{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4297964677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209469","title":"ASTF: Visual Abstractions of Time-Varying Patterns in Radio Signals","display_name":"ASTF: Visual Abstractions of Time-Varying Patterns in Radio Signals","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4297964677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209469","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36170397"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209469","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209469","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071560359","display_name":"Ying Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4200-5200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ying Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025602204","display_name":"Luhao Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6221-2530"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luhao Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002135895","display_name":"Huixuan Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0578-8373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huixuan Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071662958","display_name":"Genghuai Bai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Genghuai Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100423029","display_name":"Zhao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-7969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100366946","display_name":"Qiang Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0591-0236"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Blind Signal Processing, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Blind Signal Processing, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100778980","display_name":"Yun Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4002-1282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115500957","display_name":"Yuchao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9368-4483"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuchao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation, Qingdao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100736732","display_name":"Fangfang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-0551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fangfang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071560359"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3218,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93715872,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8058596849441528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.6774083375930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagram","display_name":"Diagram","score":0.6190887689590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.5823013186454773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time\u2013frequency-analysis","display_name":"Time\u2013frequency analysis","score":0.5701016187667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-shifting","display_name":"Time shifting","score":0.5315399169921875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstraction","display_name":"Abstraction","score":0.5198993682861328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.4814947843551636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4477092921733856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.44429609179496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35751014947891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3553197383880615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.1552557349205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13439083099365234}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8058596849441528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.6774083375930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186399060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959962","display_name":"Diagram","level":2,"score":0.6190887689590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.5823013186454773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142433447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7806653","display_name":"Time\u2013frequency analysis","level":3,"score":0.5701016187667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104759252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187120","display_name":"Time shifting","level":3,"score":0.5315399169921875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.5198993682861328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.4814947843551636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4477092921733856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.44429609179496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35751014947891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3553197383880615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.1552557349205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13439083099365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209469","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209469","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36170397","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36170397","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1566349786","https://openalex.org/W1737196757","https://openalex.org/W1953684276","https://openalex.org/W1969745267","https://openalex.org/W1983704194","https://openalex.org/W1988981069","https://openalex.org/W1991392515","https://openalex.org/W1994984331","https://openalex.org/W1995923922","https://openalex.org/W2005542222","https://openalex.org/W2010787267","https://openalex.org/W2022893238","https://openalex.org/W2029912643","https://openalex.org/W2045472572","https://openalex.org/W2065647025","https://openalex.org/W2066796814","https://openalex.org/W2078054065","https://openalex.org/W2084342922","https://openalex.org/W2095721082","https://openalex.org/W2097924927","https://openalex.org/W2107633943","https://openalex.org/W2113386367","https://openalex.org/W2119323564","https://openalex.org/W2121418890","https://openalex.org/W2124451897","https://openalex.org/W2127551391","https://openalex.org/W2129896776","https://openalex.org/W2138195009","https://openalex.org/W2147353820","https://openalex.org/W2152460728","https://openalex.org/W2158368697","https://openalex.org/W2159724749","https://openalex.org/W2163487757","https://openalex.org/W2165878107","https://openalex.org/W2171556427","https://openalex.org/W2269819811","https://openalex.org/W2285670967","https://openalex.org/W2294510862","https://openalex.org/W2304380770","https://openalex.org/W2401233234","https://openalex.org/W2529597677","https://openalex.org/W2531148809","https://openalex.org/W2600842288","https://openalex.org/W2604186664","https://openalex.org/W2612231277","https://openalex.org/W2732260623","https://openalex.org/W2736157438","https://openalex.org/W2806465877","https://openalex.org/W2888804504","https://openalex.org/W2891789817","https://openalex.org/W2900880305","https://openalex.org/W2943863288","https://openalex.org/W2969826675","https://openalex.org/W2971778960","https://openalex.org/W2994798987","https://openalex.org/W2996086865","https://openalex.org/W2997001628","https://openalex.org/W3020890408","https://openalex.org/W3036436580","https://openalex.org/W3092277776","https://openalex.org/W3119360901","https://openalex.org/W4224219710","https://openalex.org/W4250503569","https://openalex.org/W6674883664","https://openalex.org/W6693988667","https://openalex.org/W6696095240","https://openalex.org/W6727956234","https://openalex.org/W6737363664","https://openalex.org/W6754100613"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2045155990","https://openalex.org/W4313163053","https://openalex.org/W4300973204","https://openalex.org/W1483408780","https://openalex.org/W4284884309","https://openalex.org/W4243842598","https://openalex.org/W2105980483","https://openalex.org/W1530810502","https://openalex.org/W2133340293","https://openalex.org/W2392123541"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,95],"time-frequency":[1,11,68],"diagram":[2,70,77,148],"is":[3,83,99],"a":[4,53,58,79,103,115,137],"commonly":[5],"used":[6],"visualization":[7],"for":[8,40,149],"observing":[9],"the":[10,76,122,129,144,147],"distribution":[12],"of":[13,21,124,146],"radio":[14,25],"signals":[15],"and":[16,27,114,136],"analyzing":[17],"their":[18],"time-varying":[19,50,126],"patterns":[20,51],"communication":[22,89],"states":[23],"in":[24,52,92,128],"monitoring":[26],"management.":[28],"While":[29],"it":[30,37,45],"excels":[31],"when":[32],"performing":[33],"short-term":[34],"signal":[35,42,49,67,88,151],"analyses,":[36],"becomes":[38],"inadaptable":[39],"long-term":[41,150],"analyses":[43],"because":[44],"cannot":[46],"adequately":[47],"depict":[48],"large":[54,104],"time":[55,93,96,105,108,130],"span":[56,106],"on":[57],"space-limited":[59],"screen.":[60],"This":[61],"research":[62],"thus":[63],"presents":[64],"an":[65],"abstract":[66],"(ASTF)":[69],"to":[71,85,101,120,142],"address":[72],"this":[73],"problem.":[74],"In":[75],"design,":[78],"visual":[80],"abstraction":[81],"method":[82],"proposed":[84,100],"visually":[86],"encode":[87],"state":[90],"changes":[91],"slices.":[94,109],"segmentation":[97],"algorithm":[98,133],"divide":[102],"into":[107],"Three":[110],"new":[111],"quantified":[112],"metrics":[113],"loss":[116],"function":[117],"are":[118,140],"defined":[119],"ensure":[121],"preservation":[123],"important":[125],"information":[127],"segmentation.":[131],"An":[132],"performance":[134],"experiment":[135],"user":[138],"study":[139],"conducted":[141],"evaluate":[143],"effectiveness":[145],"analyses.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}