{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2137531922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2003.1175093","title":"Computing and rendering point set surfaces","display_name":"Computing and rendering point set surfaces","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2137531922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2003.1175093","mag":"2137531922"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2003.1175093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2003.1175093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072827199","display_name":"Marc Alexa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-8466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019423309","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04gmsar03","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019423309","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Alexa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Interactive Graphics Systems Group, Darmstadt, Germany","Dept. of Comput. Sci., Tech. Univ. Darmstadt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Interactive Graphics Systems Group, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019423309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci., Tech. Univ. Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014770241","display_name":"Johannes Behr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1569-7870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019423309","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04gmsar03","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019423309","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Behr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Graphics Center ZGDV e. V., Darmstadt, Germany","[Computer Graphics Center ZGDV e. V., Darmstadt, Germany]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Graphics Center ZGDV e. V., Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019423309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Computer Graphics Center ZGDV e. V., Darmstadt, Germany]","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036688260","display_name":"Daniel Cohen\u2010Or","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6777-7445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16391192","display_name":"Tel Aviv University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Cohen-Or","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel","School of Computer Science Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041744005","display_name":"Shachar Fleishman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16391192","display_name":"Tel Aviv University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Fleishman","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel","School of Computer Science Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101994805","display_name":"David Levin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4145-8240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16391192","display_name":"Tel Aviv University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Levin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mathematics, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel","Department of Applied Mathematics, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027362873","display_name":"C.T. Silva","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.T. Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT and T Research Laboratories, Florham Park, NJ, USA","[AT and T Research Laboratories, Florham Park, NJ, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT and T Research Laboratories, Florham Park, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[AT and T Research Laboratories, Florham Park, NJ, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":38.8934,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1084,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99937526,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"3","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.7224581837654114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6369149684906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moving-least-squares","display_name":"Moving least squares","score":0.5268498659133911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5146347284317017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4687516689300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.43059974908828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-function","display_name":"Bounded function","score":0.42790278792381287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4253963530063629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3862887918949127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.38206738233566284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3509312868118286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.2942894697189331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.14640778303146362}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.7224581837654114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6369149684906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780580100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6927143","display_name":"Moving least squares","level":2,"score":0.5268498659133911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5146347284317017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4687516689300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.43059974908828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.42790278792381287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4253963530063629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3862887918949127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.38206738233566284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3509312868118286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.2942894697189331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.14640778303146362}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tvcg.2003.1175093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2003.1175093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84775595","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","issn_l":"1077-2626","issn":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-15840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-15840.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer IGD","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/204015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/204015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de:22379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/22379/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196390","display_name":"TUbilio (Technical University of Darmstadt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","host_organization_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Artikel"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W85656207","https://openalex.org/W1488754826","https://openalex.org/W1489538615","https://openalex.org/W1493143135","https://openalex.org/W1503421060","https://openalex.org/W1545217472","https://openalex.org/W1597739853","https://openalex.org/W1920702468","https://openalex.org/W1974102081","https://openalex.org/W1974983274","https://openalex.org/W1986049249","https://openalex.org/W1986234613","https://openalex.org/W1990323259","https://openalex.org/W1996819948","https://openalex.org/W1999284314","https://openalex.org/W2000214666","https://openalex.org/W2006213557","https://openalex.org/W2009422376","https://openalex.org/W2012876210","https://openalex.org/W2020599179","https://openalex.org/W2038091466","https://openalex.org/W2041259710","https://openalex.org/W2049981393","https://openalex.org/W2054150189","https://openalex.org/W2061010610","https://openalex.org/W2067405352","https://openalex.org/W2068306188","https://openalex.org/W2073371710","https://openalex.org/W2079017595","https://openalex.org/W2092924973","https://openalex.org/W2100816864","https://openalex.org/W2107030854","https://openalex.org/W2113634802","https://openalex.org/W2119947613","https://openalex.org/W2120572158","https://openalex.org/W2121535648","https://openalex.org/W2128012088","https://openalex.org/W2129519161","https://openalex.org/W2133493855","https://openalex.org/W2136838646","https://openalex.org/W2137514073","https://openalex.org/W2138430451","https://openalex.org/W2143633071","https://openalex.org/W2145267799","https://openalex.org/W2146755443","https://openalex.org/W2147477841","https://openalex.org/W2150593711","https://openalex.org/W2158037930","https://openalex.org/W2158905481","https://openalex.org/W2171094068","https://openalex.org/W2174246288","https://openalex.org/W2293779956","https://openalex.org/W2295835196","https://openalex.org/W2326588846","https://openalex.org/W2432517183","https://openalex.org/W2535787693","https://openalex.org/W2703438271","https://openalex.org/W2913772345","https://openalex.org/W2997144757","https://openalex.org/W2998115525","https://openalex.org/W3000400585","https://openalex.org/W3141009312","https://openalex.org/W3146210588","https://openalex.org/W4231618925","https://openalex.org/W4236476529","https://openalex.org/W4237979131","https://openalex.org/W4239179032","https://openalex.org/W4239491825","https://openalex.org/W4241943820","https://openalex.org/W4245536886","https://openalex.org/W4252482688","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6603468423","https://openalex.org/W6651825406","https://openalex.org/W6739923108"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2048402902","https://openalex.org/W1863533157","https://openalex.org/W3182299699","https://openalex.org/W1503414886","https://openalex.org/W2740010476","https://openalex.org/W2095660797","https://openalex.org/W2797881514","https://openalex.org/W2112614329","https://openalex.org/W2402294416","https://openalex.org/W112764643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,10,71],"advocate":[1],"the":[2,26,43,55,74,86,89,96,99,103,107,123,128],"use":[3],"of":[4,14,22,45,52,88,95],"point":[5,69,108,115],"sets":[6],"to":[7,25,82,101,121,127],"represent":[8],"shapes.":[9],"provide":[11],"a":[12,15,20,113],"definition":[13,30],"smooth":[16,139],"manifold":[17],"surface":[18,56],"from":[19,36],"set":[21,109],"points":[23,53,100],"close":[24],"original":[27],"surface.":[28],"The":[29,50,118],"is":[31,57,77,120],"based":[32],"on":[33,54],"local":[34,124],"maps":[35,125],"differential":[37],"geometry,":[38],"which":[39,59],"are":[40],"approximated":[41],"by":[42],"method":[44],"moving":[46],"least":[47],"squares":[48],"(MLS).":[49],"computation":[51],"local,":[58],"results":[60,132],"in":[61,133],"an":[62,93],"out-of-core":[63],"technique":[64],"that":[65,73],"can":[66],"handle":[67],"any":[68],"set.":[70],"show":[72],"approximation":[75],"error":[76],"bounded":[78],"and":[79,138],"present":[80],"tools":[81],"increase":[83],"or":[84],"decrease":[85],"density":[87],"points,":[90],"thus":[91],"allowing":[92],"adjustment":[94],"spacing":[97],"among":[98],"control":[102],"error.":[104],"To":[105],"display":[106],"surface,":[110],"we":[111],"introduce":[112],"novel":[114],"rendering":[116],"technique.":[117],"idea":[119],"evaluate":[122],"according":[126],"image":[129],"resolution.":[130],"This":[131],"high":[134],"quality":[135],"shading":[136],"effects":[137],"silhouettes":[140],"at":[141],"interactive":[142],"frame":[143],"rates.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":74},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":62},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":74},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":63},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":73},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":58},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":48}],"updated_date":"2026-06-24T13:16:06.693445","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
