{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2969292277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2019.2934286","title":"Toward Objective Evaluation of Working Memory in Visualizations: A Case Study Using Pupillometry and a Dual-Task Paradigm","display_name":"Toward Objective Evaluation of Working Memory in Visualizations: A Case Study Using Pupillometry and a Dual-Task Paradigm","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2969292277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2019.2934286","mag":"2969292277","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31425092"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2019.2934286","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2019.2934286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029417016","display_name":"Lace Padilla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9251-5279"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156087764","display_name":"University of California, Merced","ror":"https://ror.org/00d9ah105","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156087764"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lace M.K. Padilla","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California Merced in Cognitive + Information Sciences"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California Merced in Cognitive + Information Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156087764"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006364919","display_name":"Spencer C. Castro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1394-0184"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Spencer C. Castro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Utah"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Utah","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061526935","display_name":"P. Samuel Quinan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Samuel Quinan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Utah, School of Computing"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Utah, School of Computing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038032626","display_name":"Ian T. Ruginski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5117-8210"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian T. Ruginski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Utah"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Utah","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013181392","display_name":"Sarah H. Creem-Regehr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7740-1118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah H. Creem-Regehr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Utah"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Utah","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029417016"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156087764"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7368,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88117532,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1","first_page":"332","last_page":"342"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.958899974822998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12805","display_name":"Cognitive Science and Mapping","score":0.9437999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-memory","display_name":"Working memory","score":0.8266855478286743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7896073460578918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-multitasking","display_name":"Human multitasking","score":0.7641507387161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.6715703010559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6315314769744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pupillometry","display_name":"Pupillometry","score":0.6001160144805908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5138626098632812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-analysis","display_name":"Task analysis","score":0.4933582842350006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-visualization","display_name":"Data visualization","score":0.43050575256347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4144537150859833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.366375207901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3096790015697479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.30476561188697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.130924254655838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pupil","display_name":"Pupil","score":0.0907355546951294}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21963081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11337567","display_name":"Working memory","level":3,"score":0.8266855478286743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7896073460578918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107418235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1520565","display_name":"Human multitasking","level":2,"score":0.7641507387161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.6715703010559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6315314769744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778711042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3410891","display_name":"Pupillometry","level":3,"score":0.6001160144805908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5138626098632812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.4933582842350006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172367668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504956","display_name":"Data visualization","level":3,"score":0.43050575256347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4144537150859833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.366375207901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3096790015697479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.30476561188697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.130924254655838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777394604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173318","display_name":"Pupil","level":2,"score":0.0907355546951294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008570","descriptor_name":"Memory, Short-Term","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008570","descriptor_name":"Memory, Short-Term","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008570","descriptor_name":"Memory, Short-Term","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010775","descriptor_name":"Photic Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010775","descriptor_name":"Photic Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010775","descriptor_name":"Photic Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011680","descriptor_name":"Pupil","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011680","descriptor_name":"Pupil","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011680","descriptor_name":"Pupil","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2019.2934286","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2019.2934286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31425092","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31425092","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:E0113-2B9-89A","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://api.osf.io/v2/nodes/6u8em/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401127","display_name":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"project"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:e609ffac-da5b-4c4d-9276-146b018cace7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://osf.io/6u8em","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401127","display_name":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Project"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":97,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W77612647","https://openalex.org/W207286226","https://openalex.org/W593527499","https://openalex.org/W642285587","https://openalex.org/W1493250243","https://openalex.org/W1502888554","https://openalex.org/W1512287614","https://openalex.org/W1539848741","https://openalex.org/W1548390378","https://openalex.org/W1559852210","https://openalex.org/W1568266824","https://openalex.org/W1575304580","https://openalex.org/W1601100579","https://openalex.org/W1951724000","https://openalex.org/W1965340718","https://openalex.org/W1976339519","https://openalex.org/W1977667232","https://openalex.org/W1984314602","https://openalex.org/W1989415743","https://openalex.org/W1995776340","https://openalex.org/W2000998192","https://openalex.org/W2004150192","https://openalex.org/W2011582530","https://openalex.org/W2011646769","https://openalex.org/W2016181632","https://openalex.org/W2017341739","https://openalex.org/W2023584795","https://openalex.org/W2026344029","https://openalex.org/W2033101906","https://openalex.org/W2034049156","https://openalex.org/W2041733741","https://openalex.org/W2051914653","https://openalex.org/W2058977039","https://openalex.org/W2059826162","https://openalex.org/W2064044626","https://openalex.org/W2064170269","https://openalex.org/W2073800769","https://openalex.org/W2081341882","https://openalex.org/W2082639297","https://openalex.org/W2098226206","https://openalex.org/W2098472342","https://openalex.org/W2103484089","https://openalex.org/W2107885267","https://openalex.org/W2113096305","https://openalex.org/W2115222633","https://openalex.org/W2118585461","https://openalex.org/W2123334556","https://openalex.org/W2125491509","https://openalex.org/W2129815685","https://openalex.org/W2130978024","https://openalex.org/W2143594200","https://openalex.org/W2149248041","https://openalex.org/W2152905082","https://openalex.org/W2156293134","https://openalex.org/W2156349886","https://openalex.org/W2157479079","https://openalex.org/W2164740960","https://openalex.org/W2168629730","https://openalex.org/W2172070002","https://openalex.org/W2210396547","https://openalex.org/W2295447624","https://openalex.org/W2346312659","https://openalex.org/W2464388441","https://openalex.org/W2472155683","https://openalex.org/W2513579885","https://openalex.org/W2515064928","https://openalex.org/W2529275262","https://openalex.org/W2529391596","https://openalex.org/W2541412568","https://openalex.org/W2555656651","https://openalex.org/W2559446857","https://openalex.org/W2579555219","https://openalex.org/W2582743722","https://openalex.org/W2600886565","https://openalex.org/W2761498026","https://openalex.org/W2765509228","https://openalex.org/W2783416238","https://openalex.org/W2788657169","https://openalex.org/W2791944851","https://openalex.org/W2793205774","https://openalex.org/W2796389891","https://openalex.org/W2809924942","https://openalex.org/W2810874430","https://openalex.org/W2892599116","https://openalex.org/W2907907102","https://openalex.org/W2915317031","https://openalex.org/W2939008440","https://openalex.org/W3162093438","https://openalex.org/W3208413131","https://openalex.org/W4205376988","https://openalex.org/W4237375617","https://openalex.org/W4240553276","https://openalex.org/W6603270380","https://openalex.org/W6630893070","https://openalex.org/W6632443190","https://openalex.org/W6761488437","https://openalex.org/W6795239268"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4242930893","https://openalex.org/W4388263628","https://openalex.org/W2488058330","https://openalex.org/W1988895983","https://openalex.org/W3140336604","https://openalex.org/W2336988105","https://openalex.org/W2940047422","https://openalex.org/W132134666","https://openalex.org/W1044687203","https://openalex.org/W2886487614"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cognitive":[0],"science":[1],"has":[2],"established":[3],"widely":[4],"used":[5],"and":[6,79,90,142,154,166,178,196,222],"validated":[7,44,81],"procedures":[8,45],"for":[9,46,83,111],"evaluating":[10,84,112],"working":[11,34,48,85,99,113,147,170,209,226],"memory":[12,49,86,100,114,148,171,210,227],"in":[13,53,95,115,204,208],"numerous":[14],"applied":[15],"domains,":[16],"but":[17],"surprisingly":[18],"few":[19],"studies":[20],"have":[21],"employed":[22,229],"these":[23],"methodologies":[24],"to":[25,55,64,139,230],"assess":[26],"claims":[27],"about":[28],"the":[29,56,65,127,169,205],"impacts":[30],"of":[31,38,58,68,76,129,135,162,225,235],"visualizations":[32,212],"on":[33],"memory.":[35],"The":[36,123],"lack":[37],"information":[39],"visualization":[40,69,88,236],"research":[41],"that":[42,126,182,201],"uses":[43],"measuring":[47],"may":[50],"be":[51],"due,":[52],"part,":[54],"absence":[57],"cross-domain":[59],"methodological":[60],"guidance":[61,94],"tailored":[62],"explicitly":[63],"unique":[66],"needs":[67],"research.":[70],"This":[71],"paper":[72],"presents":[73],"a":[74,104,116,157,192,215,232],"set":[75],"clear,":[77],"practical,":[78],"empirically":[80],"methods":[82,110,217],"during":[87],"tasks":[89,137],"provides":[91],"readers":[92],"with":[93,120,151,174],"selecting":[96],"an":[97],"appropriate":[98],"evaluation":[101,234],"paradigm.":[102],"As":[103],"case":[105],"study,":[106],"we":[107],"illustrate":[108],"multiple":[109],"visual-spatial":[117],"aggregation":[118],"task":[119,152,163,176,195],"geospatial":[121],"data.":[122],"results":[124],"show":[125],"use":[128],"dual-task":[130,158],"experimental":[131,159],"designs":[132],"(simultaneous":[133],"performance":[134],"several":[136],"compared":[138],"single-task":[140],"performance)":[141],"pupil":[143],"dilation":[144],"can":[145],"reveal":[146],"demands":[149,172],"associated":[150,173],"difficulty":[153,177],"dual-tasking.":[155,179],"In":[156],"design,":[160],"measures":[161,221,224],"completion":[164],"times":[165],"pupillometry":[167],"revealed":[168],"both":[175],"Pupillometry":[180],"demonstrated":[181],"participants'":[183],"pupils":[184],"were":[185,190],"significantly":[186],"larger":[187],"when":[188,197],"they":[189],"completing":[191],"more":[193],"difficult":[194],"multitasking.":[198],"We":[199],"propose":[200],"researchers":[202],"interested":[203],"relative":[206],"differences":[207],"between":[211],"should":[213],"consider":[214],"converging":[216],"approach,":[218],"where":[219],"physiological":[220],"behavioral":[223],"are":[228],"generate":[231],"rich":[233],"effort.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
