353897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10172608494758606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09616225957870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2022.3216211","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2022.3216211","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36264727","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36264727","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.699999988079071,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3174517361","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61773118","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4200041114","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61973083","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W340745007","https://openalex.org/W1488629053","https://openalex.org/W1922794747","https://openalex.org/W1987003699","https://openalex.org/W1991620767","https://openalex.org/W2004206016","https://openalex.org/W2006678613","https://openalex.org/W2014442018","https://openalex.org/W2018915700","https://openalex.org/W2029906397","https://openalex.org/W2047923699","https://openalex.org/W2055342894","https://openalex.org/W2064085882","https://openalex.org/W2066727705","https://openalex.org/W2067270234","https://openalex.org/W2089434890","https://openalex.org/W2101004019","https://openalex.org/W2110738137","https://openalex.org/W2115954817","https://openalex.org/W2126195922","https://openalex.org/W2140460988","https://openalex.org/W2148158693","https://openalex.org/W2151743396","https://openalex.org/W2158085556","https://openalex.org/W2171345873","https://openalex.org/W2231797141","https://openalex.org/W2277256083","https://openalex.org/W2294765495","https://openalex.org/W2297924971","https://openalex.org/W2405871711","https://openalex.org/W2408265761","https://openalex.org/W2419812876","https://openalex.org/W2550891696","https://openalex.org/W2562199918","https://openalex.org/W2566288873","https://openalex.org/W2585755160","https://openalex.org/W2615297659","https://openalex.org/W2774467220","https://openalex.org/W2787814432","https://openalex.org/W2796517718","https://openalex.org/W2808457996","https://openalex.org/W2816022738","https://openalex.org/W2889015188","https://openalex.org/W2889591794","https://openalex.org/W2891648701","https://openalex.org/W2902058707","https://openalex.org/W2902942935","https://openalex.org/W2904462746","https://openalex.org/W2916821111","https://openalex.org/W2967688122","https://openalex.org/W2967868068","https://openalex.org/W2968317659","https://openalex.org/W3025439719","https://openalex.org/W3029994579","https://openalex.org/W4256256768","https://openalex.org/W6611550594","https://openalex.org/W6694552041","https://openalex.org/W6717593379","https://openalex.org/W6777658888"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378132701","https://openalex.org/W3000714840","https://openalex.org/W2902011785","https://openalex.org/W2017424540","https://openalex.org/W3178192039","https://openalex.org/W2746925882","https://openalex.org/W4379656179","https://openalex.org/W3211501801","https://openalex.org/W2382303480","https://openalex.org/W4361027796"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,29,165,173],"natural":[1,22],"locomotion":[2,31],"interface":[3],"is":[4,71,133,145,170],"critical":[5],"to":[6,62],"the":[7,64,114,120,127],"development":[8],"of":[9,58,73,81,105,116,131,136,140,168,183,192],"many":[10],"VR":[11,15,159],"applications.":[12],"For":[13],"household":[14],"applications,":[16],"there":[17],"are":[18],"two":[19,39,56,121],"basic":[20],"requirements:":[21],"immersive":[23],"experience":[24],"and":[25,109,118,138,188],"minimized":[26],"space":[27],"occupation.":[28],"existing":[30,100],"strategies":[32],"generally":[33],"do":[34],"not":[35],"simultaneously":[36],"satisfy":[37],"these":[38],"requirements":[40],"well.":[41],"This":[42],"article":[43],"presents":[44],"a":[45,79,146,180,189],"novel":[46],"omnidirectional":[47,65],"treadmill":[48],"(ODT)":[49],"system":[50,70,166],"named":[51],"Hex-Core-MK1":[52],"(HCMK1).":[53],"By":[54],"implementing":[55],"kinds":[57],"mirror-symmetrical":[59],"spiral":[60],"rollers":[61],"generate":[63],"velocity":[66],"field,":[67],"this":[68],"proposed":[69],"capable":[72],"providing":[74],"real":[75],"walking":[76],"experiences":[77],"with":[78,113],"full-degree":[80],"freedom":[82],"in":[83,103],"an":[84],"area":[85],"as":[86,88,162],"small":[87],"1.76":[89],"m":[90],"<inline-formula><tex-math":[91,186,195],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$^{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[92,187,196],",":[93],"while":[94],"delivering":[95],"great":[96],"advantages":[97],"over":[98],"several":[99],"ODT":[101],"systems":[102],"terms":[104],"weight,":[106],"volume,":[107],"latency":[108,167],"dynamic":[110],"performance.":[111],"Compared":[112],"sizes":[115],"Infinadeck":[117,137],"HCP,":[119],"best":[122],"motor-driven":[123],"ODTs":[124],"so":[125],"far,":[126],"8":[128],"cm":[129],"height":[130],"HCMK1":[132,144,169,177],"only":[134,150,171],"20%":[135],"50%":[139],"HCP.":[141],"In":[142],"addition,":[143],"lightweight":[147],"device":[148],"weighing":[149],"110":[151],"kg,":[152],"which":[153],"provides":[154],"possibilities":[155],"for":[156],"further":[157],"expanding":[158],"scenarios,":[160],"such":[161],"terrain":[163],"simulation.":[164],"9ms.":[172],"experiments":[174],"show":[175],"that":[176],"can":[178],"deliver":[179],"starting":[181],"acceleration":[182,191],"16.00":[184],"m/s":[185,194],"braking":[190],"30.00":[193],".":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}