{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2904619680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865141","title":"A Declarative Rendering Model for Multiclass Density Maps","display_name":"A Declarative Rendering Model for Multiclass Density Maps","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2904619680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865141","mag":"2904619680","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30136987"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865141","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865141","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://inria.hal.science/hal-01848427","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102959274","display_name":"Jaemin Jo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5207-6010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jaemin Jo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, KR","SNU - Seoul National University [Seoul] (1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742 - South Korea)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, KR","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SNU - Seoul National University [Seoul] (1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742 - South Korea)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009374413","display_name":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Vernier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2728-3066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102197404","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud","ror":"https://ror.org/028rypz17","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102197404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115485","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur","ror":"https://ror.org/01raq4x89","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102197404","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210115485","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I277688954","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjwb503","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I277688954"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederic Vernier","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIMSICNRSUniv. Paris-SudUniversit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay","LIMSI - Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur (Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud B\u00e2t. 507 - Rue du Belv\u00e9d\u00e8re -91405 ORSAY CEDEX - France)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIMSICNRSUniv. Paris-SudUniversit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I102197404","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIMSI - Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur (Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud B\u00e2t. 507 - Rue du Belv\u00e9d\u00e8re -91405 ORSAY CEDEX - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115485","https://openalex.org/I102197404"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032305401","display_name":"Pierre Dragicevic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1854-5899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102197404","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud","ror":"https://ror.org/028rypz17","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102197404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1326498283","display_name":"Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique","ror":"https://ror.org/02kvxyf05","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre Dragicevic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inria","AVIZ - Analysis and Visualization (DIGITEO, Bat. Claude Shannon - Universit\u00e9 de Paris-Sud, B\u00e2timent 660, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette - France)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AVIZ - Analysis and Visualization (DIGITEO, Bat. Claude Shannon - Universit\u00e9 de Paris-Sud, B\u00e2timent 660, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102197404"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060725233","display_name":"Jean\u2010Daniel Fekete","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3770-8726"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1326498283","display_name":"Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique","ror":"https://ror.org/02kvxyf05","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102197404","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud","ror":"https://ror.org/028rypz17","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102197404"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Daniel Fekete","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inria","AVIZ - Analysis and Visualization (DIGITEO, Bat. Claude Shannon - Universit\u00e9 de Paris-Sud, B\u00e2timent 660, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette - France)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AVIZ - Analysis and Visualization (DIGITEO, Bat. Claude Shannon - Universit\u00e9 de Paris-Sud, B\u00e2timent 660, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102197404"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102959274"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3374,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91923304,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"1","first_page":"470","last_page":"480"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9746999740600586,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9725000262260437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6495798826217651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.5796720385551453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5701957941055298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/density-estimation","display_name":"Density estimation","score":0.5426294207572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorical-variable","display_name":"Categorical variable","score":0.5419240593910217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5138311982154846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.5061942934989929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.44536155462265015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.276965856552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.1643441915512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.14302989840507507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.13163137435913086}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6495798826217651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.5796720385551453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5701957941055298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189508267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17088227","display_name":"Density estimation","level":3,"score":0.5426294207572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5274069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2285707","display_name":"Categorical variable","level":2,"score":0.5419240593910217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5138311982154846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.5061942934989929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.44536155462265015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.276965856552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.1643441915512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.14302989840507507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.13163137435913086}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865141","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865141","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30136987","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30136987","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-01848427v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://inria.hal.science/hal-01848427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 2019, 25 (1), pp.470-480. &#x27E8;10.1109/TVCG.2018.2865141&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-01848427v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://inria.hal.science/hal-01848427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 2019, 25 (1), pp.470-480. &#x27E8;10.1109/TVCG.2018.2865141&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3034753964","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G342704958","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"funded","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3942910960","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(NRF) grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4244126222","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4334061160","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2016R1A2B2007153","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7933130775","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2016R1A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G982292920","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309392","display_name":"Louisiana Board of Regents","ror":"https://ror.org/00jv89z46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W884650706","https://openalex.org/W1588957466","https://openalex.org/W1629017939","https://openalex.org/W1968532065","https://openalex.org/W1974767305","https://openalex.org/W1986208208","https://openalex.org/W1995045912","https://openalex.org/W1999075826","https://openalex.org/W2000918537","https://openalex.org/W2014964183","https://openalex.org/W2018821858","https://openalex.org/W2025661610","https://openalex.org/W2026377765","https://openalex.org/W2052238947","https://openalex.org/W2071043671","https://openalex.org/W2074618668","https://openalex.org/W2079201812","https://openalex.org/W2081315591","https://openalex.org/W2089666999","https://openalex.org/W2095620196","https://openalex.org/W2099020892","https://openalex.org/W2101740575","https://openalex.org/W2104839312","https://openalex.org/W2114566476","https://openalex.org/W2116614231","https://openalex.org/W2121955354","https://openalex.org/W2135415614","https://openalex.org/W2136436991","https://openalex.org/W2149786896","https://openalex.org/W2161381700","https://openalex.org/W2161768947","https://openalex.org/W2187012331","https://openalex.org/W2346476940","https://openalex.org/W2466299973","https://openalex.org/W2467197661","https://openalex.org/W2504027044","https://openalex.org/W2516678343","https://openalex.org/W2590401502","https://openalex.org/W2751305043","https://openalex.org/W2752662042","https://openalex.org/W2778189778","https://openalex.org/W2795959502","https://openalex.org/W2951527381","https://openalex.org/W4253738845","https://openalex.org/W4254481081"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386799044","https://openalex.org/W2773208253","https://openalex.org/W2560646951","https://openalex.org/W4297454206","https://openalex.org/W65104662","https://openalex.org/W1871748041","https://openalex.org/W2362286668","https://openalex.org/W2133382151","https://openalex.org/W2153339597","https://openalex.org/W1528412344"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multiclass":[0,72],"maps":[1,9,48,74],"are":[2,75],"scatterplots,":[3],"multidimensional":[4],"projections,":[5],"or":[6,31],"thematic":[7],"geographic":[8],"where":[10],"data":[11,44,52,159,185],"points":[12,45],"have":[13],"a":[14,78,97,110,123],"categorical":[15,24],"attribute":[16,25],"in":[17,143],"addition":[18],"to":[19,51,54,81,157,176],"two":[20],"quantitative":[21],"attributes.":[22],"This":[23],"is":[26,136],"often":[27],"rendered":[28],"using":[29],"shape":[30],"color,":[32],"which":[33],"does":[34],"not":[35],"scale":[36],"when":[37],"overplotting":[38],"occurs.":[39],"When":[40],"the":[41,69,83,164,180],"number":[42],"of":[43,68,87,100,127],"increases,":[46],"multiclass":[47,59,88,102,130],"must":[49],"resort":[50],"aggregation":[53],"remain":[55],"readable.":[56],"We":[57,107],"present":[58,96],"density":[60,73,131],"maps:":[61],"multiple":[62],"2D":[63],"histograms":[64],"computed":[65],"for":[66,129],"each":[67],"category":[70],"values.":[71],"meant":[76],"as":[77,147],"building":[79],"block":[80],"improve":[82],"expressiveness":[84],"and":[85,138,182],"scalability":[86],"map":[89],"visualization.":[90],"In":[91],"this":[92],"article,":[93],"we":[94,168],"first":[95],"short":[98],"survey":[99],"aggregated":[101],"maps,":[103],"mainly":[104],"from":[105,179],"cartography.":[106],"then":[108],"introduce":[109],"declarative":[111,134],"model-a":[112],"simple":[113],"yet":[114],"expressive":[115,137],"JSON":[116],"grammar":[117],"associated":[118],"with":[119],"visual":[120],"semantics-that":[121],"specifies":[122],"wide":[124],"design":[125],"space":[126],"visualizations":[128],"maps.":[132],"Our":[133],"model":[135,172],"can":[139,153,173],"be":[140,154,174],"efficiently":[141],"implemented":[142],"visualization":[144],"front-ends":[145],"such":[146],"modern":[148],"web":[149],"browsers.":[150],"Furthermore,":[151],"it":[152],"reconfigured":[155],"dynamically":[156],"support":[158,183],"exploration":[160],"tasks":[161],"without":[162],"recomputing":[163],"raw":[165],"data.":[166],"Finally,":[167],"demonstrate":[169],"how":[170],"our":[171],"used":[175],"reproduce":[177],"examples":[178],"past":[181],"exploring":[184],"at":[186],"scale.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
