{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400447500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2024.3424773","title":"Beyond Text: Detecting Image Propaganda on Online Social Networks","display_name":"Beyond Text: Detecting Image Propaganda on Online Social Networks","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400447500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2024.3424773"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsusc.2024.3424773","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2024.3424773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221417","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","issn_l":"2377-3782","issn":["2377-3782","2377-3790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045925919","display_name":"Ming-Hung Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5680-4003"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ming-Hung Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5680-4003","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yu-Lin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0362-3916"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Lin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0362-3916","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045925919"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15985862,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"120","last_page":"131"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11982","display_name":"Rhetoric and Communication Studies","score":0.955299973487854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9315000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5931734442710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4686915874481201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.4327653646469116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.40746188163757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3861185610294342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3328555226325989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.328508198261261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2797577977180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5931734442710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4686915874481201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.4327653646469116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.40746188163757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3861185610294342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3328555226325989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.328508198261261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2797577977180481}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsusc.2024.3424773","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2024.3424773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221417","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","issn_l":"2377-3782","issn":["2377-3782","2377-3790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3599320346","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"112-2221-E-194-035","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F2461203286","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5099028281","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"111-2222-E-194-003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F2461203286","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5195013163","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"111-2622-E-194-005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F2461203286","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8961993784","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"112-2634-F-027-001-MBK","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F2461203286","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F2461203286","display_name":"National Science and Technology Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008711923","https://openalex.org/W2019229544","https://openalex.org/W2030068474","https://openalex.org/W2092695382","https://openalex.org/W2115096331","https://openalex.org/W2145636500","https://openalex.org/W2591403015","https://openalex.org/W2764270778","https://openalex.org/W2785285571","https://openalex.org/W2889444998","https://openalex.org/W2988120509","https://openalex.org/W3037419089","https://openalex.org/W3041176905","https://openalex.org/W3046125354","https://openalex.org/W3097400019","https://openalex.org/W3106274667","https://openalex.org/W3164074231","https://openalex.org/W3179200824","https://openalex.org/W3200868131","https://openalex.org/W3211745634","https://openalex.org/W3213350162","https://openalex.org/W3216666189","https://openalex.org/W4205522598","https://openalex.org/W4220909740","https://openalex.org/W4231493085","https://openalex.org/W4252250696","https://openalex.org/W4281632763","https://openalex.org/W4285217118","https://openalex.org/W4287887893","https://openalex.org/W4309589453","https://openalex.org/W4312820073","https://openalex.org/W4313129299","https://openalex.org/W4322627670","https://openalex.org/W4385762026","https://openalex.org/W6755374932","https://openalex.org/W6759124430","https://openalex.org/W6767878077","https://openalex.org/W6791353385","https://openalex.org/W6850967996"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4312622923","https://openalex.org/W1977056376","https://openalex.org/W2728430307","https://openalex.org/W1990545028","https://openalex.org/W2107786128","https://openalex.org/W2735469505","https://openalex.org/W2048368023","https://openalex.org/W2484264353","https://openalex.org/W4237944947"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"rapid":[1],"expansion":[2],"of":[3,32,157],"social":[4,89,187],"media":[5,188],"has":[6,133],"notably":[7],"transformed":[8],"political":[9,43,59,160,177],"communication,":[10],"with":[11],"politicians":[12],"and":[13,23,91,102,113,122,171,179],"activists":[14],"increasingly":[15],"adopting":[16],"multimedia":[17],"formats":[18],"to":[19,41,110,120,138,182],"disseminate":[20],"their":[21],"ideologies":[22],"policy":[24],"proposals.":[25],"This":[26,105,147],"transformation":[27],"poses":[28],"a":[29,54,67,75,93,166],"significant":[30],"risk":[31],"propaganda":[33,72,116,178],"through":[34],"coordinated":[35,180],"campaigns":[36],"that":[37,96],"leverage":[38],"template-based":[39,145],"imagery":[40],"spread":[42],"messages.":[44],"To":[45],"tackle":[46],"this":[47],"challenge,":[48],"our":[49],"research":[50],"focuses":[51],"on":[52,186],"developing":[53],"detection":[55,150],"framework":[56],"for":[57],"identifying":[58,144],"images":[60],"crafted":[61],"from":[62,87],"similar":[63],"templates,":[64],"which":[65],"are":[66],"common":[68],"tool":[69,168],"in":[70,79,81,143,149,169],"such":[71],"efforts.":[73],"During":[74],"national":[76],"referendum":[77],"held":[78],"2021":[80],"Taiwan,":[82],"we":[83],"collected":[84],"visual":[85],"content":[86],"various":[88],"networks":[90],"implemented":[92],"hybrid":[94,129],"approach":[95],"combines":[97],"object":[98],"recognition,":[99],"textual":[100],"analysis,":[101],"pixel-level":[103],"information.":[104],"methodology":[106],"is":[107],"specifically":[108],"designed":[109],"detect":[111],"patterns":[112],"similarities":[114],"within":[115],"images,":[117],"enabling":[118],"us":[119],"trace":[121],"analyze":[123],"the":[124,155,173],"potentially":[125],"manipulative":[126],"content.":[127],"Our":[128],"feature":[130],"combination":[131],"technique":[132],"demonstrated":[134],"superior":[135],"performance":[136],"compared":[137],"several":[139],"established":[140],"baseline":[141],"methods":[142],"images.":[146],"advancement":[148],"technology":[151],"not":[152],"only":[153],"enhances":[154],"efficiency":[156],"researchers":[158],"studying":[159],"communication":[161],"but":[162],"also":[163],"serves":[164],"as":[165],"crucial":[167],"uncovering":[170],"understanding":[172],"mechanisms":[174],"behind":[175],"potential":[176],"efforts":[181],"shape":[183],"public":[184],"opinion":[185],"platforms.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T23:12:01.093139","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}