{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319863510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2023.3240411","title":"CDTier: A Chinese Dataset of Threat Intelligence Entity Relationships","display_name":"CDTier: A Chinese Dataset of Threat Intelligence Entity Relationships","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319863510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2023.3240411"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsusc.2023.3240411","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2023.3240411","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221417","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","issn_l":"2377-3782","issn":["2377-3782","2377-3790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/3014335","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056097781","display_name":"Yinghai Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9424-8282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinghai Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9424-8282","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023756374","display_name":"Yitong Ren","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yitong Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088659578","display_name":"Ming Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4762-6401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801345734","display_name":"China Academy of Engineering Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/039vqpp67","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801345734"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer Application, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Application, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801345734"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078883262","display_name":"Yanjun Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3299-9069"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanjun Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["PINGXING Lab (Nsfocus Technology Group Company), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PINGXING Lab (Nsfocus Technology Group Company), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044811454","display_name":"Zhiyuan Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5420-2554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I251738","display_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zjvnn91","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyuan Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China","School of Computing, Engineering and the Building Environment, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5420-2554","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Engineering and the Building Environment, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I251738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089327837","display_name":"Nour Moustafa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6127-9349"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188329596","display_name":"University of Canberra","ror":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nour Moustafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Information Technology (SEIT), University of New South Wales (UNSW)&#x0027;s UNSW Canberra, Canberra, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6127-9349","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Information Technology (SEIT), University of New South Wales (UNSW)&#x0027;s UNSW Canberra, Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188329596","https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056608045","display_name":"Zhihong Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9409-5359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihong Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9409-5359","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":22.3818,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99481077,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"4","first_page":"627","last_page":"638"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4310503900051117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3549152612686157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.33610695600509644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33176788687705994}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4310503900051117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3549152612686157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.33610695600509644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33176788687705994}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsusc.2023.3240411","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2023.3240411","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221417","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","issn_l":"2377-3782","issn":["2377-3782","2377-3790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository@napier.ac.uk:3014335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/3014335","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402591","display_name":"Edinburgh Napier Research Repository (Edinburgh Napier University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I251738","host_organization_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository@napier.ac.uk:3014335","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/3014335","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402591","display_name":"Edinburgh Napier Research Repository (Edinburgh Napier University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I251738","host_organization_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.47999998927116394}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1607093392","https://openalex.org/W1985108724","https://openalex.org/W2079735306","https://openalex.org/W2147880316","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2302058010","https://openalex.org/W2538865281","https://openalex.org/W2541153825","https://openalex.org/W2736238713","https://openalex.org/W2771963642","https://openalex.org/W2806278276","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2913244267","https://openalex.org/W2949867260","https://openalex.org/W2963296777","https://openalex.org/W2970959783","https://openalex.org/W2974159469","https://openalex.org/W2978269707","https://openalex.org/W2978864691","https://openalex.org/W2998286882","https://openalex.org/W3004349306","https://openalex.org/W3010977072","https://openalex.org/W3017733550","https://openalex.org/W3022088706","https://openalex.org/W3035366542","https://openalex.org/W3036568251","https://openalex.org/W3088886289","https://openalex.org/W3139164508","https://openalex.org/W3179788886","https://openalex.org/W3214329506","https://openalex.org/W4205199446","https://openalex.org/W4206779170","https://openalex.org/W4214753307","https://openalex.org/W4286375281","https://openalex.org/W4385573246","https://openalex.org/W6682082992","https://openalex.org/W6698160013","https://openalex.org/W6729308877","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6741505031","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6792127195"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W3204019825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cyber":[0],"Threat":[1],"Intelligence":[2],"(CTI),":[3],"which":[4,70],"is":[5,14,21],"knowledge":[6,89,107,156],"of":[7,41,48,79],"cyberspace":[8],"threats":[9],"gathered":[10],"from":[11],"security":[12,27,36,57],"data,":[13],"critical":[15],"in":[16,38,45,143,162],"defending":[17],"against":[18],"cyberattacks.However,":[19],"there":[20],"no":[22],"open-source":[23],"CTI":[24,33,66,81,100,119],"dataset":[25,77,93],"for":[26,35,55,94,128],"researchers":[28],"to":[29],"effectively":[30],"apply":[31],"enormous":[32],"information":[34],"analysis":[37],"the":[39,46,117,122,144,150],"field":[40,47],"threat":[42,50,74,84,88,103,129,163,170,176],"intelligence,":[43],"particularly":[44],"Chinese":[49,65],"intelligence.":[51,177],"As":[52],"a":[53,64],"result,":[54],"network":[56],"research":[58],"and":[59,86,105,132,137,158],"development,":[60],"this":[61],"article":[62],"constructed":[63],"entity":[67,75,95,130],"relationship":[68],"dataset\u2013CDTier,":[69],"includes:":[71],"1)":[72],"A":[73,92],"extraction":[76,97,131,134],"composed":[78],"100":[80,99],"reports,":[82,101],"3744":[83],"sentences":[85,104],"4259":[87],"objects;":[90],"2)":[91],"relation":[96,133],"including":[98],"2598":[102],"2562":[106],"object":[108],"relations.":[109],"CDTier":[110,154],"is,":[111],"as":[112,114],"far":[113],"we":[115,124],"know,":[116],"first":[118],"dataset.":[120],"On":[121],"CDTier,":[123],"trained":[125,152],"4":[126],"models":[127],"using":[135],"well-established":[136],"widely":[138],"used":[139],"deep":[140],"learning":[141],"methods":[142],"NLP.":[145],"The":[146],"results":[147],"showed":[148],"that":[149],"model":[151],"on":[153],"extracts":[155],"objects":[157],"their":[159],"relationships":[160],"described":[161],"intelligence":[164,171],"more":[165],"accurately.":[166],"This":[167],"significantly":[168],"minimizes":[169],"analysts\u2019":[172],"work":[173],"while":[174],"assessing":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
