{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4297458048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209418","title":"Quick Clusters: A GPU-Parallel Partitioning for Efficient Path Tracing of Unstructured Volumetric Grids","display_name":"Quick Clusters: A GPU-Parallel Partitioning for Efficient Path Tracing of Unstructured Volumetric Grids","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4297458048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209418","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36166550"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209418","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209418","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075651562","display_name":"Nate Morrical","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127875","display_name":"Nvidia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127875"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nate Morrical","raw_affiliation_strings":["SCI Institute, University of Utah, USA","NVIDIA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SCI Institute, University of Utah, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NVIDIA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127875"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052409698","display_name":"Alper Sahistan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-7713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168864056","display_name":"Bilkent University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vh8a032","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alper Sahistan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bilkent University, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bilkent University, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017999955","display_name":"U\u011fur G\u00fcd\u00fckbay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2462-6959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168864056","display_name":"Bilkent University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vh8a032","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ugur Gudukbay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bilkent University, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bilkent University, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039910512","display_name":"Ingo Wald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0046-713X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127875","display_name":"Nvidia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127875"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ingo Wald","raw_affiliation_strings":["NVIDIA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NVIDIA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127875"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009460413","display_name":"Valerio Pascucci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8877-2042"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valerio Pascucci","raw_affiliation_strings":["SCI Institute, University of Utah, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SCI Institute, University of Utah, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075651562"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165","https://openalex.org/I4210127875"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0723,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9610696,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10996","display_name":"Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8395867943763733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.5868530869483948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.5234957337379456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polygon-mesh","display_name":"Polygon mesh","score":0.5069192051887512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ray-tracing","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","score":0.4828958511352539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.46325668692588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science","display_name":"Computational science","score":0.45059120655059814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.4472999572753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.41125473380088806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.38649433851242065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.2525087594985962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23756298422813416}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8395867943763733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.5868530869483948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.5234957337379456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31487907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154597","display_name":"Polygon mesh","level":2,"score":0.5069192051887512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121483023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7298343","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4828958511352539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.46325668692588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.45059120655059814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.4472999572753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.41125473380088806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.38649433851242065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2525087594985962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23756298422813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209418","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209418","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36166550","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36166550","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W204313812","https://openalex.org/W1532701078","https://openalex.org/W1564611446","https://openalex.org/W1793562836","https://openalex.org/W1905963256","https://openalex.org/W1964997616","https://openalex.org/W2036073865","https://openalex.org/W2050513283","https://openalex.org/W2061260835","https://openalex.org/W2082246999","https://openalex.org/W2097828217","https://openalex.org/W2100668339","https://openalex.org/W2102102707","https://openalex.org/W2107002723","https://openalex.org/W2110606751","https://openalex.org/W2115597229","https://openalex.org/W2137706341","https://openalex.org/W2141927091","https://openalex.org/W2154900718","https://openalex.org/W2159772324","https://openalex.org/W2169986505","https://openalex.org/W2182637996","https://openalex.org/W2265855762","https://openalex.org/W2275658608","https://openalex.org/W2320130370","https://openalex.org/W2398553357","https://openalex.org/W2885101649","https://openalex.org/W2898468574","https://openalex.org/W2916663343","https://openalex.org/W2966871122","https://openalex.org/W2984214700","https://openalex.org/W2995807199","https://openalex.org/W3038511999","https://openalex.org/W3081612277","https://openalex.org/W3092504589","https://openalex.org/W3111299119","https://openalex.org/W3117831838","https://openalex.org/W3136953890","https://openalex.org/W3167695850","https://openalex.org/W3200180645","https://openalex.org/W3203678462","https://openalex.org/W3214816887","https://openalex.org/W4226088748","https://openalex.org/W4226176478","https://openalex.org/W4280561824","https://openalex.org/W4287814222","https://openalex.org/W6631963404","https://openalex.org/W6637998202","https://openalex.org/W6674893991","https://openalex.org/W6694823434","https://openalex.org/W6776830889","https://openalex.org/W6801470398","https://openalex.org/W6810951896"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557607869","https://openalex.org/W2366350639","https://openalex.org/W2030301809","https://openalex.org/W2782715206","https://openalex.org/W4388257798","https://openalex.org/W2044628889","https://openalex.org/W3183639206","https://openalex.org/W2365659824","https://openalex.org/W2144964421","https://openalex.org/W2116965183"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"propose":[1],"a":[2,42,79,93,111,175],"simple":[3],"yet":[4],"effective":[5],"method":[6],"for":[7,99,115],"clustering":[8],"finite":[9],"elements":[10,39,48],"to":[11,61,92,136,199,220,260,267],"improve":[12,171,249],"preprocessing":[13,227],"times":[14],"and":[15,45,103,191,203,223],"rendering":[16,172],"performance":[17,173,251],"of":[18,58,81,140,150,156,244,252],"unstructured":[19],"volumetric":[20,209],"grids":[21],"without":[22],"requiring":[23],"auxiliary":[24],"connectivity":[25],"data.":[26],"Rather":[27],"than":[28],"building":[29],"bounding":[30],"volume":[31],"hierarchies":[32],"(BVHs)":[33],"over":[34,55,174],"individual":[35],"elements,":[36],"we":[37,66,119,170,248],"sort":[38],"along":[40,126,142],"with":[41,75],"Hilbert":[43],"curve":[44],"aggregate":[46],"neighboring":[47],"together,":[49],"improving":[50,163],"BVH":[51],"memory":[52,64,214],"consumption":[53,215],"by":[54,153,216,238,254],"an":[56,245],"order":[57],"magnitude.":[59],"Then":[60,237],"further":[62],"reduce":[63],"consumption,":[65],"cluster":[67,108],"the":[68,71,127,138,143,148,160,179,240,250],"mesh":[69,84],"on":[70,159,178,233],"fly":[72],"into":[73,121],"sub-meshes":[74],"smaller":[76],"indices":[77],"using":[78],"series":[80],"efficient":[82],"parallel":[83],"re-indexing":[85],"operations.":[86],"These":[87,129],"clusters":[88],"are":[89,133],"then":[90,134],"passed":[91],"highly":[94],"optimized":[95],"ray":[96,144],"tracing":[97],"API":[98],"point":[100],"containment":[101],"queries":[102],"ray-cluster":[104],"intersection":[105],"testing.":[106],"Each":[107],"is":[109],"assigned":[110],"maximum":[112,130],"extinction":[113,131],"value":[114],"adaptive":[116],"sampling,":[117],"which":[118],"rasterize":[120],"non-overlapping":[122],"view-aligned":[123],"bins":[124,132],"allocated":[125],"ray.":[128],"used":[135],"guide":[137],"placement":[139],"samples":[141,151],"during":[145],"visualization,":[146],"reducing":[147,213],"number":[149],"required":[152],"multiple":[154],"orders":[155],"magnitude":[157],"(depending":[158],"dataset),":[161],"thereby":[162],"overall":[164],"visualization":[165,232],"interactivity.":[166],"Using":[167],"our":[168],"approach,":[169],"competitive":[176],"baseline":[177],"NASA":[180],"Mars":[181],"Lander":[182,253],"dataset":[183],"from":[184],"6\u00d7":[185],"(1":[186,257],"frame":[187],"per":[188,195],"second":[189,196],"(fps)":[190],"1.0":[192,263],"M":[193,205,264,269],"rays":[194],"(rps)":[197],"up":[198,259,266],"now":[200,207],"6":[201],"fps":[202,258],"12.4":[204],"rps,":[206],"including":[208],"shadows)":[210],"while":[211],"simultaneously":[212],"3\u00d7(33":[217],"GB":[218,243],"down":[219],"11":[221],"GB)":[222],"avoiding":[224],"any":[225],"offline":[226],"steps,":[228],"enabling":[229],"high-quality":[230],"interactive":[231],"consumer":[234],"graphics":[235],"cards.":[236],"utilizing":[239],"full":[241],"48":[242],"RTX":[246],"8000,":[247],"17":[255,261],"\u00d7":[256],"fps,":[262],"rps":[265],"35.6":[268],"rps).":[270]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}