{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2888104250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865020","title":"Evaluating Multi-Dimensional Visualizations for Understanding Fuzzy Clusters","display_name":"Evaluating Multi-Dimensional Visualizations for Understanding Fuzzy Clusters","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2888104250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865020","mag":"2888104250","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30136966"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071560359","display_name":"Ying Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4200-5200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central South University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central South University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101659707","display_name":"Feng Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6388-3339"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central South University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central South University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100678189","display_name":"Ming\u2010Hui Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1935-2447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minghui Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central South University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central South University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101867156","display_name":"Yingchao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2037-7465"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingchao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central South University","Shandong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central South University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079986783","display_name":"Jiazhi Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4629-6268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiazhi Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central South University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central South University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100736732","display_name":"Fangfang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-0551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fangfang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central South University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central South University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068526974","display_name":"Yunhai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0059-6580"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunhai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central South University","Shandong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central South University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100613649","display_name":"Yi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4141-0554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179026463","display_name":"Beijing Technology and Business University","ror":"https://ror.org/013e0zm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179026463"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Technology, Business University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Technology, Business University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179026463"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100344494","display_name":"Wei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8365-4741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Lab of CAD & CG, Zhejiang University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab of CAD & CG, Zhejiang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0882,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96687762,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"1","first_page":"12","last_page":"21"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10637","display_name":"Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7901333570480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.7622699737548828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helpfulness","display_name":"Helpfulness","score":0.6719626784324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.6660230159759521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.6354959607124329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6113976240158081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-clustering","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","score":0.48512396216392517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-visualization","display_name":"Data visualization","score":0.4725482165813446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.44529300928115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4352640211582184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41991275548934937}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7901333570480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.7622699737548828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781265381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5710255","display_name":"Helpfulness","level":2,"score":0.6719626784324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.6660230159759521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.6354959607124329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6113976240158081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17212007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511111","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","level":3,"score":0.48512396216392517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172367668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504956","display_name":"Data visualization","level":3,"score":0.4725482165813446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.44529300928115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4352640211582184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41991275548934937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30136966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30136966","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3342475220","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61672538","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4270581205","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BKBD-2018KF08","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323378","funder_display_name":"Beijing Technology and Business University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5842681424","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61772456","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7234438289","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61772315","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7382293547","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"A1812","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322927","funder_display_name":"Zhejiang University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322927","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323378","display_name":"Beijing Technology and Business University","ror":"https://ror.org/013e0zm98"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W125283759","https://openalex.org/W980313803","https://openalex.org/W1512287614","https://openalex.org/W1565746575","https://openalex.org/W1613201427","https://openalex.org/W1947468339","https://openalex.org/W1969045498","https://openalex.org/W1976160686","https://openalex.org/W1976606085","https://openalex.org/W1977050089","https://openalex.org/W1992278063","https://openalex.org/W1995450389","https://openalex.org/W2009858410","https://openalex.org/W2013849755","https://openalex.org/W2015755066","https://openalex.org/W2019153882","https://openalex.org/W2021437797","https://openalex.org/W2025426031","https://openalex.org/W2039351583","https://openalex.org/W2040810017","https://openalex.org/W2047752105","https://openalex.org/W2052255065","https://openalex.org/W2056795974","https://openalex.org/W2075363469","https://openalex.org/W2077078058","https://openalex.org/W2078005932","https://openalex.org/W2080151622","https://openalex.org/W2093219811","https://openalex.org/W2093772787","https://openalex.org/W2094205735","https://openalex.org/W2098072631","https://openalex.org/W2104387755","https://openalex.org/W2109619915","https://openalex.org/W2109643392","https://openalex.org/W2111906081","https://openalex.org/W2114959316","https://openalex.org/W2120329225","https://openalex.org/W2121995598","https://openalex.org/W2123855615","https://openalex.org/W2124676561","https://openalex.org/W2127397139","https://openalex.org/W2137206388","https://openalex.org/W2148394752","https://openalex.org/W2156846700","https://openalex.org/W2157416927","https://openalex.org/W2163925089","https://openalex.org/W2165122927","https://openalex.org/W2165948901","https://openalex.org/W2187195546","https://openalex.org/W2217442075","https://openalex.org/W2343061342","https://openalex.org/W2395274837","https://openalex.org/W2472151885","https://openalex.org/W2480523931","https://openalex.org/W2483347049","https://openalex.org/W2611573943","https://openalex.org/W2611736676","https://openalex.org/W2750934719","https://openalex.org/W2753171348","https://openalex.org/W2753615759","https://openalex.org/W2790979073","https://openalex.org/W2912565176","https://openalex.org/W3120740533","https://openalex.org/W3145929700","https://openalex.org/W3151945894","https://openalex.org/W4245217443","https://openalex.org/W4251225685","https://openalex.org/W6605065851","https://openalex.org/W6630893070","https://openalex.org/W6644352162","https://openalex.org/W6670139892"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013728941","https://openalex.org/W4225274103","https://openalex.org/W2579659702","https://openalex.org/W2154046714","https://openalex.org/W1965329638","https://openalex.org/W1574055964","https://openalex.org/W2923661510","https://openalex.org/W2189613078","https://openalex.org/W2586219255","https://openalex.org/W2547096368"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fuzzy":[0],"clustering":[1,17],"assigns":[2],"a":[3,8,11,71,161,166],"probability":[4],"of":[5,24,54,78,144,153,155,181],"membership":[6],"for":[7,35,188],"datum":[9],"to":[10,40,74,82,110,119,131,140,197],"cluster,":[12],"which":[13],"veritably":[14],"reflects":[15],"real-world":[16],"scenarios":[18],"but":[19],"significantly":[20],"increases":[21],"the":[22,50,76,102,121,128,133,142,145,148,179],"complexity":[23],"understanding":[25],"fuzzy":[26,42,64,79,111,199],"clusters.":[27,43,65,200],"Many":[28],"studies":[29],"have":[30],"demonstrated":[31],"that":[32,175],"visualization":[33,56,86,195],"techniques":[34,57,130,150,196],"multi-dimensional":[36,85],"data":[37],"are":[38,176],"beneficial":[39],"understand":[41],"However,":[44],"no":[45],"empirical":[46],"evidence":[47],"exists":[48],"on":[49,178],"effectiveness":[51],"and":[52,97,105,124,158,165,184,193],"efficiency":[53],"these":[55],"in":[58,126,151,190],"solving":[59],"analytical":[60,103],"tasks":[61,104],"featured":[62],"by":[63],"In":[66],"this":[67],"paper,":[68],"we":[69,100,115,170],"conduct":[70],"controlled":[72],"experiment":[73,163],"evaluate":[75],"ability":[77],"clusters":[80,112],"analysis":[81],"use":[83],"four":[84,129,149,173],"techniques,":[87],"namely,":[88],"parallel":[89],"coordinate":[90],"plot,":[91],"scatterplot":[92],"matrix,":[93],"principal":[94],"component":[95],"analysis,":[96,169],"Radviz.":[98],"First,":[99],"define":[101],"their":[106],"representative":[107],"questions":[108],"specific":[109],"analysis.":[113],"Then,":[114],"design":[116,137],"objective":[117],"questionnaires":[118,139],"compare":[120],"accuracy,":[122],"time,":[123],"satisfaction":[125],"using":[127],"solve":[132],"questions.":[134],"We":[135],"also":[136],"subjective":[138],"collect":[141],"experience":[143],"volunteers":[146],"with":[147],"terms":[152],"ease":[154],"use,":[156],"informativeness,":[157],"helpfulness.":[159],"With":[160],"complete":[162],"process":[164],"detailed":[167],"result":[168],"test":[171],"against":[172],"hypotheses":[174],"formulated":[177],"basis":[180],"our":[182],"experience,":[183],"provide":[185],"instructive":[186],"guidance":[187],"analysts":[189],"selecting":[191],"appropriate":[192],"efficient":[194],"analyze":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
